復生

復生

Chinese

		again; recover; reply to a letter again; recover; reply to a letter; to repeat; to duplicate	to be born; to give birth; life to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; student; raw
trad. (復生)		復	生
simp. (复生)		复	生

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fùshēng

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ ㄕㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk⁶ sang¹, fau⁶ sang¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fùshēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄕㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fùsheng
    • Wade–Giles: fu⁴-shêng¹
    • Yale: fù-shēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuhsheng
    • Palladius: фушэн (fušɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: fuk⁶ sang¹, fau⁶ sang¹
    • Yale: fuhk sāng, fauh sāng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fuk⁹ sang¹, fau⁶ sang¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: fug⁶ seng¹, feo⁶ seng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊk̚² sɐŋ⁵⁵/, /fɐu̯²² sɐŋ⁵⁵/

Note: fau6 sang1 - rare.

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• Middle Chinese: /bɨuk̚  ʃˠæŋ|ʃˠæŋ^H/

Rime
Character	復	生	生
Reading #	2/2	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	生 (21)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	東 (4)	庚 (109)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	II	II
Fanqie	房六切	所庚切	所敬切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨuk̚/	/ʃˠæŋ/	/ʃˠæŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/biuk̚/	/ʃᵚaŋ/	/ʃᵚaŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/biuk̚/	/ʃaŋ/	/ʃaŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buwk̚/	/ʂaɨjŋ/	/ʂaɨjŋH/
Li Rong	/biuk̚/	/ʃɐŋ/	/ʃɐŋH/
Wang Li	/bĭuk̚/	/ʃɐŋ/	/ʃɐŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯uk̚/	/ʂɐŋ/	/ʂɐŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fú	shēng	shèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fuk6	sang1	sang3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-p(r)uk  sreŋ|sreŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*buɡ  sʰleːŋ|sreŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	復	生	生
Reading #	2/2	1/3	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fù	shēng	shēng
Middle Chinese	‹ bjuwk ›	‹ sræng ›	‹ srjæng ›
Old Chinese	/*m-p(r)uk/	/*sreŋ/ (MC srj- > sr-; or *s.reŋ ?)	/*sreŋ/ (or *s.reŋ ?)
English	return	bear, be born; live	bear, be born; live
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	復	生	生
Reading #	2/2	1/2	2/2
No.	3550	11312	11322
Phonetic component	复	生	生
Rime group	覺	耕	耕
Rime subdivision	1	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	伏	生	生
Old Chinese	/*buɡ/	/*sʰleːŋ/	/*sreŋs/

Verb

復生

1. (intransitive) to come back to life

   • 亡國不可以復存，死者不可以復生。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     亡国不可以复存，死者不可以复生。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Art of War, circa 5^th century BCE

     Wángguó bù kěyǐ fù cún, sǐzhě bù kěyǐ fùshēng. [Pinyin]

     The perished states cannot be refounded, and the dead cannot come back to life.

   • 又信聖神；大公聖會，聖徒相通；罪得赦宥；身體復生；後享永生，誠心所願。 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
     又信圣神；大公圣会，圣徒相通；罪得赦宥；身体复生；后享永生，诚心所愿。 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]

     From: 使徒信經 (Apostles' Creed), in 禮賢會規定禮文

     jau⁶ seon³ sing³ san⁴; daai⁶ gung¹ sing³ wui⁶, sing³ tou⁴ soeng¹ tung¹; zeoi⁶ dak¹ se³ jau⁶; san¹ tai² fau⁶ sang¹; hau⁶ hoeng² wing⁵ sang¹, sing⁴ sam¹ so² jyun⁶. [Jyutping]

     I believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy catholic church, the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting. Amen.

Synonyms

edit

回生 (huíshēng) 殅 (shēng) (literary) 翻生 (Cantonese, Hakka, Min Bei, Teochew)

復活／复活 (fùhuó) 甦／苏 (sū) (literary) 閣活／阁活 (Min Nan)