弾く

弾く

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
弾
ひ Grade: S
kun’yomi

Derived from 引 (ひ)く (hiku, “to pull”).

Verb

弾く (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 彈く, transitive, godan conjugation, hiragana ひく, rōmaji hiku)

1. play (a stringed or keyboard musical instrument)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "弾く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	弾か	ひか	hika
Continuative (連用形)	弾き	ひき	hiki
Terminal (終止形)	弾く	ひく	hiku
Attributive (連体形)	弾く	ひく	hiku
Hypothetical (仮定形)	弾け	ひけ	hike
Imperative (命令形)	弾け	ひけ	hike
Key constructions
Passive	弾かれる	ひかれる	hikareru
Causative	弾かせる 弾かす	ひかせる ひかす	hikaseru hikasu
Potential	弾ける	ひける	hikeru
Volitional	弾こう	ひこう	hikō
Negative	弾かない	ひかない	hikanai
Negative continuative	弾かず	ひかず	hikazu
Formal	弾きます	ひきます	hikimasu
Perfective	弾いた	ひいた	hiita
Conjunctive	弾いて	ひいて	hiite
Hypothetical conditional	弾けば	ひけば	hikeba

Classical conjugation of "弾く" (カ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	弾か	ひか	fika
Continuative (連用形)	弾き	ひき	fiki
Terminal (終止形)	弾く	ひく	fiku
Attributive (連体形)	弾く	ひく	fiku
Realis (已然形)	弾け	ひけ	fike
Imperative (命令形)	弾け	ひけ	fike
Key constructions
Negative	弾かず	ひかず	fikazu
Contrasting conjunction	弾けど	ひけど	fikedo
Causal conjunction	弾けば	ひけば	fikeba
Conditional conjunction	弾かば	ひかば	fikaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	弾きき	ひきき	fikiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	弾きけり	ひきけり	fikikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	弾きつ	ひきつ	fikitu
Perfect tense (natural event)	弾きぬ	ひきぬ	fikinu
Perfect-continuative tense	弾けり 弾きたり	ひけり ひきたり	fikeri fikitari

Synonyms

• 奏 (かな)でる (kanaderu)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
弾
はじ Grade: S
kun’yomi

Verb

弾く (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 彈く, transitive, godan conjugation, hiragana はじく, rōmaji hajiku)

Japanese verb pair
active	弾 (はじ)く
mediopassive	弾 (はじ)ける

1. to flick and make something spring/jump

   おはじきを弾 (はじ)く

   ohajiki o hajiku

   to fire the marble

   爪先 (つまさき)で弦 (つる)を弾 (はじ)く

   tsumasaki de tsuru o hajiku

   to pluck the string with finger

2. (of materials) to reject; to repel (some external substance)

   このレインコートはよく水 (みず)を弾 (はじ)く

   kono reinkōto wa yoku mizu o hajiku

   This raincoat is well waterproof.

   鋼鉄 (こうてつ)の板 (いた)が銃 (じゅう)弾 (だん)を弾 (はじ)く

   kōtetsu no ita ga jūdan o hajiku

   The steel plates can resist bullets.

3. (from the metaphor of beating beads of an abacus) to calculate

   損得 (そんとく)を弾 (はじ)いてみる

   sontoku o hajīte miru

   Let's calculate the loss and gain.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "弾く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	弾か	はじか	hajika
Continuative (連用形)	弾き	はじき	hajiki
Terminal (終止形)	弾く	はじく	hajiku
Attributive (連体形)	弾く	はじく	hajiku
Hypothetical (仮定形)	弾け	はじけ	hajike
Imperative (命令形)	弾け	はじけ	hajike
Key constructions
Passive	弾かれる	はじかれる	hajikareru
Causative	弾かせる 弾かす	はじかせる はじかす	hajikaseru hajikasu
Potential	弾ける	はじける	hajikeru
Volitional	弾こう	はじこう	hajikō
Negative	弾かない	はじかない	hajikanai
Negative continuative	弾かず	はじかず	hajikazu
Formal	弾きます	はじきます	hajikimasu
Perfective	弾いた	はじいた	hajiita
Conjunctive	弾いて	はじいて	hajiite
Hypothetical conditional	弾けば	はじけば	hajikeba

Classical conjugation of "弾く" (カ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	弾か	はじか	fazika
Continuative (連用形)	弾き	はじき	faziki
Terminal (終止形)	弾く	はじく	faziku
Attributive (連体形)	弾く	はじく	faziku
Realis (已然形)	弾け	はじけ	fazike
Imperative (命令形)	弾け	はじけ	fazike
Key constructions
Negative	弾かず	はじかず	fazikazu
Contrasting conjunction	弾けど	はじけど	fazikedo
Causal conjunction	弾けば	はじけば	fazikeba
Conditional conjunction	弾かば	はじかば	fazikaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	弾きき	はじきき	fazikiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	弾きけり	はじきけり	fazikikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	弾きつ	はじきつ	fazikitu
Perfect tense (natural event)	弾きぬ	はじきぬ	fazikinu
Perfect-continuative tense	弾けり 弾きたり	はじけり はじきたり	fazikeri fazikitari