拱

拱

拱 U+62F1, 拱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-62F1 ← 拰 [U+62F0] CJK Unified Ideographs 拲 → [U+62F2]

Translingual

Han character

拱 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手廿金 (QTC), four-corner 5408₁, composition ⿰扌共)

References

• KangXi: page 428, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11994
• Dae Jaweon: page 776, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1867, character 2
• Unihan data for U+62F1

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		拱
alternative forms		共 廾

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 拱
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (共) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
港	*kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs
巷	*ɡroːŋs
衖	*ɡroːŋs
鬨	*ɡroːŋs, *ɡloːŋs
烘	*qʰloːŋ, *qʰloːŋs, *ɡoːŋ, *ɡloːŋs
洪	*ɡloːŋ
鉷	*ɡloːŋ
谼	*ɡloːŋ
葓	*ɡoːŋ
哄	*ɡloːŋs
蕻	*ɡloːŋs
恭	*kloŋ
供	*kloŋ, *kloŋs
龔	*kloŋ
珙	*kloŋ, *kloŋʔ
共	*kloŋ, *ɡloŋs
髸	*kloŋ
拱	*kloŋʔ
拲	*kloŋʔ, *kloɡ
蛬	*kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ
栱	*kloŋʔ
輁	*kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ
舼	*ɡloŋ
輂	*kloɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kloŋʔ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 共 (OC *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gǒng (gong³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gung²
• Min Nan (POJ): kióng / kéng
• Wu (Wiktionary): kon (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gǒng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gǒng
    • Wade–Giles: kung³
    • Yale: gǔng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goong
    • Palladius: гун (gun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gung²
    • Yale: gúng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gung²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gung²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ³⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kióng
    • Tâi-lô: kióng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiorng
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kiɔŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɔŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kéng
    • Tâi-lô: kíng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: keang
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kiɪŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/

Note:

• kióng - literary;
• kéng - vernacular.

• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: kon (T2)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /kɨoŋ^X/

Rime
Character	拱
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居悚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨoŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/kioŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/kioŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kuawŋX/
Li Rong	/kioŋX/
Wang Li	/kĭwoŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯woŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiǒng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gung2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*k(r)oŋʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kloŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	拱
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gǒng
Middle Chinese	‹ kjowngX ›
Old Chinese	/*k(r)oŋʔ/
English	join the hands
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	拱
Reading #	1/1
No.	4172
Phonetic component	共
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	拱
Old Chinese	/*kloŋʔ/

Definitions

拱

1. to fold the hands in front of the breast
2. to bow; to salute
3. to surround; to encircle

   眾星拱月／众星拱月  ―  zhòngxīnggǒngyuè  ―  to crowd around

4. (archaic) area enclosed by the arms
5. to push upwards or outwards
6. to sprout
7. to arch
8. arched

Compounds

垂拱 垂拱而治 墓木已拱 (mùmùyǐgǒng) 括囊拱手 拱伏 拱候 拱券 (gǒngxuàn) 拱北 (Gǒngběi) 拱嘴 拱廊 (gǒngláng) 拱手 (gǒngshǒu) 拱手作揖 拱手垂裳 拱手投降 拱手而降 拱把 拱抱 拱揖

拱服 拱木 拱璧 拱立 拱花 拱辰 拱默 木拱 枓拱 深拱 珍同拱璧 端拱 舯拱 蔫拱 高拱 斗拱 (dǒugǒng) 垂頭拱手／垂头拱手 拱動／拱动

拱手而別／拱手而别 拱手聽命／拱手听命 拱手讓人／拱手让人 (gǒngshǒuràngrén) 拱極星／拱极星 拱橋／拱桥 (gǒngqiáo) 拱肩縮背／拱肩缩背 拱衛／拱卫 (gǒngwèi) 拱進／拱进 拱門／拱门 (gǒngmén) 拱閣／拱阁 拱頂／拱顶 (gǒngdǐng) 洗耳拱聽／洗耳拱听 眾星拱北／众星拱北 眾星拱月／众星拱月 (zhòngxīnggǒngyuè) 眾星拱辰／众星拱辰 葉拱／叶拱 連拱壩／连拱坝 鳴琴垂拱／鸣琴垂拱

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Japanese

Kanji

拱

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. arch
2. fold arms

Readings

• Go-on: く (ku)
• Kan-on: きょう (kyō)
• Kun: こまぬく (komanuku, 拱く); こまねく (komaneku, 拱く)

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Korean

Hanja

拱 • (gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune–Reischauer kong, Yale kong)

1. fold hands on breast
2. bow, salute

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Vietnamese

Han character

拱: Hán Nôm readings: cõng

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