弓
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Translingual
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Han character
弓 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 弓 (N), four-corner 17207, composition ⿱コ㇉)
- Kangxi radical #57, ⼸.
Derived characters
- Appendix:Chinese radical/弓
- 𭇂, 𡉖, 𫝳, 𢁠, 𢖸, 㧈, 𬇗, 杛, 𭨧, 𧘏, 𥸲, 𥾏, 𮓶, 𧢺, 躬, 䩑, 𩨙, 𩾫
- 𢀶, 矤, 𫾰, 𬶿, 𧱶, 𡗝, 宆, 𡰬, 芎, 𥝙, 穹, 𥫤, 𩁽, 𪎔, 𦦎, 夷, 粥, 䰜, 𠰀, 𤵶, 虇
See also
- 發, 雋
References
- KangXi: page 356, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9692
- Dae Jaweon: page 671, character 22
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 987, character 11
- Unihan data for U+5F13
Chinese
simp. and trad. | 弓 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 𭚥 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 弓 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Old Chinese | |
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弓 | *kʷɯŋ |
穹 | *kʰʷɯŋ |
焪 | *kʰʷɯŋ, *kʰʷɯŋs |
芎 | *kʰʷɯŋ |
Pictogram (象形) – a bow.
Etymology
Possibly related to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *kuːŋ (“tree, branch, stem”) (Coblin, 1986), semantically connected with the shape of a bent tree branch. Cognate with Burmese ကိုင်း (kuing:, “to bend over; to be bent”), အကိုင်း (a.kuing:, “stalk; branch”), Tedim Chin [script needed] (kung¹, “tree”), Jingpho kung (“to branch; to grow”), lakung (“branch; limb”), Lepcha [script needed] (kóng, “branch”), [script needed] (kúng, “tree”) (STEDT).
Schuessler (2007) proposes that both Old Chinese 弓 (OC *kʷɯŋ) and Proto-Tibeto-Burman *kuːŋ are derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer *koŋ, whence Nyah Kur [script needed] (kóoŋ, “bent (in the middle)”), Mon ကိုၚ် (“to be bent”), Khmer កោង (kaong, “to bend; to be bent”), Khasi pyrkhung (“to bend; to arch”), Pear kuŋ (“bend”), Vietnamese cong (“to be bent, curved”).
Also compare Proto-Tibeto-Burman *ku(ː)m (“arched; vaulted”)
Derivatives are 肱 (OC *kʷɯːŋ, “(upper) arm”) and 穹 (OC *kʰʷɯŋ, “arched; vault; sky”).
Pronunciation
Definitions
弓
- bow (weapon) (Classifier: 張/张)
- curved; arched
- to arch; to bend
- (Jiexi Hakka) rainbow
- (obsolete) Synonym of 步, a traditional Chinese unit of length and area.
Synonyms
Variety | Location | Words edit |
---|---|---|
Classical Chinese | 虹, 螮蝀, 雩, 隮 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 彩虹, 虹 | |
Mandarin | Beijing | 虹 |
Taiwan | 彩虹 | |
Tianjin | 虹 | |
Langfang | 虹 | |
Tangshan | 虹 | |
Cangzhou | 虹 | |
Xianxian (Xiaoying) | 彩虹, 虹 | |
Baoding | 虹 | |
Shijiazhuang | 虹 | |
Daming | 虹 | |
Ulanhot | 七彩虹 | |
Tongliao | 彩虹 | |
Chifeng | 虹 | |
Bayanhot | 彩虹, 虹 | |
Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 彩虹 | |
Harbin | 虹 | |
Wuchang (Yingchengzi) | 虹 | |
Shenyang | 虹 | |
Yantai (Muping) | 虹 | |
Qingdao | 虹 | |
Rizhao | 虹 | |
Jinan | 虹 | |
Luoyang | 虹 | |
Wanrong | 虹 | |
Zhengzhou | 虹 | |
Kaifeng | 虹 | |
Ankang | 虹 | |
Ankang (Xianhe) | 虹 | |
Baihe (Maoping) | 虹 | |
Shiquan | 虹 | |
Ziyang | 虹 | |
Xi'an | 虹 | |
Dingbian | 彩虹 | |
Yinchuan | 虹 | |
Yongning (Najiahu) | 虹 | |
Wuzhong | 虹 | |
Yanchi | 虹 | |
Tongxin | 虹 | |
Zhongwei | 虹 | |
Guyuan | 虹 | |
Longde | 虹 | |
Jingyuan | 虹 | |
Lanzhou | 虹 | |
Xining | 虹 | |
Ürümqi | 虹 | |
Ürümqi (Xigou) | 彩虹 | |
Ürümqi (Changshanzi) | 虹 | |
Yanqi | 虹 | |
Wuhan | 虹 | |
Huanggang | 虹 | |
Hong'an | 虹 | |
Chengdu | 虹, 天橋, 彩虹, 天龍 | |
Chengdu (Xindu) | 虹 | |
Muli | 虹 | |
Guiyang | 虹 | |
Kunming | 虹 | |
Guilin | 虹, 彩虹 | |
Guilin (Lingui) | 虹 | |
Pingle | 龍虹, 彩虹 | |
Liuzhou | 虹, 彩虹 | |
Liuzhou (Luorong) | 虹 | |
Luzhai | 彩虹 | |
Nanning (Wuming) | 彩虹 | |
Yizhou | 龍虹 | |
Luocheng (Dongmen) | 龍虹 dated, 彩虹 | |
Tianlin (Langping) | 虹 | |
Tianlin (Pingtang) | 虹 | |
Xiangzhou (Nalu) | 虹槓東 | |
Xuzhou | 虹 | |
Yangzhou | 虹 | |
Nanjing | 虹 | |
Hefei | 虹 | |
Chuzhou | 虹 | |
Nantong | 鱟, 虹 | |
Qimen (Anling Junhua) | 虹 | |
Jiangshan (Nianbadu) | 虹 | |
Kaihua (Huabu) | 虹 | |
Yushan (Huaiyu) | 虹 | |
Singapore | 彩虹 | |
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 虹 | |
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 虹 | |
Kokang | 虹吃水, 龍虹 | |
Dagudi (Maliba) | 彩虹 | |
Reshuitang (Longling) | 老虹 | |
Mae Salong (Lancang) | 老虹, 彩虹 | |
Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 老虹 | |
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 虹 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 虹, 天虹, 龍拱 |
Hong Kong | 彩虹, 天虹 | |
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 天弓 | |
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 虹 | |
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 天弓 | |
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 天虹 | |
Macau | 虹 | |
Guangzhou (Panyu) | 虹 | |
Guangzhou (Conghua) | 龍 | |
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 龍虹 | |
Foshan | 鑊耳龍 | |
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 龍 | |
Foshan (Shunde) | 拱篷 | |
Foshan (Sanshui) | 鑊耳龍 | |
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 龍 | |
Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 虹拱 | |
Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 播虹 | |
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 龍孔 | |
Zhuhai (Doumen) | 龍孔 | |
Jiangmen (Baisha) | 叫虹 | |
Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 鑊耳, 水拱 | |
Taishan | 鑊耳, 水虹 | |
Taishan (Guanghai) | 龍生水, 鑊耳虹, 彩虹 | |
Kaiping (Chikan) | 鑊耳龍, 水拱 | |
Enping (Niujiang) | 鑊耳龍 | |
Heshan (Yayao) | 虹 | |
Dongguan | 虹 | |
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 虹 | |
Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 天弓 | |
Qingyuan | 虹 | |
Fogang | 虹, 龍 | |
Yingde (Hanguang) | 天弓 | |
Yangshan | 虹 | |
Lianshan (Butian) | 汗龍 | |
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 天虹 | |
Shaoguan | 虹 | |
Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 虹 | |
Renhua | 天虹 | |
Lechang | 天虹 | |
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 龍 | |
Sihui | 龍 | |
Guangning | 龍 | |
Deqing | 龍 | |
Huaiji | 虹 | |
Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 旱龍 | |
Yunfu | 龍 | |
Xinxing | 龍 | |
Yunan (Pingtai) | 龍 | |
Yangjiang | 破篷 | |
Xinyi | 湴更 | |
Lianjiang | 虹 | |
Nanning | 虹, 雙虹 | |
Nanning (Tanka) | 彩虹 | |
Wuzhou | 彩虹 | |
Yulin | 龐虹 | |
Hepu (Lianzhou) | 天虹, 虹 | |
Hepu (Shatian) | 拱 | |
Guiping | 虹 | |
Guiping (Jintian) | 虹 | |
Guiping (Jiangkou) | 虹, 彩虹 | |
Guiping (Madong) | 龐虹 | |
Pingnan (Danzhu) | 龍 | |
Mengshan (Xihe) | 龍 | |
Guigang (Nanjiang) | 虹 | |
Beiliu | 湴界, 彩虹 | |
Beiliu (Tangliao) | 虹 | |
Baise | 虹, 雙虹 | |
Bobai | 虹 | |
Lingshan | 龐虹 | |
Pubei | 龐虹 | |
Qinzhou | 天虹, 虹, 彩虹 | |
Qinzhou (Xiaodong) | 龐虹 | |
Qinzhou (Changtan) | 龐虹 | |
Qinzhou (Nasi) | 龐虹 | |
Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 虹 | |
Beihai | 天虹, 天橋 | |
Beihai (Nankang) | 拱 | |
Beihai (Yingpan) | 拱 | |
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 拱 | |
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 篷拱 | |
Ningming | 虹 | |
Hezhou (Pumen) | 虹 | |
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 天弓 | |
Chongzuo (Laituan) | 天虹 | |
Fusui (Qujiu) | 蛤筒食水 | |
Lingchuan (Yangjia) | 龍虹 | |
Pingle (Majia) | 彩虹 | |
Pingle (Shuishan) | 虹 | |
Danzhou | 天虹 | |
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 彩虹, 彩龍 | |
Sarikei (Xinhui) | 龍拱 | |
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 彩虹 | |
Móng Cái | 天弓 | |
Yangon (Taishan) | 虹 | |
Mandalay (Taishan) | 鑊耳虹 | |
Bangkok (Guangfu) | 虹 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 虹 |
Pengze | 虹 | |
Yanshan | 虹 | |
Lichuan | 天虹, 天吊, 虹 | |
Pingxiang | 虹 | |
Guixi | 虹 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 天弓 |
Xingning | 天弓 | |
Fengshun (Liuhuang) | 彩虹 | |
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 彩虹 | |
Huidong (Daling) | 天弓 | |
Dongguan (Qingxi) | 天弓 | |
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 天弓 | |
Zengcheng (Zhengguo) | 天弓 | |
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 天弓食水 | |
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 虹 | |
Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 天弓 | |
Wuhua (Huacheng) | 天弓 | |
Wuhua (Changbu) | 天弓 | |
Wuhua (Mianyang) | 天弓 | |
Heyuan (Bendihua) | 虹 | |
Zijin | 天弓 | |
Nanxiong (Zhuji) | 虹 | |
Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 天弓 | |
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 龍 | |
Liannan | 天虹 | |
Conghua (Lütian) | 虹 | |
Jiexi | 弓 | |
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 虹 | |
Changting | 虹 | |
Wuping | 天弓 | |
Wuping (Yanqian) | 天弓 | |
Wuping (Pingyu) | 天弓 | |
Liancheng | 虹 | |
Liancheng (Peitian) | 天門神 | |
Ninghua | 虹 | |
Yudu | 虹 | |
Ningdu | 虹 | |
Ruijin | 虹 | |
Shicheng | 虹 | |
Shangyou (Shexi) | 虹 | |
Tonggu (Sandu) | 天虹 | |
Ganzhou (Panlong) | 虹 | |
Dayu | 虹 | |
Taoyuan | 天弓 | |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 天弓, 虹 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 天弓 | |
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 天弓 | |
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 天弓 | |
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 天弓 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 虹 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 天弓 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 虹 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 虹 | |
Hong Kong | 天弓 | |
Mengshan (Xihe) | 虹 | |
Luchuan | 天公虹 | |
Luchuan (Daqiao) | 天公降水 | |
Bobai (Shahe) | 天弓 | |
Bobai (Longtan) | 天弓 | |
Bobai (Lingping) | 天弓 | |
Beiliu (Tang'an) | 天公食水 | |
Beiliu (Gonghe) | 天弓 | |
Xingye (Gaofeng) | 天弓 | |
Mashan (Pianlian) | 天公食水 | |
Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui) | 虹 | |
Lipu (Shuangduitun) | 彩虹 | |
Lipu (Dashigu) | 彩虹, 月龍 | |
Pingle (Tong'an) | 彩龍 | |
Guidong | 天虹 | |
Chengdu (Longtan) | 天弓 | |
Chengdu (Shiling) | 天弓 | |
Chengdu (Longwang) | 天弓 | |
Chengdu (Shibantan) | 天弓 | |
Chengdu (Xindu Subdistrict) | 天弓, 虹 | |
Sabah (Longchuan) | 天弓 | |
Senai (Huiyang) | 天弓, 彩虹 | |
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 弓 | |
Singkawang | 天弓 | |
Pontianak (Meixian) | 天弓 | |
Medan (Metal - Meixian) | 彩虹 | |
Singapore (Meixian) | 天弓 | |
Singapore (Dabu) | 彩虹 | |
Bangkok (Meixian) | 彩虹, 天弓 | |
Bangkok (Jiexi) | 弓 | |
Huizhou | Jixi | 日頭紅虹, 虹 |
Shexian | 虹, 彩虹 | |
Shexian (Xianggao) | 虹 | |
Shexian (Daguyun) | 虹 | |
Tunxi | 虹 | |
Yixian | 虹 | |
Qimen | 虹 | |
Qimen (Anling Minhua) | 虹 | |
Wuyuan | 虹 | |
Fuliang | 虹 | |
Dexing | 彩虹 | |
Shitai (Xianyu) | 虹 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 虹 |
Pingyao | 虹 | |
Datong | 虹 | |
Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou) | 虹 | |
Xinzhou | 虹 | |
Changzhi | 虹 | |
Taibus (Baochang) | 虹 | |
Linhe | 虹 | |
Jining | 虹 | |
Hohhot | 虹 | |
Baotou | 虹 | |
Dongsheng | 虹 | |
Haibowan | 虹 | |
Zhangjiakou | 虹 | |
Handan | 虹 | |
Jiuxing Yumin | Jiande | 鱟 |
Jinhua | 鱟 | |
Lanxi | 鱟 | |
Tunxi | 虹 | |
Min Bei | Jian'ou | 虹 |
Jian'ou (Dikou) | 虹 | |
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 虹 | |
Pucheng (Shibei) | 虹, 攔溪仔 dated | |
Min Dong | Fuzhou | 虹 |
Fuqing | 虹 | |
Gutian | 虹 | |
Shouning | 虹 | |
Matsu | 虹 | |
Min Nan | Xiamen | 虹 |
Quanzhou | 虹 | |
Jinjiang | 虹 | |
Yongchun | 虹 | |
Zhangzhou | 虹 | |
Hua'an | 虹 | |
Dongshan | 虹 | |
Taipei | 虹 | |
New Taipei (Sanxia) | 虹 | |
Kaohsiung | 虹 | |
Yilan | 虹 | |
Changhua (Lukang) | 虹 | |
Taichung | 虹 | |
Taichung (Wuqi) | 虹 | |
Tainan | 虹 | |
Taitung | 虹 | |
Hsinchu | 虹 | |
Kinmen | 虹 | |
Penghu (Magong) | 虹 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 虹 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 虹 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 彩虹 | |
Zhangping (Yongfu) | 天虹 | |
Pingnan (Shangdu) | 虹 | |
Pingnan (Pingtian) | 虹 | |
Pingnan (Sijie) | 虹 | |
Guiping (Xiaowen) | 虹, 彩虹 | |
Guiping (Dongsheng) | 發紅雲 | |
Guilin (Biyange) | 龍公 | |
Pingle (Zhoutang) | 龍, 天橋 | |
Lechang (Tatou) | 天虹 | |
Renhua (Changshabei) | 天虹 | |
Yingde (Yuzui) | 虹 | |
Yunan (Liantan) | 龍, 虹 | |
Yuhuan (Kanmen) | 虹 | |
Chaozhou | 虹 | |
Shantou | 虹 | |
Shantou (Chenghai) | 虹 | |
Shantou (Chaoyang) | 虹, 彩虹 | |
Jieyang | 虹 | |
Haifeng | 虹 | |
Bangkok (Teochew) | 虹 | |
Chiang Mai (Teochew) | 彩虹 | |
Hat Yai (Teochew) | 虹 | |
Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 虹 | |
Pontianak (Teochew) | 虹 | |
Leizhou | 虹 | |
Wenchang | 虹 | |
Haikou | 虹 | |
Wanning | 虹 | |
Puxian Min | Putian | 虹 |
Putian (Donghai) | 虹 | |
Putian (Jiangkou) | 虹 | |
Putian (Nanri) | 虹 | |
Xianyou | 虹 | |
Xianyou (Fengting) | 虹 | |
Xianyou (Youyang) | 虹 | |
Fuding (Aoyao) | 虹 | |
Min Zhong | Yong'an | 虹 |
Sanyuan | 虹 | |
Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 播虹 |
Sanxiang | 跨篷 | |
Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 虹 |
Nanning (Shajing) | 虹 | |
Nanning (Gejiayuan) | 虹 | |
Nanning (Zhegulu) | 虹, 拱橋 | |
Nanning (Silian) | 虹, 天虹 | |
Nanning (Xiuxiang) | 虹 | |
Nanning (Sucun) | 虹, 幹筒 | |
Binyang | 虹, 龍虹 | |
Binyang (Xinqiao) | 虹 | |
Hengxian (Baihe) | 龐虹 | |
Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 虹 |
Guilin (Chaoyang) | 虹 | |
Guilin (Dongbianzhou) | 虹 | |
Guilin (Zhuyuan) | 虹 | |
Guilin (Dabu) | 雨界 | |
Guilin (Yangjia) | 龍 | |
Guilin (Qianjing) | 雨虹 | |
Guilin (Wutong, Lingui) | 江東龍, 龍虹 | |
Guilin (Huangsha, Lingui) | 龍虹 | |
Guilin (Liangjiang, Lingui) | 天龍, 彩圈 | |
Guilin (Liutang, Lingui) | 虹 | |
Lingchuan (Sanjie) | 虹 | |
Lingchuan (Gaoqiao) | 虹 | |
Lingchuan (Gudong) | 龍虹 | |
Lingchuan (Tanxia) | 虹 | |
Lingchuan (Shuangzhou) | 彩虹, 虹 | |
Lingchuan (Gongping) | 龍虹 | |
Guanyang (Guanyinge) | 龍虹 | |
Pingle (Zhangjia) | 虹 | |
Yangshuo (Putao) | 雨虹 | |
Liucheng (Yangmei) | 虹 | |
Luocheng (Niubi) | 長虹 | |
Shehua | Ningde | 蛟龍 |
Fu'an | 蛟龍 | |
Fuding | 蛟龍 | |
Zhouning | 蛟龍 | |
Xiapu | 蛟龍 | |
Shouning | 虹 | |
Gutian | 蛟龍 | |
Luoyuan | 蛟龍 | |
Sanming | 蛟龍 | |
Shunchang | 蛟龍 | |
Hua'an | 蛟龍 | |
Guixi (Zhangping) | 蛟龍 | |
Yanshan (Taiyuan) | 蛟龍 | |
Cangnan | 蛟龍 | |
Jingning | 蛟龍 | |
Lishui | 蛟龍 | |
Longyou | 蛟龍 | |
Hangzhou (Lin'an) | 蛟龍 | |
Chaozhou | 蛟龍 | |
Fengshun | 蛟龍 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 虹, 彩虹, 鱟 dated |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 鱟 | |
Suzhou | 鱟, 彩虹, 虹 | |
Wuxi | 彩虹, 虹, 鱟 | |
Danyang | 虹 | |
Hangzhou | 鱟, 彩虹 | |
Hangzhou (Fuyang) | 鱟 | |
Ningbo | 鱟, 虹 | |
Linhai | 鱟 | |
Yuhuan (Damaiyu) | 鱟 | |
Yuhuan (Chumen) | 鱟 | |
Wenzhou | 鱟 | |
Songyang (Gushi) | 鱟 | |
Longquan | 鱟 | |
Jinhua | 鱟, 彩虹 | |
Jinhua (Tangxi) | 熯 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 虹 |
Xiangtan | 虹 | |
Xiangxiang | 虹 | |
Xiangxiang (Meiqiao) | 彩虹 | |
Loudi | 虹 | |
Shuangfeng | 虹 | |
Hengshan | 虹, 雲虹 | |
Hengshan (Baiguo) | 斗雨 | |
Jiangyong | 蟲 | |
Quanzhou | 彩虹 | |
Guanyang (Wenshi) | 虹 | |
Qinglong (Changliu Laba Miao) | 虹 |
Compounds
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See also
- 箭 (jiàn)
- 矢 (shǐ)
Japanese
Kanji
(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)
Readings
- Go-on: く (ku); くう (kū)
- Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)←きゆう (kyū, historical)
- Kun: たらし (tarashi, 弓); ゆ (yu, 弓); ゆみ (yumi, 弓, Jōyō)
- Nanori: こ (ko); ゆ (yu)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
弓 |
ゆ Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. In modern Japanese, only found as a prefix in compounds.[1][2]
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- IPA(key): [jɯ̟ᵝ]
Prefix
弓 • (yu-)
- a bow, a bow shape
Derived terms
- 弓懸 (yugake), 弽 (yugake), 韘 (yugake)
- 弓束 (yuzuka), 弓柄 (yuzuka), 弣 (yuzuka)
- 弓末 (yuzue)
- 弓弦 (yuzuru, “bowstring”)
- 弓弭 (yuhazu), 弓筈 (yuhazu), 弓彇 (yuhazu, “nock on a bow where the bowstring sits”)
Etymology 2
![](Images/wiktionary/Bows-ViolaBassGdulkaKemence.jpg.webp)
![](Images/wiktionary/Yumi-p1000624.jpg.webp)
![](Images/wiktionary/Yumi_name_of_parts.svg.png.webp)
Kanji in this term |
---|
弓 |
ゆみ Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE). A surface analysis suggests a combination of Old Japanese yu (see above) + suffixing element mi, itself of uncertain derivation.
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) ゆみ [yùmíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[3][2]
- IPA(key): [jɯ̟ᵝmʲi]
Noun
弓 • (yumi)
- a bow:
- (weaponry) a bow for shooting arrows
- (music) a bow for playing a stringed instrument such as a violin or cello
- archery
- (Shinto) a type of kagura (sacred Shinto song and dance) intended to drive away evil
- short for 破魔弓 (hama yumi): a ceremonial archery bow with the power to dispel evil
- a bow shape, a curve
- a bow-shaped tool used to beat ginned cotton into a softer and finer textile
Coordinate terms
- (archery): 仗 (tsue)/杖 (tsue): yumi stave; 弦 (tsuru): yumi bowstring; 矢 (ya): an arrow (鏃 (yajiri): arrowheads; 簳 (yagara): arrow-shafts; 羽 (hane): arrow-fletchings); 靫 (utsubo)): an quiver; 胸当て (muneate): kyudo plastron/chestguard; 弽 (yugake): kyudo gloves; 弩 (ishiyumi): a crossbow
Derived terms
- 和弓 (wayumi, “Japanese bow/yumi”)
- 弓矢 (yumiya, “bow and arrow”)
- 大弓 (daikyū, “longbow”)
- 半弓 (hankyū, “shortbow”)
- 梓弓 (azusayumi, “a bow made from the wood of the Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa”)
- 破魔弓 (hamayumi, “a traditional Shintō ceremonial bow for dispelling evil”)
- 重籐弓 (shigedōyumi), 滋籐弓 (shigedō yumi), 繁籐弓 (shigedō yumi, “a rattan wood bow”)
See also
- ロングボウ (rongubō, “longbow”)
Further reading
弓_(武器) on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ja (archery)
Yumi (Japanese archery bow) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
弓_(楽器) on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ja (music)
Bow_(music) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
弓 |
たらし Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
Alteration from torashi, 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb torasu, from tora as the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of verb 取る (toru, “to take”) + す (su, honorific suffix in Old Japanese). Original meaning was “something kept to hand”.[1][2]
Alternative forms
- 執
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- IPA(key): [ta̠ɾa̠ɕi]
Noun
弓 • (tarashi)
- (rare, honorific) an archery bow, particularly one belonging to a noble
Synonyms
- 御執, 御弓 (mitarashi)
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term |
---|
弓 |
きゅう Grade: 2 |
kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 弓 (MC kɨuŋ).[1][2] Compare modern Mandarin 弓 (gōng).
Pronunciation
- On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) きゅう [kyúꜜù] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
- IPA(key): [kʲɨᵝː]
Noun
弓 • (kyū)
- (rare) a bow
- (obsolete) in ancient Chinese archery, a unit of length for measuring the distance between the archer and the target; one kyū was equal to six 尺 (shaku), roughly six feet or 182 centimeters
- (obsolete) in ancient China, a unit of length for surveying land; one kyū was equal to eight 尺 (shaku), roughly eight feet or 242 centimeters
Usage notes
In modern Japanese, the reading kyū is most often found in compounds.
Derived terms
- 胡弓 (kokyū): a traditional Chinese fiddle
- 弓道 (kyūdō): archery as a martial art
- 大弓 (daikyū): a great bow, a long bow
- 半弓 (hankyū): a half bow, a short bow
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
Korean
![](Images/wiktionary/Hun_bow.jpg.webp)
the shape of the Hun bow
Hanja
弓 (eumhun 활 궁 (hwal gung))
- Hanja form? of 궁 (“bow (for shooting arrows”).
Compounds
- 궁도 (弓道, gungdo, “archery”)
Vietnamese
Han character
弓: Hán Nôm readings: cung, cong, củng
- a bow
Compounds
hình cung (形弓): an arc