恋

恋

See also: 戀

恋 U+604B, 恋 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-604B ← 恊 [U+604A] CJK Unified Ideographs 恌 → [U+604C]

Translingual

Japanese	恋
Simplified	恋
Traditional	戀

Han character

恋 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜金心 (YCP), four-corner 0033₃, composition ⿱𰁜心 or ⿱亦心)

Derived characters

• 𢣫 𦃳 𨄄 𪮠 𰰚

Related characters

• 戀 (Traditional form of 恋)

References

• KangXi: page 383, character 36
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10537
• Dae Jaweon: page 714, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2292, character 7
• Unihan data for U+604B

Usage notes

In the Kangxi dictionary (正字通), this character is listed as an unorthodox form (俗字) of 戀.

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Chinese

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 恋 – see 戀 (“to love; to long for; to yearn for; to feel attached to”). (This character, 恋, is the simplified and variant form of 戀.)

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 恋 – see 甚 (“serious; extreme; excessive; extremely; considerably; very; etc.”). (This character, 恋, is a variant form of 甚.)

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Japanese

Shinjitai	恋
Kyūjitai	戀

Kanji

恋

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 戀)

1. attach
2. love

Readings

• Go-on: れん (ren, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: れん (ren, Jōyō)
• Kun: こう (kou, 恋う, Jōyō)^{←こふ (kofu, historical)}; こい (koi, 恋, Jōyō)^{←こひ (kofi, historical)}; こいしい (koishii, 恋しい, Jōyō)^{←こひしい (kofisii, historical)}

Compounds

Derived terms

• 恋(れん)恋(れん), 恋(れん)々(れん) (renren)
• 恋(れん)愛(あい) (ren'ai)
• 恋(れん)歌(か) (renka)
• 恋(れん)情(じょう) (renjō)
• 恋(れん)着(ちゃく) (renchaku)
• 恋(れん)慕(ぼ) (renbo)
• 愛(あい)恋(れん) (airen)
• 遠(えん)恋(れん) (enren)
• 失(しつ)恋(れん) (shitsuren)
• 邪(じゃ)恋(れん) (jaren)
• 悲(ひ)恋(れん) (hiren)
• 秘(ひ)恋(れん) (hiren)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
恋
こい Grade: S
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
戀 (kyūjitai)

⟨ko₁pi₂⟩ → /kʷopʷɨ/ → /kofi/ → /kowi/ → /koi/

From Old Japanese.

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 恋う (kou, “to love, yearn”).

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) こ​い [kóꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [ko̞i]

• Homophones: 濃い, 故意

Noun

恋(こい) • (koi) ^{←こひ (kofi)?}

1. love, especially romantic love
   • 1086, Goshūi Wakashū (book 14, poem 815; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 65)

     恨(うら)みわびほさぬ袖(そで)だにあるものを恋(こひ)に朽(く)ちなむ名(な)こそ惜(を)しけれ

     urami wabi hosanu sode dani aru mono o koi ni kuchinan na koso oshikere

     Anger and sorrow have made my never-dry sleeves a complete ruin―but still more hateful to me is love's ruin of my good name.[3]

2. longing, yearning
   • c. 1005–07, Shūi Wakashū (book 11, poem 622; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 40)

     しのぶれど色(いろ)に出(い)でにけりわが恋(こひ)は物(もの)や思(おも)ふと人(ひと)の問(と)ふまで

     shinoburedo iro ni idenikeri waga koi wa mono ya omou to hito no tou made

     Even though I hide it, it shows all over my face, such is my longing so that people ask me "What are you thinking about?"[4]

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 恋(こい)しい (koishii)
• 恋(こい)する (koisuru)
• 恋(こい)歌(うた) (koiuta)
• 恋(こい)占(うらな)い (koi-uranai)
• 恋(こい)歌(か) (koika)
• 恋(こい)風(かぜ) (koikaze)
• 恋(こい)活(かつ) (koikatsu)
• 恋(こい)心(ごころ) (koigokoro)
• 恋(こい)路(じ) (koiji)
• 恋(こい)塚(づか) (koizuka)
• 恋(こい)疲(づか)れ (koizukare)
• 恋(こい)妻(づま) (koizuma)
• 恋(こい)仲(なか) (koinaka)
• 恋(こい)猫(ねこ) (koineko)
• 恋(こい)の悩(なや)み (koi no nayami)
• 恋(こい)の闇(やみ) (koi no yami)
• 恋(こい)人(びと) (koibito)
• 恋(こい)文(ぶみ) (koibumi)
• 恋(こい)水(みず) (koimizu)
• 恋(こい)物(もの)語(がたり) (koi monogatari)
• 恋(こい)敵(がたき) (koigataki)
• 恋(こい)病(やまい) (koiyamai)
• 恋(こい)煩(わずら)い, 恋(こい)患(わずら)い (koiwazurai)
• 色(いろ)恋(こい) (irokoi)
• 片(かた)恋(こい) (katakoi)
• 妻(つま)恋(ごい) (tsumagoi)
• 初(はつ)恋(こい) (hatsukoi)
• 秘(ひめ)恋(ごい) (himegoi)
• 諸(もろ)恋(ごい) (morogoi)

Proverbs

• 恋(こい)に上(じょう)下(げ)の隔(へだ)てなし (koi ni jōge no hedate nashi)
• 恋(こい)は曲(くせ)者(もの) (koi wa kusemono)
• 恋(こい)は思(し)案(あん)の外(ほか) (koi wa shian no hoka)
• 恋(こい)は盲(もう)目(もく) (koi wa mōmoku, “love is blind”)
• 恋(こい)は闇(やみ) (koi wa yami, “love is dark → love is blind”)

See also

• 愛(あい) (ai)

Proper noun

恋(こい) • (Koi) ^{←こひ (kofi)?}

1. a female given name

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
3. Steven D. Carter (1991) Traditional Japanese Poetry: An Anthology, illustrated edition, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 227
4. Joshua S. Mostow (1996) Pictures of the Heart: The Hyakunin Isshu in Word and Image, illustrated edition, University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, page 260

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Korean

Hanja

恋 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연, revised ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyen>yen)

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