揉

揉

揉 U+63C9, 揉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63C9 ← 揈 [U+63C8] CJK Unified Ideographs 揊 → [U+63CA]

Translingual

Han character

揉 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手弓竹木 (QNHD), four-corner 5709₄, composition ⿰扌柔)

Derived characters

• 𦺤

References

• KangXi: page 441, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12332
• Dae Jaweon: page 792, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1926, character 10
• Unihan data for U+63C9

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Chinese

trad.		揉
simp. #		揉

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (矛) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
堥	*muː, *mu
蓩	*muːʔ, *moːɡ
猱	*ml'uː, *mljiwʔ, *ml'us
茅	*mruː
罞	*mruː, *muːŋ
蝥	*mruː, *mu, *mo, *moɡs
鶜	*mruː
瞀	*moːɡs, *mroːɡ
愗	*moːɡs
袤	*mus
雺	*mus, *mu, *muːŋ, *muːŋs
懋	*mus
楙	*mus
矛	*mu
蟊	*mu
髳	*mu, *muːŋ
鍪	*mu
鞪	*mu, *moːɡ
糅	*ml'us
腬	*ml'us, *mlju
柔	*mlju
揉	*mju
蹂	*mju, *mjuʔ, *mjus
鍒	*mju
騥	*mju
蝚	*mju
葇	*mju, *mjuʔ
鞣	*mju, *mjus
鰇	*mju
瑈	*mju
鶔	*mju
楺	*mjuʔ
煣	*mjuʔ, *mjus
輮	*mjuʔ, *mjus
韖	*mjuʔ
敄	*moʔ, *mos
務	*moɡs
鶩	*moɡs, *moːɡ
騖	*moɡs
婺	*moɡs
霚	*moɡs, *moːŋ
嵍	*moɡs
霧	*moɡs, *moːŋ
霿	*moːŋ, *moːŋs
楘	*moːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mju) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 柔 (OC *mlju).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): róu (rou²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄡˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jau⁴, jau⁶
• Min Nan (POJ): liû / jiû
• Wu (Wiktionary): nyieu (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: róu
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄡˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: róu
    • Wade–Giles: jou²
    • Yale: róu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rou
    • Palladius: жоу (žou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐoʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jau⁴, jau⁶
    • Yale: yàuh, yauh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jau⁴, jau⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yeo⁴, yeo⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯²¹/, /jɐu̯²²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liû
    • Tâi-lô: liû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liuu
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /liu²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiû
    • Tâi-lô: jiû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jiuu
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ʑiu²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑiu¹³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: nyieu (T3)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲiɜ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ȵɨu/

Rime
Character	揉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	耳由切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiu/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵuw/
Li Rong	/ȵiu/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭəu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	róu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*mju/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	揉
Reading #	1/1
No.	8826
Phonetic component	矛
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	柔
Old Chinese	/*mju/

Definitions

揉

1. to knead; to rub; to massage
2. to crush by hand

Compounds

揉合 揉弦 (róuxián) 揉捻 揉揉 揉搓 (róucuō) 搓揉 (cuōróu) 心癢難揉／心痒难揉

抹淚揉眵／抹泪揉眵 挹淚揉眵／挹泪揉眵 掰開揉碎／掰开揉碎 揉眵抹淚／揉眵抹泪 揉著癢處／揉著痒处 揉輪／揉轮 揉雜／揉杂

摑打撾揉／掴打挝揉 撫揉／抚揉 撾耳揉腮／挝耳揉腮 矯揉／矫揉 矯揉造作／矫揉造作 (jiǎoróuzàozuò) 磨揉遷革／磨揉迁革

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Japanese

Kanji

揉

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: にゅう (nyū)^{←にう (niu, historical)}
• Kan-on: じゅう (jū)^{←じう (ziu, historical)}
• Kun: もむ (momu, 揉む); もめる (momeru, 揉める)

Derived terms

• 揉(も)み上(あ)げ (momiage)

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Korean

Hanja

揉 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

揉: Hán Nôm readings: nhu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nôm Foundation