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单词 得る
释义

得る

Japanese

Etymology

Kanji in this term

Grade: 5
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
(uncommon)

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Man'yōshū of 759.[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) [éꜜrù] (Atamadaka – [1])[2][3]
  • IPA(key): [e̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "得る"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
得る[éꜜrù]
Imperative (命令形)得ろ[éꜜrò]
Key constructions
Passive得られるられ[èráréꜜrù]
Causative得させるさせ[èsáséꜜrù]
Potential得る[éꜜrù]
Volitional得よう[èyóꜜò]
Negative得ないない[éꜜnàì]
Negative perfective得なかったなかった[éꜜnàkàttà]
Formal得ます[èmáꜜsù]
Perfective得た[éꜜtà]
Conjunctive得て[éꜜtè]
Hypothetical conditional得ればれば[éꜜrèbà]

Verb

() (eru) transitive ichidan (stem () (e), past () (eta))

  1. [from 759] to get, acquire, gain, obtain, win, catch
  2. [from 1073] (following a verb in the attributive conjugation plus particle (o) or abstract noun (koto, fact, instance, occurrence)) to be able to, can (compare English get to do)
  3. [from 1073] (by extension; in the form ざるを()ない (-zaru o enai) following the imperfective form of a verb) cannot help but doing, cannot but do

Conjugation

Synonyms

  • 獲得(かくとく)する (kakutokusuru)
  • 取得(しゅとく)する (shutokusuru)
  • ()()れる (te ni ireru)
  • ゲット (getto)

Antonyms

  • (うしな) (ushinau, lose)
  • ()くす (nakusu, lose)

See also

  • () (toru)
  • 出来(でき) (dekiru)

Suffix

() (-uru) 

  1. [from 759] to be able to, -able
    出来(でき)()(かぎ)吾輩(わがはい)()れてくれた主人(しゅじん)(そば)にいる(こと)をつとめた。
    Dekiuru kagiri wagahai o irete kureta shujin no soba ni iru koto o tsutometa.
    I tried to be at the side of the master who let me in as much as possible.

Conjugation

References

  1. 得・獲”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
  2. 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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