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单词 憎い
释义

憎い

Japanese

Kanji in this term
にく
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
憎 (kyūjitai)
悪い

Etymology

From Old Japanese. Cognate with 憎む (nikumu, to hate), 難い (-nikui, difficult [to do], verb suffix).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) [nìkúꜜì] (Nakadaka – [2])[1][2]
  • IPA(key): [ɲ̟ikɯ̟ᵝi]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of "憎い"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Continuative (連用形)憎くくく
[níꜜkùkù]
[nìkúꜜkù]
Terminal (終止形)憎い[nìkúꜜì]
Attributive (連体形)憎い[nìkúꜜì]
Key constructions
Informal negative憎くないくくない
くない
[níꜜkùkùnàì]
[nìkúꜜkùnàì]
Informal past憎かったくかった
かった
[níꜜkùkàttà]
[nìkúꜜkàttà]
Informal negative past憎くなかったくくなかった
くなかった
[níꜜkùkùnàkàttà]
[nìkúꜜkùnàkàttà]
Formal憎いですいです[nìkúꜜìdèsù]
Conjunctive憎くてくくて
くて
[níꜜkùkùtè]
[nìkúꜜkùtè]
Conditional憎ければくければ
ければ
[níꜜkùkèrèbà]
[nìkúꜜkèrèbà]

Adjective

(にく) (nikui) -i (adverbial (にく) (nikuku))

  1. hateful, detestable, abominable
    • Ise Monogatari (The Tales of Ise), late 800s to early 900s:
      されどにくゝはたあらざりけり。
      Saredo nikuku hata arazarikeri.
      But no one thought him dislikeable.
      → Note that the negative connotations have strengthened over time. The older meaning was milder, closer to dislikeable than the modern hateful.

Inflection

Antonyms

  • (この)ましい (konomashii): desirable, favorable, welcome

Derived terms

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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