扣

See also: 釦

扣	U+6263, 扣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6263

← 扢
[U+6262]

CJK Unified Ideographs

扤 →
[U+6264]

Translingual

Han character

扣 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 手口 (QR), four-corner 5600₀, composition ⿰扌口)

References

KangXi: page 418, character 7

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11807

Dae Jaweon: page 765, character 2

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1829, character 13

Unihan data for U+6263

Chinese

simp. and trad.		扣
alternative forms		叩

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 扣
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (口) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
口	*kʰoːʔ
叩	*kʰoːʔ
扣	kʰoːʔ, kʰoːs
釦	*kʰoːʔ
筘	*kʰoːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰoːʔ, *kʰoːs) : semantic 手 + phonetic 口 (OC *kʰoːʔ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kòu (kou⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄎㄡˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kau³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khieu
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): khiò / khò͘ / khàu / khau
(Teochew, Peng'im): kao³ / ka³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kòu
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄡˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kòu
  - Wade–Giles: kʻou⁴
  - Yale: kòu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kow
  - Palladius: коу (kou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰoʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (扣兒／扣儿)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kòur
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄡˋㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kòur
  - Wade–Giles: kʻourh⁴
  - Yale: kòur
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kowl
  - Palladius: коур (kour)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/

Note: kòur - (1) "knot"; (2) "button (knob or small disc serving as a fastener)".

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: kau³
  - Yale: kau
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kau³
  - Guangdong Romanization: keo³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐu̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khieu
  - Hakka Romanization System: kieu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kieu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯eu̯⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiò
  - Tâi-lô: khiò
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qioix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰio⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰio¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khò͘
  - Tâi-lô: khòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qox
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰɔ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khàu
  - Tâi-lô: khàu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qaux
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰau⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /kʰau²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰau¹¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khau
  - Tâi-lô: khau
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qaw
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰau⁴⁴/

Note:

khiò/khò͘ - literary;
khàu - vernacular;
khau - 摳 is used in the Mainland.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kao³ / ka³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khàu / khà
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰau²¹³/, /kʰa²¹³/

Note:

kao3 - literary;
ka3 - vernacular.

Middle Chinese: /kʰəu^X/, /kʰəu^H/

Rime
Character	扣	扣
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	苦后切	苦候切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰəu^X/	/kʰəu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰəu^X/	/kʰəu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰəu^X/	/kʰəu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəw^X/	/kʰəw^H/
Li Rong	/kʰu^X/	/kʰu^H/
Wang Li	/kʰəu^X/	/kʰəu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰə̯u^X/	/kʰə̯u^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kǒu	kòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hau²	hau³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰoːʔ/, /*kʰoːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	扣	扣
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	7492	7494
Phonetic component	口	口
Rime group	侯	侯
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	口	𡨥
Old Chinese	/*kʰoːʔ/	/*kʰoːs/

Definitions

扣

to hold; to restrain; to grab (a horse)
to detain; to arrest
to button; to fasten a button; to buckle; to clasp
button (knob or small disc serving as a fastener)
alt. forms: 釦／扣
紐扣／纽扣 ― niǔkòu ― button
knot
to subtract; to deduct (money, points, etc.)
Alternative form of 叩 (kòu, “to knock; to strike”).

Compounds

Derived terms from 扣

一折八扣
七折八扣
七除八扣 (qīchú-bākòu)
不折不扣 (bùzhébùkòu)
伏地扣子
倒扣
假扣押 (jiǎ kòuyā)
入扣
吊扣
回扣 (huíkòu)
打折扣 (dǎ zhékòu)
扣人心弦 (kòurénxīnxián)
扣分 (kòufēn)
扣子 (kòuzi)
扣帽子 (kòu màozi)
扣抵
扣押 (kòuyā)
扣掉
扣日子
扣查
扣球 (kòuqiú)
扣留 (kòuliú)
扣考
扣舷
扣身衫子
扣除 (kòuchú)
折扣 (zhékòu)

抵扣 (dǐkòu)
拘扣
排扣
查扣 (chákòu)
甯戚扣角
留扣子
袖扣 (xiùkòu)
三環五扣／三环五扣
倒扣針兒／倒扣针儿
剋扣／克扣 (kèkòu)
子母扣兒／子母扣儿 (zǐmǔkòur)
對扣／对扣
弔扣／吊扣
扣兒／扣儿 (kòur)
扣剋／扣克
扣問／扣问 (kòuwèn)
扣子繩／扣子绳
扣廳／扣厅
扣戥頭／扣戥头
扣擊／扣击
扣槃捫燭／扣槃扪烛
扣環兒／扣环儿
扣籃／扣篮 (kòulán)
扣緊／扣紧
扣練齒輪／扣练齿轮 (kòuliànchǐlún)
扣繳／扣缴 (kòujiǎo)
扣繳率／扣缴率

扣襻兒／扣襻儿
扣邊／扣边
扣針／扣针 (kòuzhēn)
扣門／扣门 (kòumén)
扣除額／扣除额
扣頭／扣头
扣題／扣题
扣馬／扣马
扣黑鍋／扣黑锅
拴扣兒／拴扣儿
摁扣兒／摁扣儿 (ènkòur)
攀轅扣馬／攀辕扣马
書扣子／书扣子
機扣／机扣
活扣兒／活扣儿
環環相扣／环环相扣 (huánhuánxiāngkòu)
紐扣／纽扣 (niǔkòu)
絲絲入扣／丝丝入扣
腳扣／脚扣
舉手扣額／举手扣额
號天扣地／号天扣地
螺絲扣／螺丝扣
解扣兒／解扣儿
連環扣／连环扣
釘扣子／钉扣子
鈕扣／钮扣 (niǔkòu)

Japanese

Kanji

扣

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: く (ku)
Kan-on: こう (kō)
Kun: たたく (tataku, 扣く); ひかえる (hikaeru, 扣える); うつ (utsu, 扣つ)

Korean

Hanja

扣 (eumhun 두드릴 구 (dudeuril gu))

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Hanja

扣 (eumhun 두드릴 고 (dudeuril go))

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Vietnamese

Han character

扣: Hán Nôm readings: khấu, khẩu, khâu, kháu

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