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单词 指
释义

指

See also: 🈯 [U+1F22F SQUARED CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6307]
指 U+6307, 指
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6307
← 挆
[U+6306]		CJK Unified Ideographs挈 →
[U+6308]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

指 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手心日 (QPA), four-corner 51061, composition ⿰扌旨)

References

  • KangXi: page 429, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12034
  • Dae Jaweon: page 778, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1873, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+6307

Chinese

trad.指
simp. #指
alternative forms𢫾

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 指
Western ZhouShuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptionsSmall seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (旨) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
稽*kiː, *kʰiːʔ
詣*ŋɡiːs
栺*ŋɡiːs, *kji
榰*klje
脂*kji
鴲*kji, *kjis
指*kjiʔ
旨*kjiʔ
恉*kjiʔ
嗜*ɡjis
蓍*qʰlji
鰭*ɡri
耆*ɡri
鮨*ɡri
鬐*ɡri

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kjiʔ) : semantic 手 + phonetic 旨 (OC *kjiʔ).

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Standard)
    (Pinyin): zhǐ (zhi3)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓˇ
    (Chengdu, SP): zi3
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): зы (zɨ, I)
  • Cantonese
    (Guangzhou, Jyutping): zi2
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zi2
  • Gan (Wiktionary): zi3
  • Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chṳ́
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zi3
  • Jin (Wiktionary): zeh4
  • Min Bei (KCR): gǐ
  • Min Dong (BUC): cī
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): kí / chái / cháiⁿ / chúiⁿ / chán / chí
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zi2 / zoin2 / zain2 / gi2 / zeng2
  • Wu (Wiktionary): tsr (T2)
  • Xiang (Wiktionary): zhr6
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: zhǐ
      • Zhuyin: ㄓˇ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: jhǐh
      • Wade–Giles: chih3
      • Yale: jř
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyy
      • Palladius: чжи (čži)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/
    • (Chengdu)
      • Sichuanese Pinyin: zi3
      • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: z
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sz̩⁵³/
    • (Dungan)
      • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: зы (zɨ, I)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sz̩²⁴/
      (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: zi2
      • Yale: jí
      • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi2
      • Guangdong Romanization: ji2
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siː³⁵/
    • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
      • Wiktionary: zi2
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡si⁵⁵/
  • Gan
    • (Nanchang)
      • Wiktionary: zi3
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sz̩²¹³/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ́
      • Hakka Romanization System: zii`
      • Hagfa Pinyim: zi3
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ³¹/
    • (Meixian)
      • Guangdong: zi3
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡sz̩³¹/
  • Jin
    • (Taiyuan)+
      • Wiktionary: zeh4
      • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡səʔ²/
  • Min Bei
    • (Jian'ou)
      • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gǐ
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ki²¹/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: cī
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡si³³/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Changtai, Zhangpu, Longyan, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kí
      • Tâi-lô: kí
      • Phofsit Daibuun: kie
      • IPA (Hui'an): /ki⁵⁴/
      • IPA (Longyan): /ki²¹/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Changtai, Zhangpu, Taipei): /ki⁵³/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki⁴¹/
      • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an): /ki⁵⁵⁴/
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Longyan, Kinmen)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chái
      • Tâi-lô: tsái
      • Phofsit Daibuun: zae
      • IPA (Longyan): /t͡sai²¹/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Kinmen): /t͡sai⁵³/
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Changtai, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Yilan)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cháiⁿ
      • Tâi-lô: tsáinn
      • Phofsit Daibuun: zvae
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sãi⁴¹/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Changtai, Taipei, Tainan, Yilan): /t͡sãi⁵³/
    • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Nan'an, Lukang)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chúiⁿ
      • Tâi-lô: tsuínn
      • Phofsit Daibuun: zvuie
      • IPA (Lukang): /t͡suĩ⁵⁵/
      • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an): /t͡suĩ⁵⁵⁴/
      • IPA (Hui'an): /t͡suĩ⁵⁴/
    • (Hokkien: Magong)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chán
      • Tâi-lô: tsán
      • Phofsit Daibuun: zarn
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Changtai, Zhangpu, Longyan, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí
      • Tâi-lô: tsí
      • Phofsit Daibuun: cie
      • IPA (Hui'an): /t͡ɕi⁵⁴/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Changtai, Zhangpu, Taipei): /t͡ɕi⁵³/
      • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵⁴/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕi⁴¹/
      • IPA (Longyan): /t͡ɕi²¹/
Note:
  • kí, chái/cháiⁿ/chúiⁿ/chán - vernacular;
  • chí - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: zi2 / zoin2 / zain2 / gi2 / zeng2
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsí / tsóiⁿ / tsáiⁿ / kí / tsṳ́ng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡si⁵²/, /t͡sõĩ⁵²/, /t͡sãĩ⁵²/, /ki⁵²/, /t͡sɯŋ⁵²/
Note:
  • zi2 - literary;
  • zoin2/zain2 - vernacular (“finger”);
  • zoin2 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
  • zain2 - Jieyang;
  • gi2 - vernacular (“to point”);
  • zeng2 - colloquial (俗).
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: tsr (T2)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sz̩³⁴/
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: zhr6
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /t͡sz̩²⁴/
  • Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕˠiɪX/
Rime
Character指
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)章 (23)
Final (韻)脂 (17)
Tone (調)Rising (X)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)III
Fanqie職雉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/t͡ɕˠiɪX/
Pan
Wuyun		/t͡ɕᵚiX/
Shao
Rongfen		/t͡ɕiɪX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/cjiX/
Li
Rong		/t͡ɕjiX/
Wang
Li		/t͡ɕiX/
Bernard
Karlgren		/t͡ɕiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		zhǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		zi2
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə.kijʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kjiʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character指
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		zhǐ
Middle
Chinese		‹ tsyijX ›
Old
Chinese		/*mə.kijʔ/
Englishfinger; point

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character指
Reading #1/1
No.17325
Phonetic
component		旨
Rime
group		脂
Rime
subdivision		2
Corresponding
MC rime		旨
Old
Chinese		/*kjiʔ/

Definitions

指

  1. finger
    手指  ―  shǒuzhǐ  ―  finger
  2. to point; to point out; to aim
    指出  ―  zhǐchū  ―  to point out
    指人  ―  zhǐ rén  ―  to point at a person
  3. to indicate; to show; to demonstrate
  4. to refer to; to mean
    春天指的是冬天後面的那個季節。 [MSC, trad.]
    春天指的是冬天后面的那个季节。 [MSC, simp.]
    Chūntiān zhǐ de shì dōngtiān hòumiàn de nàge jìjié. [Pinyin]
    Spring refers to the season after winter.
  5. to rely on; to depend on
  6. to criticize; to rebuke
  7. to make one’s hair stand on end
  8. Classifier for fingerwidths.

Synonyms

  • (finger): 手指 (shǒuzhǐ)
  • (to point): 點明／点明 (diǎnmíng)
  • (to rely on):
edit
Synonyms of 指

Compounds

Derived terms from 指

Descendants

  • → Thai: ชี้ (chíi, “to point”)

Japanese

Kanji

指

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
  • Kun: ゆび (yubi, 指, Jōyō); さす (sasu, 指す, Jōyō)
  • Nanori: むね (mune)

Etymology

From Old Japanese および.[1] Cognate with Okinawan いーび.

Pronunciation

  • Kun’yomi
    • (Tokyo) ゆび​ [yùbíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[2][3]
    • IPA(key): [jɯ̟ᵝbʲi]

Noun

指(ゆび) • (yubi)  (counter 本)

  1. a finger
    • 931–938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō (book 2, page 38)
      指 唐韵云、指. 音旨、由比、俗云於與比
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

(alternative reading hiragana および, rōmaji oyobi)

  1. a finger
    • 931–938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō (book 2, page 38)
      指 唐韵云、指. 音旨、由比、俗云於與比
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Derived terms

  • 親(おや)指(ゆび) (oyayubi): thumb
  • 人(ひと)差(さ)し指(ゆび) (hitosashiyubi): forefinger, index finger
  • 中(なか)指(ゆび) (nakayubi): long finger, middle finger
  • 薬(くすり)指(ゆび) (kusuriyubi): ring finger, medical finger, the third finger (UK), the fourth finger (US)
  • 小(こ)指(ゆび) (koyubi): little finger, ear-finger, pinkie
  • 指(ゆび)関(かん)節(せつ) (yubikansetsu): knuckle, finger joint
  • 足(あし)指(ゆび) (ashiyubi), 足(あし)の指(ゆび) (ashi no yubi): toe

References

  • Minamoto, Shitagō; Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.
  1. https://oncoj.orinst.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/oncoj_dictionary.sh?search=finger&part=s
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 指 (MC t͡ɕˠiɪX). Recorded as Middle Korean 지〮 (cí) (Yale: ci) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource指 (eumhun 손가락 지 (son'garak ji))

  1. Hanja form? of 지 (“finger”).

Compounds

Compounds
  • 소지 (小指, soji)
  • 약지 (藥指, yakji)
  • 지도 (指導, jido)
  • 지령 (指令, jiryeong)
  • 지목 (指目, jimok)
  • 지수 (指數, jisu)
  • 지시 (指示, jisi)
  • 지적 (指摘, jijeok, “indication; identification”)
  • 지휘 (指揮, jihwi, “command; direction”)

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Okinawan

Kanji

指

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

  • Kun: いーび (ībi, 指)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʔiːbi/

Noun

指 (hiragana いーび, rōmaji ībi)

  1. finger

Derived terms

  • 指ぬ先 (いーびぬさち, ībinusachi, “fingertip”)
  • 大指 (うふいーび, ufuībi, “thumb, big toe”)
  • 中指 (なかいーび, nakaībi, “middle finger”)
  • 薬指 (くすいいーび, kusuiībi, “ring finger”)
  • 差し指 (さしいーび, sashiībi, さちいーび, sachiībi, “index finger”)
  • 人差し指 (っちゅさしいーび, tchusachiībi, “index finger”)
  • 均し指, 平し指 (ならしいーび, narashiībi, “ring finger”)
  • 指小, 指子, 指んぐゎー (いーびんぐゎー, ībingwā, “little finger, pinkie”)

Southern Amami-Oshima

Kanji

指 (hiragana っいぃーび, romaji 'yībi)

Noun

指 (hiragana っいぃーび, romaji 'yībi)

  1. finger

Vietnamese

Han character

指: Hán Nôm readings: chỉ, xỉ, chỏ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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