感冒

感冒

Chinese

		to feel; to move; to touch to feel; to move; to touch; to affect	to cover; to emit; to manifest to cover; to emit; to manifest; to risk; bold; brave
trad. (感冒)		感	冒
simp. #(感冒)		感	冒

Etymology

Attested since the Song dynasty.

冒 (mào) probably refers to “to emit; to manifest”, with 感冒 literally meaning “affected [by the wind] and [the symptoms have] manifested”.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gǎnmào

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄢˇ ㄇㄠˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): gam² mou⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): gam² mau⁵

• Jin (Wiktionary): gan² mau³
• Min Dong (BUC): gāng-mô̤
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): kám-mō͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gam² mao⁶

• Wu (Wiktionary): koe mau (T2)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): gan³ mau⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gǎnmào
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄢˇ ㄇㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gǎnmào
    • Wade–Giles: kan³-mao⁴
    • Yale: gǎn-màu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaanmaw
    • Palladius: ганьмао (ganʹmao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kän²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gam² mou⁶
    • Yale: gám mouh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gam² mou⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: gem² mou⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm³⁵ mou̯²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: gam² mau⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kam⁵⁵ ᵐbau³²/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: gan² mau³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /kæ̃⁵³ mau⁴⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gāng-mô̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaŋ³³⁻⁵⁵ mɔ²⁴²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kám-mō͘
    • Tâi-lô: kám-mōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kafmmo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mɔ̃²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ mɔ̃⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mɔ̃²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mɔ̃³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ mɔ̃³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gam² mao⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kám mău
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kam⁵²⁻³⁵ mau³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: koe mau (T2)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kø³³ mɔ⁴⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: gan³ mau⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kan⁴¹ mɒu⁴⁵/

Noun

感冒

1. (pathology) cold (common viral illness); common cold

   細菌性感冒／细菌性感冒  ―  xìjūnxìng gǎnmào  ―  bacterial cold

   病毒性感冒  ―  bìngdúxìng gǎnmào  ―  viral cold

2. (informal) influenza
3. (literary, historical) pretext for requesting leave of absence used by officials in the Qing dynasty

   • 按今制官員請假輒以感冒為辭，當即宋時「感風簿」之遺意。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     按今制官员请假辄以感冒为辞，当即宋时“感风簿”之遗意。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 俞樾 (Yu Yue), 《茶香室叢鈔》

     Àn jīn zhì guānyuán qǐngjià zhé yǐ gǎnmào wéi cí, dāngjí Sòng shí “gǎnfēngbù” zhī yíyì. [Pinyin]

     Nowadays officials use the pretext of “affected [by disease] and [symptoms have] manifested” for their absence; this is inherited from ganfengbu (sign-in book for officials who had been affected by the cold wind and fallen ill) in the Song dynasty.

Synonyms

• (cold): 普通感冒 (pǔtōng gǎnmào), 傷風／伤风 (shāngfēng)

Derived terms

普通感冒 (pǔtōng gǎnmào) 流行性感冒 (liúxíngxìng gǎnmào) 傷風感冒／伤风感冒

風寒感冒／风寒感冒 風熱感冒／风热感冒

Verb

感冒

1. to catch a cold
2. (literary) to sense; to feel
3. (Mainland China, figurative, colloquial, often in the negative) to fancy; to be interested in
4. (Taiwan, figurative, colloquial) to loathe; to hate

Synonyms

• (to catch a cold): (Min Nan) 感著／感着, 感風／感风
• (to fancy): 感興趣／感兴趣 (gǎn xìngqù)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
感	冒
かん Grade: 3	ぼう Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かんぼー [kàńbóó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
• IPA^(key): [kã̠mbo̞ː]

Noun

感(かん)冒(ぼう) • (kanbō) 

1. a cold

Synonyms

• 風邪(かぜ) (kaze)

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN