往

See also: 徃 and 住

往	U+5F80, 往 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F80

← 彿
[U+5F7F]

CJK Unified Ideographs

征 →
[U+5F81]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

往 (Kangxi radical 60, 彳+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹人卜土 (HOYG), four-corner 2021₄, composition ⿰彳主)

Derived characters

𠉫, 𠗤, 𢛛, 𣶂, 暀, 𥆜, 𫃮, 𬻯, 𭈕, 𥯂, 𮤵, 𤷮

References

KangXi: page 365, character 32
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10073
Dae Jaweon: page 685, character 23
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 817, character 6
Unihan data for U+5F80

Chinese

simp. and trad.		往
alternative forms		徃𢓸㞷𢔎迬徃𢓸㞷𢔎迬𨓹徍𧗧

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 往
Shang	Western Zhou	Spring and Autumn	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Ancient script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (往) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
暀	ɢʷaŋs, ɢʷaŋʔ, *ɢʷaŋs
誑	kʷaŋs, ɡʷaŋ, *kʷaŋs
枉	*qʷaŋʔ
往	*ɢʷaŋ

Originally phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷaŋ) : semantic 止 (“foot”) + phonetic 王 (OC *ɢʷaŋ, *ɢʷaŋs). Later 彳 was added to form phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷaŋ) : semantic 彳 (“walk”) + semantic 止 (“foot”) + phonetic 王 (OC *ɢʷaŋ, *ɢʷaŋs).

The 止 and 王 have since fused into 㞷 and now 主.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-wa-ŋ (“to go; to come”). Cognate with Burmese ဝင် (wang, “to come in; to enter”), Tibetan འོང ('ong, “to come”), ཡོང (yong, “to come”). Related to 于 (OC *ɢʷa, “to go”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): wǎng, wàng (wang³, wang⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄨㄤˇ, ㄨㄤˋ
(Chengdu, SP): wang³
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): вон (von, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): wong⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): uong³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): vông
(Meixian, Guangdong): vong¹
Jin (Wiktionary): von²
Min Bei (KCR): uǎng
Min Dong (BUC): uōng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): óng / éng
(Teochew, Peng'im): uang²
Wu (Wiktionary): uaan (T2)
Xiang (Wiktionary): uan³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese and Beijing dialect)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wǎng
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wǎng
  - Wade–Giles: wang³
  - Yale: wǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woang
  - Palladius: ван (van)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɑŋ²¹⁴/
- (Beijing dialect)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wàng
  - Wade–Giles: wang⁴
  - Yale: wàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wanq
  - Palladius: ван (van)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɑŋ⁵¹/

Note: wàng - used as a preposition, not used in compounds. Also written as 望.

- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: wang³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: uong
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ⁵³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: вон (von, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vɑŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wong⁵
  - Yale: wóhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wong⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: wong⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔːŋ¹³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: uong³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uɔŋ²¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vông
  - Hakka Romanization System: vong´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: vong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /voŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: vong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ʋɔŋ⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: von²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /vɒ̃⁵³/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: uǎng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ²¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: uōng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uoŋ³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: óng
  - Tâi-lô: óng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: orng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /ɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: éng
  - Tâi-lô: íng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: eang
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɪŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɪŋ⁵³/

Note:

óng - literary;
éng - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: uang²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ⁵²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: uaan (T2)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɯɑ̃³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: uan³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uan⁴¹/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 往 (來往)
Mandarin	Beijing	/uɑŋ²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/uaŋ²¹³/
	Tianjin	/vɑŋ¹³/
	Jinan	/vaŋ⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/vaŋ⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/uaŋ⁵³/
	Xi'an	/vaŋ⁵³/
	Xining	/uɔ̃⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/vɑŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/vɑ̃⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/vɑŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/uaŋ⁴²/
	Chengdu	/uaŋ⁵³/
	Guiyang	/uaŋ⁴²/
	Kunming	/uã̠⁵³/
	Nanjing	/uaŋ²¹²/
	Hefei	/uɑ̃²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/vɒ̃⁵³/
	Pingyao	/uɑŋ⁵³/ /uə⁵³/ ～南
	Hohhot	/vɑ̃⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/uɑ̃³⁵/
	Suzhou	/uɑ̃⁵¹/
	Hangzhou	/ʔuɑŋ⁵³/
	Wenzhou	/jyɔ³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/o³⁵/
Hui	Tunxi	/au³¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/uan⁴¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/uɔn⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/uɔŋ²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/voŋ⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/voŋ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/wɔŋ²³/
	Nanning	/wɔŋ²⁴/
	Hong Kong	/wɔŋ¹³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/ɔŋ⁵³/ /iŋ⁵³/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/uoŋ³²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/uaŋ³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/uaŋ⁵³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/uaŋ²¹³/

Middle Chinese: /ɦʉɐŋ^X/

Rime
Character	往
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	于兩切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʉɐŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷiɐŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuɑŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuaŋ^X/
Li Rong	/ɣiuaŋ^X/
Wang Li	/ɣĭwaŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/iwaŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wǎng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wong⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷaŋʔ/
(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	往
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wǎng
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwang^X ›
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷaŋʔ/
English	go to
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	往
Reading #	1/1
No.	12760
Phonetic component	往
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	往
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷaŋ/
Notes	甲文乃從止王聲

Definitions

往

to go to; to head for
往返 ― wǎngfǎn ― to travel to and from
past; previous
往事 ― wǎngshì ― past events
往昔 ― wǎngxī ― in the past
to; towards
上海飛往北京的航班 [MSC, trad.]
上海飞往北京的航班 [MSC, simp.]
Shànghǎi fēi wǎng Běijīng de hángbān [Pinyin]
a flight from Shanghai to Beijing
我往右拐的。 ― Wǒ wǎng yòu guǎi de. ― I turned right.
不要往河裡扔石頭。 [MSC, trad.]
不要往河里扔石头。 [MSC, simp.]
Bùyào wǎng hé lǐ rēng shítóu. [Pinyin]
Don't throw rocks into the river.
他們往小鎮方向去了。 [MSC, trad.]
他们往小镇方向去了。 [MSC, simp.]
Tāmen wǎng xiǎo zhèn fāngxiàng qù le. [Pinyin]
They made their way toward the town.

Synonyms

向 (xiàng)

Compounds

Derived terms from 往

一如既往 (yīrújìwǎng)
一往情深 (yīwǎngqíngshēn)
一往直前 (yīwǎngzhíqián)
不咎既往 (bùjiùjìwǎng)
不溯既往
交往 (jiāowǎng)
令人神往
以往 (yǐwǎng)
前往 (qiánwǎng)
勇往直前 (yǒngwǎngzhíqián)
向往
夙心往志
已往 (yǐwǎng)
往事 (wǎngshì)
往例
往初
往前 (wǎngqián)
往古
往哲 (wǎngzhé)
往常 (wǎngcháng)
往年 (wǎngnián)
往往 (wǎngwǎng)
往日 (wǎngrì)
往昔 (wǎngxī)
往生 (wǎngshēng)
往者 (wǎngzhě)
往返 (wǎngfǎn)
悠然神往
既往不咎 (jìwǎngbùjiù)
神往 (shénwǎng)
躬往
送往事居
通往 (tōngwǎng)
一來一往／一来一往 (yīláiyīwǎng)
一往無前／一往无前 (yīwǎngwúqián)

不相來往／不相来往
不相往來／不相往来
人來人往／人来人往
人來客往／人来客往
今來古往／今来古往
以往鑒來／以往鉴来
你來我往／你来我往
來來往往／来来往往
來往／来往 (láiwǎng)
倏來忽往／倏来忽往
前塵往事／前尘往事 (qiánchénwǎngshì)
南來北往／南来北往
古往今來／古往今来 (gǔwǎngjīnlái)
否往泰來／否往泰来
嚮往／向往 (xiàngwǎng)
夢往神遊／梦往神游
大來大往／大来大往
寒來暑往／寒来暑往
小往大來／小往大来
彰往察來／彰往察来
往來／往来 (wǎnglái)
往來如織／往来如织
往古來今／往古来今
往常間／往常间
往後／往后 (wǎnghòu)
往復／往复 (wǎngfù)
往時／往时 (wǎngshí)
往生論／往生论
往還／往还
徒勞往返／徒劳往返
心嚮往之／心向往之
心往神馳／心往神驰
心馳神往／心驰神往
意往神馳／意往神驰
拔來報往／拔来报往

數往知來／数往知来
斷絕往來／断绝往来
日往月來／日往月来
日浹往來／日浃往来
明來暗往／明来暗往
暑來寒往／暑来寒往
暑往寒來／暑往寒来
有來有往／有来有往 (yǒuláiyǒuwǎng)
泰來否往／泰来否往
無往不利／无往不利 (wúwǎngbùlì)
熙來攘往／熙来攘往 (xīláirǎngwǎng)
獨來獨往／独来独往 (dúláidúwǎng)
獨往／独往
獨往獨來／独往独来
發往／发往
直來直往／直来直往
知來藏往／知来藏往
知往鑒今／知往鉴今
禮尚往來／礼尚往来 (lǐshàngwǎnglái)
禮節往來／礼节往来
繼往開來／继往开来 (jìwǎngkāilái)
英姿邁往／英姿迈往
英特邁往／英特迈往
虛往實歸／虚往实归
親往／亲往 (qīnwǎng)
觀往知來／观往知来
迎來送往／迎来送往
送往迎來／送往迎来
過往／过往 (guòwǎng)
過此以往／过此以往
邁往／迈往
鑑往知來／鉴往知来
鑒往知來／鉴往知来
長此以往／长此以往 (chángcǐyǐwǎng)
飛往／飞往

References

“往”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

往

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: おう (ō, Jōyō)^{←わう (wau, historical)}
Kan-on: おう (ō, Jōyō)^{←わう (wau, historical)}
Kun: いく (iku, 往く); いにしえ (inishie, 往); さきに (sakini, 往に); ゆく (yuku, 往く)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
往
おう Grade: 5
on’yomi

*/waŋ/ → /wau/ → /ɔː/ → /oː/

From Middle Chinese 往 (MC ɦʉɐŋ^X).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [o̞ː]

Affix

往(おう) • (ō) ^{←わう (wau)^?}

to go to, to head for
past, previous

Korean

Hanja

往 (eumhun 갈 왕 (gal wang))

Hanja form^? of 왕 (“to go to”).

Compounds

왕래 (往來, wangnae, “traffic, coming and going”)
왕년 (往年, wangnyeon, “former, once”)
왕복 (往復, wangbok, “a round trip, going back and forth”)

Vietnamese

Han character

往: Hán Nôm readings: vãng, vạng, vảng, vởn, váng, vãn

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation