攙

See also: 搀

攙	U+6519, 攙 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6519

← 攘
[U+6518]

CJK Unified Ideographs

攚 →
[U+651A]

Translingual

Han character

攙 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+17, 20 strokes, cangjie input 手弓口戈 (QNRI), four-corner 5701₃, composition ⿰扌毚)

References

KangXi: page 463, character 14
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12991
Dae Jaweon: page 812, character 19
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1984, character 16
Unihan data for U+6519

Chinese

trad.		攙
simp.		搀

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (毚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
纔	zlɯː, zlɯːs, *sraːm
讒	zrɯːm, zraːms
饞	*zrɯːm
毚	zrɯːm, zraːm
欃	zrɯːm, zraːms
攙	zrɯːm, sʰraːm
儳	zrɯːm, zrɯːms, *sʰraːms
酁	*zrɯːm
瀺	*zrɯːmʔ
嚵	sʰraːms, zraːm, *zlamʔ
巉	zraːm, zraːmʔ
劖	*zraːm
艬	zraːm, zraːms
鑱	zraːm, zraːms

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zrɯːm, *sʰraːm) : semantic 手 + phonetic 毚 (OC *zrɯːm, *zraːm).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chān, chán (chan¹, chan²)
(Zhuyin): ㄔㄢ, ㄔㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): caam¹
Min Nan (POJ): chham

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chān
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chan
  - Wade–Giles: chʻan¹
  - Yale: chān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chan
  - Palladius: чань (čanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰän⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chán
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chán
  - Wade–Giles: chʻan²
  - Yale: chán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charn
  - Palladius: чань (čanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: caam¹
  - Yale: chāam
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsaam¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cam¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːm⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chham
  - Tâi-lô: tsham
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhafm
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰam³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰam⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: /d͡ʒˠɛm/, /t͡ʃʰˠam/

Rime
Character	攙	攙
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	崇 (20)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	咸 (151)	銜 (149)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	士咸切	楚銜切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʒˠɛm/	/t͡ʃʰˠam/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖ͡ʐᵚæm/	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚam/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʒɐm/	/t͡ʃʰam/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖ͡ʐəɨm/	/ʈ͡ʂʰaɨm/
Li Rong	/d͡ʒɐm/	/t͡ʃʰam/
Wang Li	/d͡ʒɐm/	/t͡ʃʰam/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɖ͡ʐʱăm/	/ʈ͡ʂʰam/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chán	chān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	caam⁴	caam¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*zrɯːm/, /*sʰraːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	攙	攙
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1225	1230
Phonetic component	毚	毚
Rime group	侵	談
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	讒	攙
Old Chinese	/*zrɯːm/	/*sʰraːm/

Definitions

攙

^† to stab; to insert
^† sharp
to mix; to blend; to adulterate
alt. forms: 摻
to support by the arm
alt. forms: 摻, 儳
^† to take by force; to seize

Usage notes

In Mainland China, use of the character 摻／掺 (chān) to mean "to mix" (instead of 攙) is recommended by the The First Series of Standardized Forms of Words with Non-standardized Variant Forms (《第一批异形词整理表》) and Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》).

Compounds

打攙／打搀
攙假／搀假
攙先／搀先
攙兌／搀兑
攙口／搀口
攙合／搀合
攙和／搀和

攙夥／搀伙
攙奪／搀夺
攙扶／搀扶 (chānfú)
攙扶婆／搀扶婆
攙放／搀放
攙空／搀空
攙行奪市／搀行夺市

攙親／搀亲
攙言接語／搀言接语
攙話接舌／搀话接舌
攙越／搀越
攙雜／搀杂
長攙攙／长搀搀

Japanese

Kanji

攙

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

give helping hand

Readings

Go-on: せん (sen)
Kan-on: さん (san); しん (shin)
Kan’yō-on: ざん (zan)
Kun: さす (sasu, 攙す)

Korean

Hanja

攙 (eum 참 (cham))

to give a helping hand
to support, hold up

Vietnamese

Han character

攙: Hán Nôm readings: sọm

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