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单词 引
释义

引

引 U+5F15, 引
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F15
← 弔
[U+5F14]		CJK Unified Ideographs弖 →
[U+5F16]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

引 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 弓中 (NL), four-corner 12200, composition ⿰弓丨)

Derived characters

  • 𠇁, 吲, 𡛅, 𢏄, 𢪉, 𪵰, 𣏖, 䏖, 𫸬, 䀕, 矧, 粌, 紖(纼), 𦙢, 蚓, 𠒒, 訠, 𮚵, 𧿯, 𨈧, 𮝅, 鈏, 靷, 𮡕, 𫙒
  • 𭚭, 𫸷, 𠀓, 𬻏, 𡗵, 䒡, 䇙, 㽼

References

  • KangXi: page 356, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9699
  • Dae Jaweon: page 672, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 988, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5F15

Chinese

simp. and trad.
引

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 引
Western ZhouShuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptionsSmall seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (引) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
紖*l'inʔ
矧*hlinʔ
訠*hlinʔ
弞*hlinʔ, *linʔ
引*linʔ, *lins
蚓*linʔ
鈏*linʔ, *lins
靷*linʔ, *lins

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 弓 (“bow”) + 丨 (“line”) – the line radical represents a bow string which is pulled.

Etymology

For pronunciation and definitions of 引 – see 蚓 (“earthworm”).
(This character, 引, is the second-round simplified form of 蚓.)
Notes:
  • Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore.
  • Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yǐn (yin3)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄣˇ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): jan5
  • Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yîn / yín
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yin3
  • Min Dong (BUC): īng
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): íⁿ / ín
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ing2
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: yǐn
      • Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˇ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: yǐn
      • Wade–Giles: yin3
      • Yale: yǐn
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiin
      • Palladius: инь (inʹ)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /in²¹⁴/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: jan5
      • Yale: yáhn
      • Cantonese Pinyin: jan5
      • Guangdong Romanization: yen5
      • Sinological IPA (key): /jɐn¹³/
  • Hakka
    • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîn / yín
      • Hakka Romanization System: in´ / in`
      • Hagfa Pinyim: yin1 / yin3
      • Sinological IPA: /in²⁴/, /in³¹/
    • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîn / yín
      • Hakka Romanization System: (r)in´ / (r)in`
      • Hagfa Pinyim: yin1 / yin3
      • Sinological IPA: /(j)in²⁴/, /(j)in³¹/
    • (Meixian)
      • Guangdong: yin3
      • Sinological IPA: /in³¹/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: īng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /iŋ³³/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: íⁿ
      • Tâi-lô: ínn
      • Phofsit Daibuun: vie
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ĩ⁵³/
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ín
      • Tâi-lô: ín
      • Phofsit Daibuun: ien
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /in⁵³/
      • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /in⁵⁵⁴/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /in⁴¹/
Note:
  • íⁿ - vernacular;
  • ín - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: ing2
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: íng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /iŋ⁵²/
  • Middle Chinese: /jiɪnX/, /jiɪnH/
Rime
Character引引
Reading #1/22/2
Initial (聲)以 (36)以 (36)
Final (韻)眞 (43)眞 (43)
Tone (調)Rising (X)Departing (H)
Openness (開合)OpenOpen
Division (等)IIIIII
Fanqie余忍切羊晉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/jiɪnX//jiɪnH/
Pan
Wuyun		/jinX//jinH/
Shao
Rongfen		/jenX//jenH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/jinX//jinH/
Li
Rong		/iĕnX//iĕnH/
Wang
Li		/jĭĕnX//jĭĕnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		/i̯ĕnX//i̯ĕnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		yǐnyìn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		jan5jan6
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*li[n]ʔ/, /*li[n]ʔ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*linʔ/, /*lins/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character引引
Reading #1/22/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		yǐnyǐn
Middle
Chinese		‹ yinX ›‹ yinH ›
Old
Chinese		/*li[n]ʔ//*li[n]ʔ-s/
Englishdraw the bowdraw the bow

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character引引
Reading #1/22/2
No.1530615312
Phonetic
component		引引
Rime
group		眞眞
Rime
subdivision		11
Corresponding
MC rime		引𦙍
Old
Chinese		/*linʔ//*lins/

Definitions

引

  1. to pull, draw out, attract
  2. to stretch
  3. to lead
  4. to induce
  5. to recommend
  6. to reference, to quote
  7. to leave
  8. (music) prelude
  9. (Hokkien, honorific) Prefix for kinship terms.
    引公 [Hokkien]  ―  ín-kong [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  grandpa

(Can we add an example for this sense?) (particularly for the sense " to lead")

Compounds

Derived terms from 引

Japanese

Kanji

引

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. pull
  2. tug
  3. admit

Readings

  • Go-on: いん (in, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: いん (in, Jōyō)
  • Kun: ひく (hiku, 引く, Jōyō); ひける (hikeru, 引ける, Jōyō)
  • Nanori: のぶ (nobu); ひき (hiki); ひさ (hisa)

Compounds

  • 割(わり)引(びき) (waribiki)

Antonyms

  • 斥 (“repulse”)
  • 押 (“push”)

Derived terms

  • 引(ひ)く (hiku)
  • 引(ひ)っ掻(か)く (hikkaku)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
引
いん
Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 引 (MC jiɪnX, jiɪnH).

Pronunciation

  • On’yomi
    • (Tokyo) い​ん [íꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
    • IPA(key): [ĩɴ]

Noun

引(いん) • (in) 

  1. the preface to a book; introduction; foreword

Affix

引(いん) • (in) 

  1. pull; draw out; stretch
  2. lead; induce
  3. bear; undertake; accept
  4. quote; reference
  5. leave

Derived terms

Derived terms
  • 引(いん)見(けん) (inken)
  • 引(いん)水(すい) (insui)
  • 引(いん)責(せき) (inseki)
  • 引(いん)導(どう) (indō)
  • 引(いん)退(たい) (intai)
  • 引(いん)用(よう) (in'yō)
  • 引(いん)力(りょく) (inryoku)
  • 延(えん)引(いん) (en'in)
  • 我(が)田(でん)引(いん)水(すい) (gaden'insui)
  • 吸(きゅう)引(いん) (kyūin)
  • 牽(けん)引(いん) (ken'in)
  • 拘(こう)引(いん) (kōin)
  • 勾(こう)引(いん) (kōin)
  • 強(ごう)引(いん) (gōin)
  • 索(さく)引(いん) (sakuin)
  • 承(しょう)引(いん) (shōin)
  • 導(どう)引(いん) (dōin)
  • 誘(ゆう)引(いん) (yūin)

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

引 (eumhun 끌 인 (kkeul in))

  1. Hanja form? of 인 (“pull”).

Compounds

  • 견인차 (牽引車, gyeonincha, “tow truck”)
  • 유인 (誘引, yuin, “attraction”)

Vietnamese

Han character

引: Hán Nôm readings: dẫn, dợn, giỡn, dận, giận

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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