怪

See also: 恠

怪	U+602A, 怪 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-602A

← 怩
[U+6029]

CJK Unified Ideographs

怫 →
[U+602B]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

怪 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 心水土 (PEG), four-corner 9701₄, composition ⿰忄圣)

Derived characters

𠶔, 𢯑, 𬏴

References

KangXi: page 382, character 10

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10483

Dae Jaweon: page 711, character 5

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2288, character 12

Unihan data for U+602A

Chinese

simp. and trad.		怪
alternative forms		𢘪恠

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (圣) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
怪	*kruːds
恠	*krɯːs
圣	*kʰuːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kruːds) : semantic 忄 + phonetic 圣 (OC *kʰuːd).

Etymology

怪 (OC *kwrêh; *kwêh) seemingly had the same OC rhyme as 傀 (OC *kûi); They may be variants (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): guài (guai⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄞˋ
(Chengdu, SP): guai⁴
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гуэ (gue, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): gwaai³
(Taishan, Wiktionary): gai¹
Gan (Wiktionary): guai⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): koai
(Meixian, Guangdong): guai⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): guai³
Min Bei (KCR): guo̿i
Min Dong (BUC): guái
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): koài / kòe / kòa
(Teochew, Peng'im): guai³
Wu (Wiktionary): kua (T2)
Xiang (Wiktionary): guai⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guài
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guài
  - Wade–Giles: kuai⁴
  - Yale: gwài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guay
  - Palladius: гуай (guaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kwaɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: guai⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: guai
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuai²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гуэ (gue, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuɛ⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gwaai³
  - Yale: gwaai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwaai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: guai³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷaːi̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gai¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kai³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: guai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuai³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: koai
  - Hakka Romanization System: guai
  - Hagfa Pinyim: guai⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ku̯ai̯⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: guai⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kuaɪ⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: guai³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /kuai⁴⁵/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: guo̿i
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuɛ³³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: guái
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuɑi²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koài
  - Tâi-lô: kuài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koaix
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /kuai²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kuai⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kuai¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kòe
  - Tâi-lô: kuè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koex
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kue⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung): /kue²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kue¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kòa
  - Tâi-lô: kuà
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koax
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kua²¹/

Note:

koài - literary;
kòe/kòa - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: guai³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kuài
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuai²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: kua (T2)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɯa̱³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: guai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuai⁴⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 怪
Mandarin	Beijing	/kuai⁵¹/
	Harbin	/kuai⁵³/
	Tianjin	/kuai⁵³/
	Jinan	/kuɛ²¹/
	Qingdao	/kuɛ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/kuai³¹²/
	Xi'an	/kuai⁴⁴/
	Xining	/kuɛ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/kuɛ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/kuɛ¹³/
	Ürümqi	/kuai²¹³/
	Wuhan	/kuai³⁵/
	Chengdu	/kuai¹³/
	Guiyang	/kuai²¹³/
	Kunming	/kuæ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/kuae⁴⁴/ /kuae²¹²/
	Hefei	/kue̞⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kuai⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/kuæ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/kuɛ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/kua³⁵/
	Suzhou	/kuɑ⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/kue̞⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/ka⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/kua³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/kua⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/kuai⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/kuai⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/kuai⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kuai⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/kuɑi⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kwai³³/
	Nanning	/kʷai³³/
	Hong Kong	/kwai³³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kuai²¹/ /kue²¹/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kuɑi²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kuɛ³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kuai²¹³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kuai³⁵/ /kɔi³⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kˠuɛi^H/

Rime
Character	怪
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	皆 (34)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古壞切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠuɛi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷᵚæi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɐi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwəɨj^H/
Li Rong	/kuɛi^H/
Wang Li	/kwɐi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kwăi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwaai³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʷˤrə-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*kruːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	怪
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guài
Middle Chinese	‹ kwɛj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ʷˁrə-s/
English	extraordinary
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	怪
Reading #	1/1
No.	7501
Phonetic component	圣
Rime group	隊
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	怪
Old Chinese	/*kruːds/

Definitions

怪

strange, odd, unusual, peculiar, out-of-the-ordinary, weird, queer
很怪的人 ― hěn guài de rén ― very weird person
味道有點怪。／味道有点怪。 ― Wèidào yǒudiǎn guài. ― It tastes funny.
to blame someone, to put the blame on
別怪他。／别怪他。 ― Bié guài tā. ― Don't blame him.
quite, rather
(video games) Short for 怪物 (guàiwu, “monster, a non-player character that player(s) fight against in role-playing games”).
打怪 ― dǎguài ― to fight against monsters
(slang, suffix) Short for 怪物 (guàiwu, “monster”). Often used affectionately for people of a trait.
嚶嚶怪／嘤嘤怪 ― yīngyīngguài ― a person who likes to act cute and use 嚶嚶
白嫖怪 ― báipiáoguài ― a person who supports another idol or creator but doesn't make any expenditure to them

Synonyms

異／异 (yì), 奇 (qí), 妖 (yāo)

Compounds

Derived terms from 怪

休怪
作怪 (zuòguài)
光怪 (guāngguài)
八怪七喇
千奇百怪 (qiānqíbǎiguài)
千鬼百怪
古怪 (gǔguài)
可怪
可煞作怪
咄咄怪事 (duōduōguàishì)
嗔怪 (chēnguài)
天奇地怪
奇奇怪怪 (qíqíguàiguài)
奇峰怪石
奇怪 (qíguài)
妖怪 (yāoguài)
妖魔鬼怪 (yāomóguǐguài)
希奇古怪
志怪 (zhìguài)
怪不得 (guàibude)
怪不的
怪事 (guàishì)
怪人 (guàirén)
怪俊的
怪僻 (guàipì)
怪哉 (guàizāi)
怪底
怪恨
怪手 (guàishǒu)
怪物 (guàiwu)
怪物相
怪特
怪生
怪疑
怪病 (guàibìng)
怪癖 (guàipǐ)
怪石
怪石嶙峋
怪笑 (guàixiào)
怪罪 (guàizuì)
怪胎 (guàitāi)
怪象
怪道
恬不知怪
成妖作怪
成精作怪
才怪 (cáiguài)
捏怪
捏怪排科

揣歪捏怪
搜奇抉怪
搞怪
牛心古怪
狂朋怪友
狡怪 (káu-koài)
珍怪
瑰怪
生妖作怪
疑怪
神奇荒怪
神妖鬼怪
神怪 (shénguài)
稀奇古怪 (xīqí gǔguài)
精奇古怪
精怪 (jīngguài)
莫怪
鬼怪 (guǐguài)
魔怪 (móguài)
凶怪
上門怪人／上门怪人
不見怪／不见怪
不足為怪／不足为怪 (bùzúwéiguài)
偏怪題／偏怪题
光怪陸離／光怪陆离 (guāngguàilùlí)
刁鑽古怪／刁钻古怪
古怪機靈／古怪机灵
古怪精靈／古怪精灵
古怪脾氣／古怪脾气
古裡古怪／古里古怪
古靈精怪／古灵精怪 (gǔlíngjīngguài)
喬聲怪氣／乔声怪气
大驚小怪／大惊小怪 (dàjīngxiǎoguài)
天災物怪／天灾物怪
失張倒怪／失张倒怪
失驚打怪／失惊打怪
奇形怪狀／奇形怪状 (qíxíngguàizhuàng)
奇談怪論／奇谈怪论
妖形怪狀／妖形怪状
少見多怪／少见多怪 (shǎojiànduōguài)
志怪小說／志怪小说
怪傑／怪杰 (guàijié)
怪力亂神／怪力乱神 (guàilìluànshén)
怪模怪樣／怪模怪样 (guàimúguàiyàng)
怪樣子／怪样子
怪沒意思／怪没意思
怪狀／怪状
怪獸／怪兽 (guàishòu)
怪異／怪异 (guàiyì)

怪聲／怪声
怪腔怪調／怪腔怪调
怪膩的／怪腻的
怪處／怪处
怪裡怪氣／怪里怪气 (guàiliguàiqì)
怪話／怪话
怪誕／怪诞 (guàidàn)
怪誕不經／怪诞不经
怪誕劇／怪诞剧
怪談／怪谈 (guàitán)
怪譎／怪谲
怪責／怪责
怪頭／怪头
恬不為怪／恬不为怪
揚州八怪／扬州八怪
斷怪除妖／断怪除妖
歸奇顧怪／归奇顾怪
殊形怪狀／殊形怪状
無怪／无怪 (wúguài)
瑰禽怪獸／瑰禽怪兽
疢頭怪腦／疢头怪脑
精靈古怪／精灵古怪
素隱行怪／素隐行怪
索隱行怪／索隐行怪
經濟怪獸／经济怪兽
興妖作怪／兴妖作怪
荒怪不經／荒怪不经
見怪／见怪 (jiànguài)
見怪不怪／见怪不怪 (jiànguàibùguài)
詭形怪狀／诡形怪状
詭怪／诡怪
詭怪奇譎／诡怪奇谲
詭譎怪誕／诡谲怪诞
說也奇怪／说也奇怪
調風貼怪／调风贴怪
譎怪之談／谲怪之谈
責怪／责怪 (zéguài)
迂怪不經／迂怪不经
醜八怪／丑八怪 (chǒubāguài)
醜巴怪／丑巴怪
醜頭怪臉／丑头怪脸
錯怪／错怪 (cuòguài)
陰陽怪氣／阴阳怪气 (yīnyángguàiqì)
陸離光怪／陆离光怪
難怪／难怪 (nánguài)
靈怪／灵怪
駭怪／骇怪
驚怪／惊怪 (jīngguài)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (怪):

→ Japanese: 怪(かい) (kai)
→ Vietnamese: quái (怪)

References

“怪”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

怪

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

mysterious

Readings

Go-on: け (ke)^{←け (ke, historical)}^{←くゑ (kwe, ancient)}
Kan-on: かい (kai, Jōyō)^{←くわい (kwai, historical)}
Kun: あやしい (ayashii, 怪しい, Jōyō); あやしむ (ayashimu, 怪しむ, Jōyō)
Nanori: やす (yasu); よし (yoshi)

Compounds

怪(かい)獣(じゅう) (kaijū): monster
怪(かい)猫(びょう) (kaibyō): a monster cat
怪(け)我(が) (kega): an injury, a wound
怪(かい)傑(けつ) (kaiketsu): an extraordinary person
怪(かい)盗(とう) (kaitō): a phantom thief

Kanji in this term
怪
かい Grade: S
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 怪 (kwɛj^H).

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Kan’on

(Tokyo) かい [káꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [ka̠i]

Affix

怪(かい) • (kai) ^{←くわい (kwai)^?}

strange; suspicious
mysterious; wonderful
extraordinary; unusual

Noun

怪(かい) • (kai) ^{←くわい (kwai)^?}

strangeness

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 怪 (MC kˠuɛi^H).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 괭〮 (Yale: kwáy) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 괴 (kwoy) (Yale: kwoy) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

(in 怪怪, 怪常, 怪惡, 怪異 and 怪歎):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kwe̞] ~ [kø̞]
- Phonetic hangul: [궤/괴]
(strange; odd; unusual; peculiar):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kwe̞(ː)] ~ [kø̞(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [궤(ː)/괴(ː)]
  - Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource怪 (eumhun 괴이할 괴 (goeihal goe))

Hanja form^? of 괴 (“strange; odd; unusual; peculiar”).

Compounds

괴걸 (怪傑, goegeol)
괴질 (怪疾, goejil)
해괴 (駭怪, haegoe)
기괴 (奇怪, gigoe)
괴상 (怪常, goesang)
괴한 (怪漢, goehan)
괴담 (怪談, goedam)
요괴 (妖怪, yogoe)
괴력 (怪力, goeryeok)
가괴 (可怪, gagoe)
괴이 (怪異, goei)
괴조 (怪鳥, goejo)
과수 (怪獸, gwasu)
괴물 (怪物, goemul)
괴상 (怪狀, goesang)
변괴 (變怪, byeon'goe)
괴술 (怪術, goesul)
고괴 (古怪, gogoe)
괴변 (怪變, goebyeon)
괴운 (怪雲, goe'un)
괴귀 (怪鬼, goegwi)
괴문 (怪聞, goemun)
괴악 (怪惡, goeak)
괴암 (怪巖, goeam)
괴우 (怪雨, goe'u)
괴인 (怪人, goein)
괴충 (怪蟲, goechung)
괴특 (怪特, goeteuk)
무괴 (無怪, mugoe)
물괴 (物怪, mulgoe)
흉괴 (凶怪, hyunggoe)
괴괴 (怪怪, goegoe)
괴기 (怪奇, goegi)
괴잡 (怪雜, goejap)
괴의 (怪疑, goe'ui)
험괴 (險怪, heomgoe)
괴벽 (怪癖, goebyeok)
괴설 (怪說, goeseol)
괴광 (怪光, goegwang)
괴동 (怪童, goedong)
괴사 (怪死, goesa)
괴선 (怪船, goeseon)
괴안 (怪案, goean)
괴언 (怪言, goeeon)
괴용 (怪勇, goeyong)
괴행 (怪行, goehaeng)
괴화 (怪火, goehwa)
극괴 (極怪, geukgoe)
신괴 (神怪, sin'goe)
광괴 (狂怪, gwanggoe)
괴교 (怪巧, goegyo)
괴금 (怪禽, goegeum)
괴도 (怪盜, goedo)
괴망 (怪妄, goemang)
괴몽 (怪夢, goemong)
괴사 (怪辭, goesa)
괴탄 (怪誕, goetan)
수괴 (殊怪, sugoe)
영괴 (靈怪, yeonggoe)
진괴 (珍怪, jin'goe)
추괴 (醜怪, chugoe)
괴마 (怪魔, goema)
괴우 (怪迂, goe'u)
궤괴 (詭怪, gwegoe)
환괴 (幻怪, hwan'goe)
괴아 (怪訝, goea)
해괴망측 (駭怪罔測, haegoemangcheuk)
기괴망측 (奇怪罔測, gigoemangcheuk)
기괴천만 (奇怪千萬, gigoecheonman)
괴악망측 (怪惡罔測, goeangmangcheuk)
괴괴망측 (怪怪罔測, goegoemangcheuk)
괴상망측 (怪常罔測, goesangmangcheuk)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

怪: Hán Nôm readings: quái

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[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN