慳

慳

See also: 悭

慳 U+6173, 慳 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6173 ← 慲 [U+6172] CJK Unified Ideographs 慴 → [U+6174]

Translingual

Han character

慳 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 心尸水土 (PSEG), four-corner 9701₄, composition ⿰忄堅)

Further reading

• KangXi: page 400, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11140
• Dae Jaweon: page 740, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2345, character 5
• Unihan data for U+6173

---

Chinese

trad.		慳
simp.		悭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (臣) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
臤	*kʰaːn, *kʰriːn, *ɡiːn, *kʰins
掔	*kʰriːn, *kʰiːn
慳	*kʰriːn
藖	*ɡriːn, *ɡriːns
堅	*kiːn
鋻	*kiːn, *kiːns
鰹	*kiːn
蜸	*kʰiːnʔ
菣	*kʰiːns, *kʰins
賢	*ɡiːn
礥	*ɡiːn, *ɢrin
臔	*ɡiːnʔ
挋	*kiŋs
臣	*ɡiŋ
茞	*ɡiŋ
腎	*ɡjinʔ
頣	*hŋiŋʔ
緊	*kinʔ
嚚	*ŋɡriŋ
鏗	*kʰreːŋ
摼	*kʰreːŋ
硻	*kʰreːŋ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiān (qian¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): haan¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cian
    • Wade–Giles: chʻien¹
    • Yale: chyān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chian
    • Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰjɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: haan¹
    • Yale: hāan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: haan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: han¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haːn⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: /kʰˠɛn/

Rime
Character	慳
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	山 (73)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	苦閑切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰˠɛn/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰᵚæn/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəɨn/
Li Rong	/kʰɛn/
Wang Li	/kʰæn/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰăn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haan1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰriːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	慳
Reading #	1/1
No.	1327
Phonetic component	臣
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	慳
Old Chinese	/*kʰriːn/

Definitions

慳

1. stingy; miserly
2. stingy person; miser
3. (Cantonese) to save; to economize

   慳錢／悭钱 [Cantonese]  ―  haan¹ cin² [Jyutping]  ―  to save money

   慳水／悭水 [Cantonese]  ―  haan¹ seoi² [Jyutping]  ―  to conserve water

   唔好咁慳啦。／唔好咁悭啦。 [Cantonese]  ―  m⁴ hou² gam³ haan¹ laa¹. [Jyutping]  ―  Don't try so much to economize.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 吝嗇 (“stingy; miserly”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		吝, 嗇, 慳, 吝嗇, 慳吝
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		吝嗇, 小氣, 慳吝
Mandarin	Beijing	小氣, 摳, 摳兒, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 死摳兒, 摳搜, 摳唆, 嗇刻
	Tianjin	摳兒, 摳門兒, 摳唆, 死摳兒, 窮摳兒
	Langfang	摳
	Chengde	摳兒
	Tangshan	摳惜
	Cangzhou	摳兒
	Baoding	摳, 窮摳
	Shijiazhuang	摳, 老摳兒
	Daming	老摳兒
	Chifeng	吝嗇, 摳兒
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	小摳兒, 小氣
	Heihe	吝嗇, 摳, 摳門兒, 小摳兒
	Qiqihar	吝嗇, 摳, 摳門兒
	Harbin	摳, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 摳搜, 小氣, 夾夾咕咕, 玍屄
	Baicheng	吝嗇, 摳
	Changchun	小摳
	Tonghua	摳門兒
	Shenyang	吝嗇, 小摳, 摳
	Dandong	吝嗇, 摳, 小摳兒
	Jinzhou	吝嗇, 摳, 摳搜, 渠
	Dalian	黑饞
	Yantai	摳, 奸
	Yantai (Muping)	摳, 摳搜
	Qingdao	奸, 拤古
	Lijin	摳, 不出息
	Zhucheng	拤古
	Jinan	摳, 摳門兒, 小氣
	Jining	摳
	Luoyang	摳唆, 小氣, 吝嗇
	Wanrong	摳, 小氣
	Shangqiu	摳, 老鱉一
	Yuanyang	摳兒
	Zhengzhou	摳, 尖
	Lingbao	吝嗇, 嗇皮
	Xinyang	尖
	Baihe	嗇皮
	Hanzhong	嗇皮
	Xi'an	小氣, 嗇, 吝嗇, 嗇皮, 摳
	Baoji	嗇皮
	Yinchuan	摳搜, 薄嗇, 嗇, 小氣
	Tianshui	吝嗇
	Lanzhou	摳搜, 嗇皮, 嗇, 小氣
	Dunhuang	嗇
	Xining	摳, 摳皮, 細詳, 搜, 小氣
	Hami	摳
	Ürümqi	摳, 摳搜, 嗇皮, 小氣
	Wuhan	吝嗇, 摳, 慳, 小氣
	Yichang	吝嗇, 嗇, 小氣
	Xiangyang	吝嗇, 雀薄
	Tianmen	吝嗇
	Hong'an	小氣, 慳, 刻薄
	Chengdu	摳, 小氣, 夾, 苟, 嗇, 坎
	Nanchong	吝嗇, 摳
	Hanyuan	嗇
	Xichang	嗇, 坎
	Zigong	吝嗇, 摳
	Chongqing	吝嗇, 夾, 財, 老默, 摳
	Guiyang	摳, 夾摳, 夾殼, 小氣
	Zunyi	摳, 夾殼兒
	Bijie	夾摳, 夾殼
	Liping	吝嗇, 摳, 小氣
	Zhaotong	小氣
	Dali	尖鉤鉤
	Kunming	吝嗇, 小氣, 秀, 秀氣郎當
Mengzi	摳
Guilin	摳
Guilin (Lingui)	吝嗇
Liuzhou	吝嗇, 摳, 沙, 小氣
Liuzhou (Luorong)	吝嗇
Jishou	摳
Changde	摳
Anqing	摳
Xuzhou	搜, 摳, 搜摳兒, 搜摳, 搜屄摳兒, 薄氣, 不出血
Fuyang	吝嗇, 摳, 尖
Wuhu	摳, 尿
Yangzhou	摳, 小氣, 嗇掐, 嗇苛, 嗇, 吝嗇
Lianyungang	吝嗇, 免頭
Lianshui	小氣
Nanjing	摳, 嗇, 小氣, 尿日鬼
Hefei	摳, 小氣, 算小
Nantong	小氣, 嗇掐
Malaysia	吝嗇
Singapore	吝嗇
Cantonese	Guangzhou	孤寒, 慳濕, 鐸叔, 眼緊, 縮骨, 麻米, 小氣
	Hong Kong	孤寒, 鐸叔, 縮骨
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	孤寒
	Macau	孤寒
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	孤寒
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	孤寒
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	孤寒
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	孤寒
	Foshan	孤寒
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	孤寒
	Foshan (Shunde)	孤寒
	Foshan (Sanshui)	孤寒
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	孤寒
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	孤寒
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	孤寒
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	孤寒
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	孤寒
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	孤寒
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	孤寒
	Taishan	孤寒, 針屎
	Kaiping (Chikan)	孤寒, 針屎
	Enping (Niujiang)	耳屎, 孤寒
	Heshan (Yayao)	孤寒
	Dongguan	孤寒, 縮骨
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	孤寒
	Qingyuan	孤寒
	Fogang	孤寒
	Yingde (Hanguang)	孤寒
	Yangshan	孤寒
	Lianshan (Butian)	慳
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	孤寒
	Shaoguan	孤寒
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	孤寒
	Renhua	孤寒
	Lechang	孤寒
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	孤寒
	Sihui	孤寒
	Guangning	孤寒
	Deqing	孤寒
	Huaiji	孤寒
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	孤寒
	Yunfu	孤寒
	Xinxing	孤寒
	Luoding	孤寒
	Yunan (Pingtai)	孤寒
	Yangjiang	孤寒, 小格
	Xinyi	孤寒
	Lianjiang	小氣, 慳嗇
	Nanning	孤寒, 小氣
	Wuzhou	孤寒
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	慳
	Lingshan	慳
	Pubei	慳
	Beihai	慳濕, 孤寒
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	孤寒
	Danzhou	細氣
	Singapore (Guangfu)	孤寒
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	小氣
	Móng Cái	孤寒
Gan	Nanchang	嗇, 小氣
	Lichuan	慳吝, 小氣
	Pingxiang	肋嗇, 嗇魔, 小氣
Hakka	Meixian	齧, 齧察, 歪, 孤寒, 皮西艾曬, 唆嗇, 淒老
	Xingning	歪
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	孤寒, 蔑屑
	Huidong (Daling)	小氣, 孤寒
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	孤寒
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	孤寒
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	孤寒
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	孤寒
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	孤寒
	Changting	癄
	Wuping	齧
	Wuping (Pingyu)	歪, 齧察
	Ninghua	精
	Yudu	小氣, 小相
	Ruijin	小氣
	Shangyou (Shexi)	精, 小氣
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	齧, 齧察, 鹹合澀, 鹹澀
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	齧, 齧察, 齧唧, 鹹合澀, 鹹澀
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	齧, 齧察, 齧合澀, 澀齧
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	齧, 齧察, 鹹合澀
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	齧察, 齧合澀
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	硞, 虯, 鹹合澀
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	摳
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	小氣
Huizhou	Jixi	小毛, 小氣, 小鬼
	Shexian	小氣, 吃小米
Jin	Taiyuan	小氣, 摳索, 吝嗇
	Pingyao	摳, 小氣
	Yangyuan	吝嗇, 摳, 磨慳, 慳
	Datong	吝嗇, 摳
	Xinzhou	鬼祟, 小氣
	Lishi	摳
	Linfen	摳
	Changzhi	摳, 慳, 摳搜
	Linhe	憋, 缺
	Jining	摳
	Hohhot	小氣
	Erenhot	摳, 小氣
	Pingshan	摳唆
	Zhangjiakou	摳門兒, 摳, 吝嗇
	Handan	小氣, 摳兒門兒, 摳兒, 嗇結頭
	Linzhou	摳
	Suide	嗇
Min Bei	Jian'ou	嗇鄙, 小癖氣
	Songxi	小氣
	Zhenghe	嗇鄙
	Jianyang	嗇鄙
	Wuyishan	嗇
	Pucheng (Shibei)	嗇
Min Dong	Fuzhou	貽順, 奸狡, 奸狡利, 小氣
	Fuqing	小氣, 𣍐捨, 奸小利
Min Nan	Xiamen	枵鬼, 譴相, 小鄙臉, 貓, 貓神, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 貓潲 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 雞孫, 凍霜, 攝屎, 鄙釐, 虯, 竭, 𣍐做儂
	Quanzhou	枵鬼, 譴相, 貓, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 貓潲 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 雞孫, 捻𡳞 vulgar, 捻, 鄙釐, 虯, 𣍐做儂
	Zhangzhou	枵鬼, 小鬼臉, 㾀屎庀 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹澀韌, 蟯, 蟯鬼, 蟯疕, 桶庀, 鄙釐, 毛絲, 虯, 𣍐做儂, 雞攝膣, 攝雞膣, 攝屎, 𠢕儉
	Zhangpu	枝釐
	Yunxiao	夾絲
	Taipei	牛螕, 凍霜, 鹹澀
	Taipei (Wanhua)	凍霜
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	凍霜, 鹹澀, 牛螕, 孤獨
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	牛螕, 苛頭, 凍霜, 鹹澀
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	孤霜, 㾀屎
	Kaohsiung	牛螕, 凍霜, 鹹澀, 硞
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	凍霜, 硞
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭, 硞, 虯
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭, 硞, 虯
	Kaohsiung (Tianliao)	凍霜, 苛頭
	Yilan	凍霜, 貓筩, 鹹澀, 虯
	Changhua (Lukang)	虯, 凍霜, 硞, 鹹澀
	Taichung	凍霜, 硞, 硞仔頭
	Taichung (Wuqi)	凍霜
	Tainan	虯, 苛頭, 凍霜, 硞, 鹹澀
	Tainan (Anping)	凍霜, 鹹澀, 硞, 虯
	Taitung	凍霜
	Hsinchu	凍霜, 鹹澀, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹
	Kinmen	凍霜, 孤霜, 鹹澀
	Penghu (Magong)	凍霜, 孤霜, 鹹澀, 牛螕, 虯
	Penghu (Xiyu)	孤獨, 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭
	Penang (Hokkien)	鹹澀, 鹹
	Singapore (Hokkien)	枵鬼, 貓, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 貓潲 vulgar, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar
	Manila (Hokkien)	鹹澀, 貓潲 vulgar
	Datian	澀鼻
	Chaozhou	鹹澀
	Shantou	鹹澀
	Jieyang	鹹澀, 酸澀
	Singapore (Teochew)	鹹澀, 貓
	Leizhou	慳, 慳嘜, 刻目, 刺麻
	Wenchang	鹹澀, 細氣
	Haikou	鹹澀
	Singapore (Hainanese)	鹹澀, 鹹
Puxian Min	Putian	鹹澀
	Xianyou	鹹澀
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	孤寒
	Sanxiang	孤寒, 孽屎
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	小氣, 小相
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Chaoyang)	小氣
	Guilin (Zhuyuan)	吝嗇
	Lingchuan (Tanxia)	小氣
Wu	Shanghai	小氣, 密屑, 賅刁, 摳, 刮皮, 酷, 刁, 勿爽氣
	Shanghai (Chongming)	小氣
	Suzhou	小氣, 算小, 掐
	Wuxi	小氣, 嗇
	Changzhou	小氣
	Danyang	嗇掐, 小氣
	Hangzhou	小氣, 精馬, 精巴
	Ningbo	小氣, 刮皮
	Wenzhou	小氣, 貓, 吃不得
	Jinhua	小氣, 刻嗇, 貓涴
Xiang	Changsha	吝毛, 小氣, 摳, 疜
	Loudi	小相
	Shuangfeng	小氣
	Quanzhou	吝嗇
	Guanyang (Wenshi)	小相

Dialectal synonyms of 省 (“to save; to economize”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		省
Mandarin	Taiwan	省
	Guilin	省
	Singapore	省
Cantonese	Guangzhou	慳
	Hong Kong	慳
	Taishan	慳
	Singapore (Guangfu)	慳
Hakka	Meixian	省
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	慳
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	省
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	省
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	省
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	省
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	省
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	省
	Hong Kong	省
Min Nan	Taipei	省 GT
	Penang (Hokkien)	省
	Singapore (Hokkien)	省, 儉
	Manila (Hokkien)	省
	Chaozhou	儉
	Shantou	儉, 省
	Jieyang	儉
	Haifeng	儉
	Singapore (Teochew)	儉
	Pontianak (Teochew)	儉
Note	GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Compounds

不打慳／不打悭 分淺緣慳／分浅缘悭 分薄緣慳／分薄缘悭 大破慳囊／大破悭囊 好事多慳／好事多悭 好事天慳／好事天悭 慳吝／悭吝 (qiānlìn)

慳吝苦剋／悭吝苦克 慳嗇霖／悭啬霖 慳囊／悭囊 慳家／悭家 慳皮／悭皮 慳錢／悭钱 死慳死抵／死悭死抵

知慳識儉／知悭识俭 破慳／破悭 粉吝紅慳／粉吝红悭 緣慳分淺／缘悭分浅 緣慳命蹇／缘悭命蹇 老慳／老悭

References

• “慳”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

---

Japanese

Kanji

慳

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: けん (ken)
• Kan-on: かん (kan)
• Kun: おしむ (oshimu, 慳む)

---

Korean

Hanja

慳 (eumhun 아낄 간 (akkil gan))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Naver Hanja Dictionary: 慳

---

Vietnamese

Han character

慳: Hán Việt readings: khan, san
慳: Nôm readings: ghen, khan, khiên, kiên

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation