序

序	U+5E8F, 序 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E8F

← 庎
[U+5E8E]

CJK Unified Ideographs

庐 →
[U+5E90]

Translingual

Han character

序 (Kangxi radical 53, 广+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈弓戈弓 (ININ), four-corner 0022₂, composition ⿸广予)

Derived characters

垿, 𡜾, 𢭸, 𨹘, 𫸉, 𦯅

References

KangXi: page 343, character 35
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9253
Dae Jaweon: page 653, character 22
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 875, character 18
Unihan data for U+5E8F

Chinese

simp. and trad.		序

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (予) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
野	laːʔ, ɦljaʔ
壄	*laːʔ
序	*ljaʔ
抒	ljaʔ, hlja, *ɦljaʔ
芧	*l'aʔ
杼	l'aʔ, ɦljaʔ
墅	*ɦljaːʔ
舒	*hlja
紓	hlja, ɦljaʔ
妤	*la
伃	*la
予	la, laʔ
預	*las
忬	*las
豫	*las
蕷	*las
澦	*las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ljaʔ) : semantic 广 + phonetic 予 (OC *la, *laʔ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): xù (xu⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩˋ
(Chengdu, SP): xu⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): zeoi⁶
(Taishan, Wiktionary): dui⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): xy⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): si
(Meixian, Guangdong): xi⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): xy³
Min Bei (KCR): sṳ̄
Min Dong (BUC): sê̤ṳ
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): sǐr / sū / sī
(Teochew, Peng'im): su⁶
Wu (Wiktionary): xxy (T3)
Xiang (Wiktionary): si⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xù
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syù
  - Wade–Giles: hsü⁴
  - Yale: syù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuh
  - Palladius: сюй (sjuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: xu⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xy
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zeoi⁶
  - Yale: jeuih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoey⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: zêu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃɵy̯²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: dui⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tui³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: xy⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: si
  - Hakka Romanization System: xi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕi⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: xy³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕy⁴⁵/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳ̄
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sy⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sê̤ṳ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /søy²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sǐr
  - Tâi-lô: sǐr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sū
  - Tâi-lô: sū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: su
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /su³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /su²²/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sī
  - Tâi-lô: sī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: si
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕi³³/
  - IPA (Jinjiang): /ɕi⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕi²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: su⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sŭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su³⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: xxy (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʑ̥y²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: si⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /si⁴⁵/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ɕi⁴⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 序
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕy⁵¹/
	Harbin	/ɕy⁵³/
	Tianjin	/ɕy⁵³/
	Jinan	/ɕy²¹/
	Qingdao	/sy⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/sy³¹²/
	Xi'an	/ɕy⁴⁴/
	Xining	/ɕy²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ɕy¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ɕy¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ɕy²¹³/
	Wuhan	/ɕy³⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕy¹³/
	Guiyang	/ɕi²¹³/
	Kunming	/ɕi²¹²/
	Nanjing	/sy⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/sz̩ʷ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕy⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/ɕy³⁵/
	Hohhot	/ɕy⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ʑy²³/
	Suzhou	/zi³¹/
	Hangzhou	/d͡zz̩ʷ¹³/
	Wenzhou	/zz̩³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰy²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/ɕy²⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/si⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɕy⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕy²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/si⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/si⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡søy²²/
	Nanning	/t͡sy²²/
	Hong Kong	/t͡søy²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/su²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/søy²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/sy⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/su³⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/si³⁵/

Middle Chinese: /zɨʌ^X/

Rime
Character	序
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	徐吕切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/zɨʌ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ziɔ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ziɔ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zɨə̆^X/
Li Rong	/ziɔ^X/
Wang Li	/zĭo^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/zi̯wo^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zeoi⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[sə.l]aʔ/
(Zhengzhang): /*ljaʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	序
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xù
Middle Chinese	‹ zjo^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[sə.l]aʔ/
English	walls at side of palace
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	序
Reading #	1/1
No.	15724
Phonetic component	予
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ljaʔ/

Definitions

序

order; sequence
preface (of a book); foreword (Classifier: 篇)
Antonym: 跋 (bá)
introductory
^† school

Synonyms

(preface):

edit

Synonyms of 序

前序 (qiánxù)
前言 (qiányán)
小序 (xiǎoxù)
小引 (xiǎoyǐn)
序文 (xùwén)
序言 (xùyán)

弁言 (biànyán) (literary)
引言 (yǐnyán)
短序 (duǎnxù)
自序 (zìxù) (by the author)
前記／前记 (qiánjì)
卷首語／卷首语 (juànshǒuyǔ)

導言／导言 (dǎoyán)
發刊詞／发刊词 (fākāncí) (to a new periodical)
緒言／绪言 (xùyán)
緒論／绪论 (xùlùn)
踏話頭／踏话头 (Min Nan)
開場白／开场白 (kāichǎngbái)

Compounds

Derived terms from 序

主序星 (zhǔxùxīng)
井然有序 (jǐngrányǒuxù)
代序 (dàixù)
依序 (yīxù)
保全程序
出言有序
原子序 (yuánzǐxù)
向心花序
四序
大序
小序 (xiǎoxù)
差序 (cīxù)
序列 (xùliè)
序卦
序大 (sī-tōa) (Min Nan)
序幕 (xùmù)
序文 (xùwén)
序曲 (xùqǔ)
序次 (xùcì)
序班
序目 (xùmù)
序言 (xùyán)
序跋 (xùbá)
庠序 (xiángxù)
循序 (xúnxù)
愆序
拍序
敦序
新序 (Xīnxù)
旻序 (mínxù)
有限花序
本末有序
次序 (cìxù)
毛序

法定程序
流水序
班序
短序 (duǎnxù)
秩序 (zhìxù)
秩序井然
程序 (chéngxù)
程序控制
程序法 (chéngxùfǎ)
立法程序
肉穗花序
自序 (zìxù)
花序 (huāxù)
芳序
逆序
雁序
鴈序
序升
主序帶／主序带
亂中有序／乱中有序 (luànzhōngyǒuxù)
倫序／伦序
分班序齒／分班序齿
卷繖花序／卷伞花序
原子序數／原子序数 (yuánzǐ xùshù)
壽序／寿序
孝經序／孝经序
寒溫序／寒温序
層序分明／层序分明
平鋪直序／平铺直序
序戰／序战 (xùzhàn)
序數／序数 (xùshù)
序時帳／序时帐
序論／序论
序錄／序录 (xùlù)

序齒／序齿 (xùchǐ)
循序漸進／循序渐进 (xúnxùjiànjìn)
時序／时序
滕王閣序／滕王阁序
無序／无序 (wúxù)
無限花序／无限花序
產銷秩序／产销秩序
破邪論序／破邪论序
社會秩序／社会秩序 (shèhuì zhìxù)
程序修憲／程序修宪
程序問題／程序问题 (chéngxù wèntí)
程序圖／程序图
程序違建／程序违建
穗狀花序／穗状花序
紀序／纪序
紛亂無序／纷乱无序
總狀花序／总状花序
繖房花序／伞房花序
聖教序／圣教序
聚繖花序／聚伞花序
脫序／脱序
膠序／胶序
葉序／叶序
蘭亭序／兰亭序 (Lántíngxù)
蘭亭集序／兰亭集序
詞序／词序 (cíxù)
詩序／诗序
語序／语序 (yǔxù)
贈序／赠序
輪繖花序／轮伞花序
長幼有序／长幼有序
隱頭花序／隐头花序
順序／顺序 (shùnxù)
鷺序／鹭序 (lùxù)

Japanese

Kanji

序

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

preface

Readings

Go-on: じょ (jo, Jōyō)
Kan-on: しょ (sho)
Kun: ついで (tsuide, 序で); のべる (noberu)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 序 (MC zɨʌ^X). Recorded as Middle Korean 셔〯 (syě) (Yale: sye) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource序 (eumhun 차례 서 (charye seo))

Hanja form^? of 서 (“sequence; order”).
Hanja form^? of 서 (“preface”).

Compounds

서막 (序幕, seomak)
서장 (序章, seojang)
순서 (循序, sunseo)
질서 (秩序, jilseo)
서열 (序列, seoyeol)
서론 (序論, seoron)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

序: Hán Nôm readings: tựa, tự

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