彼処
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
彼 | 処 |
あし Grade: S | こ Grade: 6 |
Irregular |
From Old Japanese. Appears to be a compound of 彼 (a, “that one over there”, distal marker, indicating something distant from both speaker and listener) + し (shi, unknown, possibly a possessive) + 処 (ko, “place”). May be the older form of modern asoko below.[1]
Pronunciation
- (Irregular reading)
- (Tokyo) あしこ [àshíkó] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA(key): [a̠ɕiko̞]
Pronoun
彼処 (hiragana あしこ, rōmaji ashiko)
- (obsolete) yon place, that place yonder, that place over there, that area over there, that part over there
- c. 1001–1014, Murasaki Shikibu, Genji Monogatari (Wakana, part 1)
- 彼処に籠りなむのち
- ashiko ni komorinamu nochi
- ...after hiding there...
- 彼処に籠りなむのち
- c. 1001–1014, Murasaki Shikibu, Genji Monogatari (Wakana, part 1)
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
彼 | 処 |
あそ Grade: S | こ Grade: 6 |
Irregular |
Shift in pronunciation from ashiko above,[1] probably influenced by そこ (soko).
Pronunciation
- (Irregular reading)
- (Tokyo) あそこ [àsókó] (Heiban – [0])[2]
- IPA(key): [a̠so̞ko̞]
Pronoun
彼処 (hiragana あそこ, rōmaji asoko)
- yon place, that place yonder, that place over there, that area over there, that part over there
Usage notes
The reading asoko is the most commonly used in modern Japanese.
The hiragana spelling あそこ is almost always used. The kanji use is rare.
See also
ko- “this” (close to speaker) | so- “that” (close to listener) | a- “that over there” (far from both) | do- “which” (indeterminate, question) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Object | これ (kore) | それ (sore) | あれ (are) | どれ (dore) |
これら (korera) | それら (sorera) | あれら (arera) | — | |
Determiner | この (kono) | その (sono) | あの (ano) | どの (dono) |
これらの (korera no) | それらの (sorera no) | あれらの (arera no) | — | |
Kind | こんな (konna) | そんな (sonna) | あんな (anna) | どんな (donna) |
Place | ここ (koko) | そこ (soko) | あそこ (asoko)* | どこ (doko) |
Direction | こちら (kochira) | そちら (sochira) | あちら (achira) | どちら (dochira) |
こっち (kotchi) | そっち (sotchi) | あっち (atchi) | どっち (dotchi) | |
Human | こいつ (koitsu) | そいつ (soitsu) | あいつ (aitsu) | どいつ (doitsu) |
Manner | こう (kō) | そう (sō) | ああ (ā)** | どう (dō) |
* irregular ** regular (long vowel) |
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
彼 | 処 |
あ Grade: S | こ Grade: 6 |
kun’yomi |
Appears to be a compound of 彼 (a, “that one over there”, distal marker, indicating something distant from both speaker and listener) + 処 (ko, “place”).[1][2] First appears in the late 1500s, early 1600s,[2] and used mostly in the Kansai region.[2][3] Given the historical tendency for innovation in the Kansai region, the term may instead derive as an abbreviation of asoko above, by analogy with the -ko suffix in ここ (koko, “here”) and そこ (soko, “there”, closer to the listener than to the speaker).
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) あこ [áꜜkò] (Atamadaka – [1])
- IPA(key): [a̠ko̞]
Pronoun
彼処 (hiragana あこ, rōmaji ako)
- (dialectal) yon place, that place yonder, that place over there, that area over there, that part over there
Usage notes
Generally only used in the Kansai region.
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
彼 | 処 |
あす Grade: S | こ Grade: 6 |
Irregular |
Shift in pronunciation from asoko above.[2]
Pronunciation
- (Irregular reading)
- (Tokyo) あすこ [àsúkó] (Heiban – [0])[2]
- IPA(key): [a̠sɨᵝko̞]
Pronoun
彼処 (hiragana あすこ, rōmaji asuko)
- (rare) yon place, that place yonder, that place over there, that area over there, that part over there
Etymology 5
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
彼 | 処 |
か Grade: S | こ Grade: 6 |
kun’yomi |
Compound of 彼 (ka, “that one over there”, distal marker, indicating something distant from both speaker and listener) + 処 (ko, “place”).
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- IPA(key): [ka̠ko̞]
Pronoun
彼処 (hiragana かこ, rōmaji kako)
- (rare, obsolete) yon place, that place yonder, that place over there, that area over there, that part over there
- 1483, 地蔵菩薩霊験絵詞 (Jizō Bosatsu Reiken Eshi, “Jizō Bodhisattva Miracle Picture-scroll”)
- 彼処を退き去る也
- kako o sokisaru nari
- ...[he] left that place...
- 彼処を退き去る也
- 1483, 地蔵菩薩霊験絵詞 (Jizō Bosatsu Reiken Eshi, “Jizō Bodhisattva Miracle Picture-scroll”)
Etymology 6
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
彼 | 処 |
かし Grade: S | こ Grade: 6 |
Irregular |
Appears to be a compound of 彼 (ka, “that one over there”, distal marker, indicating something distant from both speaker and listener) + し (shi, unknown, possibly a possessive) + 処 (ko, “place”).
Pronunciation
- (Irregular reading)
- (Tokyo) かしこ [káꜜshìkò] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
- IPA(key): [ka̠ɕiko̞]
Pronoun
彼処 (hiragana かしこ, rōmaji kashiko)
- (rare) yon place, that place yonder, that place over there, that area over there, that part over there
- (rare) that aforementioned place
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN