很
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Translingual
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Han character
很 (Kangxi radical 60, 彳+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹人日女 (HOAV), four-corner 27232, composition ⿰彳艮)
Derived characters
- 䓳
References
- KangXi: page 366, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10093
- Dae Jaweon: page 687, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 822, character 1
- Unihan data for U+5F88
Chinese
| simp. and trad. | 很 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (艮) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 艱 | *krɯːn |
| 齦 | *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn |
| 眼 | *ŋrɯːnʔ |
| 蛝 | *ɡrɯːn |
| 限 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 硍 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 豤 | *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn |
| 詪 | *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns |
| 根 | *kɯːn |
| 跟 | *kɯːn |
| 珢 | *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn |
| 艮 | *kɯːns |
| 茛 | *kɯːns |
| 墾 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| 懇 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| 垠 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn |
| 泿 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn |
| 痕 | *ɡɯːn |
| 拫 | *ɡɯːn |
| 鞎 | *ɡɯːn |
| 很 | *ɡɯːnʔ |
| 恨 | *ɡɯːns |
| 銀 | *ŋrɯn |
| 檭 | *ŋrɯn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯːnʔ) : semantic 彳 + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).
Etymology
“Cruel (~ 狠); to disobey; to defy” > “very; quite” (since Yuan dynasty). Compare 蠻／蛮 (mán).
Pronunciation
Definitions
很
- † to disobey; to defy
- to try to one's utmost
- † Alternative form of 狠 (hěn, “cruel; savage; inhumane”).
- † struggle; dispute
- very; rather; quite
- 他很高興。／他很高兴。 ― Tā hěn gāoxìng. ― He is very pleased.
- 我很喜歡。／我很喜欢。 ― Wǒ hěn xǐhuān. ― I like it very much.
- 我喜歡得很。／我喜欢得很。 ― Wǒ xǐhuān de hěn. ― I like it very much.
- (especially before monosyllabic adjectives) (no meaning, see usage note)
- 我很好。 ― Wǒ hěn hǎo. ― I'm good. (no intensification)
Usage notes
- Mandarin speakers have a strong tendency to avoid monosyllabic terms. In order to satisfy this restriction, 很 is added before monosyllabic adjectives without any actual meaning. Similarly, Chinese people with monosyllabic first names will usually be addressed by their full name, even by their parents.
- Such usage of 很 is not uncommon before other adjectives as well, to the point where forming a sentence without 很 may be perceived as very unnatural. Additionally, using an adjective as a predicate without 很 might carry notions of a comparative statement, e.g. '我好' could be interpreted as 'I am good [unlike some other person that was mentioned]'.
Synonyms
- (very):
edit
Synonyms of 很
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Dialectal synonyms of 很 (“very”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 甚, 孔 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 很, 非常, 十分 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 挺, 很, 倍兒, 怪 |
| Taiwan | 很, 好, 非常, 超, 蠻, 超級 | |
| Tianjin | 挺, 很, 傻, 老, 倍兒, 齁兒 | |
| Jinan | 挺, 楞 | |
| Xi'an | 很 | |
| Wuhan | 蠻, 很 | |
| Chengdu | 很, 好 | |
| Chongqing | 很 | |
| Yangzhou | 蠻, 稀, 很 | |
| Hefei | 很 | |
| Malaysia | 很 | |
| Singapore | 很, 蠻, 非常 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 好, 非常之 |
| Hong Kong | 好, 非常, 非常之, 超, 勁, 十分之 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 好 | |
| Taishan | 好, 十分之 | |
| Yangjiang | 好 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 好 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 好, 非常之, 非常 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 蠻 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 好, 刮, 已, 還, 異, 還 exclamation |
| Huidong (Daling) | 好 | |
| Wuhua (Meilin) | 好 | |
| Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 頂 | |
| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 好 | |
| Changting | 野 | |
| Wuping (Pingyu) | 已, 刮 | |
| Liancheng | 樣 | |
| Ninghua | 好 | |
| Ruijin | 蠻 | |
| Shicheng | 蠻 | |
| Shangyou (Shexi) | 蠻 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 當, 已, 還 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 蓋, 盡, 還 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 當, 盡, 已, 還 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 當, 已, 還 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 當, 已, 還 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 足, 真, 實在 | |
| Hong Kong | 好 | |
| Sabah (Bao'an) | 好 | |
| Kuching (Hepo) | 很 | |
| Singapore (Dabu) | 好 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 很, 挺 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 盡 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 野, 真 |
| Singapore (Fuqing) | 真 | |
| Manjung (Gutian) | 真 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人, 非常, 真正 |
| Xiamen (Tong'an) | 真 | |
| Quanzhou | 真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人 | |
| Jinjiang | 野 | |
| Zhangzhou | 盡, 蓋, 足, 足範, 有夠, 出奇, 極死, 見死, 死了了, 死人 | |
| Zhao'an | 很, 真, 死絕, 好, 非常 | |
| Dongshan | 真, 非常 | |
| Taipei | 真, 誠 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 真, 誠 | |
| Kaohsiung | 有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋 | |
| Yilan | 有夠, 足, 誠, 盡 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 真, 誠 | |
| Taichung | 誠, 蓋, 足 | |
| Tainan | 有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋 | |
| Hsinchu | 真, 誠 | |
| Kinmen | 足, 誠 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 真, 誠 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 真, 誠, 真正 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 真, 死爸, 真正, 誠, 足, 有夠 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 野, 真, 萬代, 真正 | |
| Chaozhou | 過, 好, 非常, 死爸 | |
| Shantou | 過, 鐵, 好, 很, 死爸, 死絕 | |
| Shantou (Chenghai) | 好, 死絕 | |
| Shantou (Chaoyang) | 好, 非常 | |
| Jieyang | 過, 好, 死爸, 死絕 | |
| Bangkok (Teochew) | 好 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 好 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 真, 死爸, 非常 | |
| Wenchang | 極, 但顧, 真 | |
| Haikou | 但顧 | |
| Qionghai | 但顧, 真 | |
| Singapore (Hainanese) | 但顧, 真 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 蠻, 老, 邪氣, 老老, 瞎, 絕, 十分, 十二萬分, 非常, 非常之, 畢, 畢畢, 來得, 來得個, 煞, 交關, 十二分 rare, 窮 dated, 野 dated, 邪 dated |
| Suzhou | 蠻 | |
| Ningbo | 交關, 蠻, 堪, 𠊉好, 𠊉派, 甮派, 出格, 木牢牢 rare, 猛 rare | |
| Zhoushan | 交關, 蠻, 猛, 堪, 出格, 木牢牢 rare | |
| Wenzhou | 蠻, 蒙, 顯 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 很, 蠻 |
| Shuangfeng | 蠻 | |
See also
- 太 (tài)
Compounds
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Japanese
Kanji
很
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)
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Readings
- Go-on: ごん (gon)
- Kan-on: こん (kon)
- Kun: もとる (motoru, 很る)
Korean
Hanja
很 (eumhun 패려궂을 흔 (paeryeogujeul heun))
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Vietnamese
Han character
很: Hán Nôm readings: ngận, hẩn
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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