床

See also: 牀 and 𤴷

床	U+5E8A, 床 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E8A

← 庉
[U+5E89]

CJK Unified Ideographs

庋 →
[U+5E8B]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

床 (Kangxi radical 53, 广+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈木 (ID) or X戈木 (XID), four-corner 0029₄, composition ⿸广木)

References

KangXi: page 343, character 24

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9242

Dae Jaweon: page 653, character 12

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 873, character 20

Unihan data for U+5E8A

Chinese

trad.		床/牀
simp.		床

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (爿) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
臧	*ʔsaːŋ
牂	*ʔsaːŋ
戕	kaːl, ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ
贓	*ʔsaːŋ
藏	zaːŋ, zaːŋs
奘	zaːŋʔ, zaːŋs
臟	*zaːŋs
將	ʔsaŋ, ʔsaŋs
漿	*ʔsaŋ
鱂	*ʔsaŋ
蔣	ʔsaŋ, ʔsaŋʔ
螿	*ʔsaŋ
槳	*ʔsaŋʔ
獎	*ʔsaŋʔ
醬	*ʔsaŋs
鏘	*sʰaŋ
蹡	sʰaŋ, ʔshaŋs
嶈	*sʰaŋ
斨	*sʰaŋ
爿	braːn, zaŋ
牆	*zaŋ
妝	*ʔsraŋ
莊	*ʔsraŋ
裝	ʔsraŋ, ʔsraŋs
壯	*ʔsraŋs
疒	rnɯːɡ, zraŋ
床	*zraŋ
牀	*zraŋ
狀	*zraŋs

Etymology

Schuessler (2007) suggests that it may be related to Khmer រង (rɔɔng, “to support from below”), Old Mon [script needed] (joṅ, “couch; bedstead”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): chuáng (chuang²)
(Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄤˊ
(Chengdu, SP): cuang²
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чуон (čuon, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): cong⁴
(Taishan, Wiktionary): cong³
Gan (Wiktionary): cong²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhòng
(Meixian, Guangdong): cong²
Jin (Wiktionary): cuon¹
Min Bei (KCR): chô̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): chòng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chhn̂g / sn̂g / chhông
(Teochew, Peng'im): ceng⁵ / seng⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): zaan (T3)
Xiang (Wiktionary): jyan²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chuáng
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chuáng
  - Wade–Giles: chʻuang²
  - Yale: chwáng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwang
  - Palladius: чуан (čuan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰwɑŋ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: cuang²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cuong
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuaŋ²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чуон (čuon, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰuɑŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: cong⁴
  - Yale: chòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: cong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: cong³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔŋ²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: cong²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔŋ²⁴/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: congˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cong²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: cong²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: cuon¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰuɒ̃¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chô̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔŋ³³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chòng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰouŋ⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhn̂g
  - Tâi-lô: tshn̂g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhngg
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰŋ̍¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /t͡sʰŋ̍²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰŋ̍²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sn̂g
  - Tâi-lô: sn̂g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sngg
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /sŋ̍²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sŋ̍²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sŋ̍¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhông
  - Tâi-lô: tshông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhoong
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɔŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /t͡sʰɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɔŋ²³/

Note:

chhn̂g - vernacular (“bed”);
sn̂g - vernacular (“steamer basket”);
chhông - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ceng⁵ / seng⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshṳ̂ng / sṳ̂ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɯŋ⁵⁵/, /sɯŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

ceng5 - “bed; table”;
seng5 - vernacular (“steamer basket”).

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: zaan (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /z̥ɑ̃²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: jyan²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕyæn¹³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 床
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂʰuɑŋ³⁵/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂʰuaŋ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡sʰuɑŋ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂʰuaŋ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/ʈ͡ʂʰuaŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰuaŋ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/p͡fʰaŋ²⁴/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂʰuɔ̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂʰuɑŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/p͡fʰɑ̃⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂʰuɑŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡sʰuaŋ²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡sʰuaŋ³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡sʰuaŋ²¹/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂʰuã̠³¹/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂʰuaŋ²⁴/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂʰuɑ̃⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sʰuɒ̃¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡sʰuɑŋ¹³/ /suə¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡sʰuɑ̃³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/zɑ̃²³/
	Suzhou	/zɑ̃¹³/
	Hangzhou	/d͡zz̩ʷɑŋ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/jyɔ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/so⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/sau⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕyan¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɖ͡ʐɔn¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sʰɔŋ²⁴/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/
	Nanning	/t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/t͡sʰɔŋ³⁵/ /t͡sʰŋ̍³⁵/ /sŋ̍³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/t͡sʰouŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/t͡sʰɔŋ³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/t͡sʰɯŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/so³¹/

Middle Chinese: /d͡ʒɨɐŋ/

Rime
Character	床
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	崇 (20)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	士莊切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʒɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖ͡ʐiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʒiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖ͡ʐɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/d͡ʒiaŋ/
Wang Li	/d͡ʒĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɖ͡ʐʱi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chuáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cong⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*k.dzraŋ/
(Zhengzhang): /*zraŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	床
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chuáng
Middle Chinese	‹ dzrjang ›
Old Chinese	/*k.dzraŋ/
English	bed
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	床
Reading #	1/1
No.	10310
Phonetic component	爿
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	牀
Old Chinese	/*zraŋ/
Notes	俗牀字

Definitions

床

bed; couch (Classifier: 張／张 m c)
framework; chassis
車床／车床 ― chēchuáng ― lathe
牙床 ― yáchuáng ― gingiva
(Teochew, Leizhou Min, Hainanese, Puxian Min, Zhongshan Min) table
(obsolete) rails of the well
bottom; bed
河床 ― héchuáng ― riverbed
岩床 ― yánchuáng ― sill
Classifier for beddings.
一床棉被 ― yī chuáng miánbèi ― one cotton-wadded quilt

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 床 (“bed”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		床
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		床, 床鋪, 睡鋪, 臥床
Mandarin	Beijing	床
	Taiwan	床
	Tianjin	床
	Ulanhot	床
	Tongliao	床
	Chifeng	床
	Bayanhot	床
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	床
	Harbin	床
	Shenyang	床
	Yantai (Muping)	床
	Jinan	床
	Luoyang	床
	Wanrong	床
	Zhengzhou	床
	Xi'an	床, 床子
	Yinchuan	床
	Lanzhou	床
	Xining	床
	Ürümqi	床
	Wuhan	床, 鋪 with bedclothes
	Huanggang	床
	Chengdu	床, 鋪 with bedclothes, 床鋪 with bedclothes
	Guiyang	床
	Kunming	床
	Guilin	床鋪, 床
	Pingle	床鋪
	Liuzhou	床鋪, 床
	Luzhai	床鋪
	Nanning (Wuming)	床, 床鋪
	Binyang (Nanjie)	床
	Yizhou	床, 床鋪
	Luocheng (Dongmen)	床, 床鋪
	Tianlin (Langping)	床鋪
	Xuzhou	床
	Yangzhou	床
	Nanjing	床
	Hefei	床
	Malaysia	床
	Singapore	床
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	牙床, 被窩
	Dagudi (Maliba)	床
	Reshuitang (Longling)	床
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	床鋪
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	床
Cantonese	Guangzhou	床
	Hong Kong	床
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	床
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	眠床
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	眠床
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	眠床
	Taishan	床
	Dongguan	床, 眠床 Houjie
	Yangjiang	床
	Nanning	床鋪, 床
	Wuzhou	床鋪, 床
	Yulin	床鋪, 床
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	床鋪, 床
	Baise	床
	Qinzhou	床
	Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	床
	Beihai	床
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	床
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	床
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	床
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	床
	Singapore (Guangfu)	床
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	床
	Móng Cái	床
Gan	Nanchang	床
	Lichuan	床
	Pingxiang	床, 鋪 with bedclothes
Hakka	Meixian	眠床, 床
	Dabu (Xihe)	眠床
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	眠床
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	床
	Wuhua (Changbu)	床
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	眠床
	Jiexi	眠床
	Luhe	眠床
	Yudu	床
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	眠床
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	眠床
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	眠床
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	眠床
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	眠床
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	眠床
	Hong Kong	眠床
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	床鋪
	Bobai (Shahe)	床
	Sabah (Longchuan)	眠床
	Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	床
	Senai (Huiyang)	眠床
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	眠床
	Singkawang	眠床
Huizhou	Jixi	床
Jin	Taiyuan	床
	Xinzhou	床
	Taibus (Baochang)	床
	Linhe	床
	Jining	床
	Hohhot	床
	Baotou	床
	Dongsheng	床
	Haibowan	床
Min Bei	Jian'ou	床, 眠床
Min Dong	Fuzhou	眠床
	Changle	眠床
	Lianjiang	眠床
	Fuqing	眠床, 大床, 大鋪
	Yongtai	眠床
	Minqing	眠床
	Gutian	眠床
	Pingnan	床
	Luoyuan	眠床
	Fu'an	床
	Ningde	床
	Xiapu	床
	Zherong	眠床
	Shouning	床
	Zhouning	床
	Fuding	眠床
	Matsu	鋪
Min Nan	Xiamen	眠床
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	眠床, 床
	Quanzhou	眠床, 鋪
	Jinjiang	眠床
	Hui'an	眠床
	Yongchun	眠床
	Dehua	眠床
	Zhangzhou	眠床
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	眠床
	Hua'an	眠床
	Zhao'an	床
	Taipei	眠床
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	眠床
	Kaohsiung	眠床
	Yilan	眠床, 睏床
	Changhua (Lukang)	眠床
	Taichung	眠床
	Tainan	眠床
	Hsinchu	眠床
	Kinmen	眠床
	Penghu (Magong)	眠床
	Penang (Hokkien)	眠床
	Singapore (Hokkien)	眠床
	Manila (Hokkien)	眠床, 床
	Medan (Hokkien)	眠床
	Longyan	眠床
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	眠床鋪, 眠床
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	床鋪
	Chaozhou	眠床
	Shantou	眠床
	Shantou (Chenghai)	眠床
	Jieyang	眠床
	Lufeng	眠床
	Haifeng	眠床
	Bangkok (Teochew)	眠床
	Chiang Mai (Teochew)	眠床
	Hat Yai (Teochew)	眠床
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	床
	Singapore (Teochew)	眠床
	Leizhou	床
	Wenchang	床, 眠床
	Haikou	床
	Singapore (Hainanese)	床, 暝床
Puxian Min	Putian	鋪, 眠床 old wooden bed
Min Zhong	Yong'an	眠床
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	眠床
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	床
Shehua	Fu'an	床
	Fuding	床
	Luoyuan	床
	Sanming	床
	Shunchang	床
	Hua'an	床
	Guixi (Zhangping)	床
	Cangnan	床
	Jingning	床
	Lishui	床
	Longyou	床
	Chaozhou	床
	Fengshun	眠床
Wu	Shanghai	床, 眠床 dated
	Shanghai (Chongming)	床
	Suzhou	床
	Danyang	床
	Hangzhou	眠床, 床
	Ningbo	眠床
	Wenzhou	床, 眠床
	Jinhua	床
Xiang	Changsha	床, 床鋪, 鋪 with bedclothes
	Xiangxiang	床
	Loudi	床, 鋪 with bedclothes
	Shuangfeng	床, 床鋪, 鋪 with bedclothes
	Quanzhou	床

Dialectal synonyms of 桌子 (“table; desk”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		桌, 几案
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		桌子
Mandarin	Beijing	桌子
	Taiwan	桌子
	Tianjin	桌子
	Langfang	桌子
	Tangshan	桌子
	Cangzhou	桌子
	Baoding	桌子
	Shijiazhuang	桌子
	Daming	桌子
	Ulanhot	桌子
	Tongliao	桌子
	Chifeng	桌子
	Bayanhot	桌子
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	桌子
	Harbin	桌子
	Shenyang	桌子
	Yantai (Muping)	桌子
	Jinan	桌子
	Luoyang	桌子
	Wanrong	桌子
	Zhengzhou	桌子
	Xi'an	桌子
	Yinchuan	桌子
	Lanzhou	桌子
	Xining	桌子, 桌桌
	Ürümqi	桌子, 桌
	Wuhan	桌子
	Huanggang	桌子
	Chengdu	桌子
	Guiyang	桌子
	Kunming	桌子
	Guilin	桌子
	Liuzhou	桌子, 檯桌
	Xuzhou	桌子
	Yangzhou	桌子
	Nanjing	桌子
	Hefei	桌子
	Nantong	桌子
	Malaysia	桌子, 檯子
	Singapore	桌子
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	桌子
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	桌子
	Olginsky (Mikhaylovka)	桌子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	檯
	Hong Kong	檯
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	檯
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	檯
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	檯
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	檯
	Macau	檯
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	檯
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	檯
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	檯
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	檯
	Foshan	檯
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	檯
	Foshan (Shunde)	檯
	Foshan (Sanshui)	檯
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	檯
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	檯
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	檯
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	檯
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	檯
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	檯
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	檯
	Taishan	檯
	Kaiping (Chikan)	檯
	Enping (Niujiang)	檯
	Heshan (Yayao)	檯
	Dongguan	檯頭
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	檯
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	檯
	Qingyuan	檯
	Fogang	檯
	Yingde (Hanguang)	檯
	Yangshan	檯
	Lianshan (Butian)	檯桌
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	檯桌
	Shaoguan	檯
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	檯
	Renhua	檯
	Lechang	檯
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	檯
	Sihui	檯
	Guangning	檯
	Deqing	櫃檯
	Huaiji	檯
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	檯
	Yunfu	檯
	Xinxing	檯
	Luoding	檯
	Yunan (Pingtai)	檯
	Yangjiang	檯
	Xinyi	檯
	Maoming (Xinpo)	檯
	Lianjiang	檯
	Wuchuan (Wuyang)	檯
	Nanning	檯
	Wuzhou	檯
	Yulin	檯
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	檯
	Hepu (Shatian)	檯
	Guiping	檯
	Mengshan (Xihe)	檯
	Guigang (Nanjiang)	檯
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	檯
	Baise	檯
Bobai	檯
Lingshan	檯
Pubei	檯
Qinzhou	檯
Beihai	檯
Beihai (Nankang)	檯
Beihai (Yingpan)	檯盤
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	檯
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	檯
Ningming	檯
Hengxian	檯
Hezhou (Pumen)	檯
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	檯
Danzhou	檯
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	檯
Singapore (Guangfu)	檯
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	檯
Móng Cái	檯
Gan	Nanchang	桌子
	Lichuan	桌仔, 桌子
	Pingxiang	桌子
	Guixi	盤崽
Hakka	Meixian	桌仔, 桌
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	檯
	Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua)	檯, 桌
	Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua)	桌
	Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua)	桌
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	檯
	Longmen (Pingling Bendihua)	檯
	Longmen (Luxi Bendihua)	檯, 桌哎
	Boluo (Bendihua)	檯哎
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	檯
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	桌
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	桌
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	桌, 桌咧
	Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua)	檯
	Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua)	桌哎
	Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua)	桌
	Heping (Linzhai Bendihua)	檯
	Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua)	桌
	Lianping (Longjie Bendihua)	檯
	Wengyuan	檯頭
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	檯
	Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua)	檯
	Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua)	檯, 桌
	Liannan	檯桌
	Conghua (Lütian)	檯
	Jiexi	桌
	Luhe	桌仔
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	桌子
	Changting	桌子
	Wuping	桌子
	Wuping (Yanqian)	桌子
	Liancheng	桌子
	Ninghua	桌子, 桌
	Yudu	檯子, 桌子
	Ningdu	桌子
	Ruijin	桌子
	Shicheng	桌子
	Shangyou (Shexi)	檯
	Tonggu (Sandu)	桌
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	方檯
	Dayu	桌哩
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	桌仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	桌仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	桌仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	桌
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	桌仔, 桌
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	桌
	Hong Kong	桌頭, 檯
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	櫃檯
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	檯
	Xinyi (Sihe)	檯
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	檯
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	檯
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	檯, 桌
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	檯
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	檯
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	檯
	Hengxian (Xiaoyi)	檯盤
	Sabah (Longchuan)	桌
	Senai (Huiyang)	桌檯
	Senai (Hepo)	檯
	Singkawang	桌
Huizhou	Jixi	檯盤
	Shexian	桌
	Tunxi	桌
	Xiuning	桌
	Yixian	桌
	Qimen	桌
	Wuyuan	桌
	Fuliang	桌仂
	Dexing	桌
	Shitai (Xianyu)	檯
Jin	Taiyuan	桌子
	Pingyao	桌子
	Xinzhou	桌子
	Taibus (Baochang)	桌子
	Linhe	桌子
	Jining	桌子
	Hohhot	桌子
	Baotou	桌子
	Dongsheng	桌子
	Haibowan	桌子
	Zhangjiakou	桌子
	Handan	桌子
Min Bei	Jian'ou	桌
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	桌
	Songxi	桌
	Zhenghe	桌
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	桌
	Jianyang	桌
	Wuyishan	桌
	Pucheng (Shibei)	桌
Min Dong	Fuzhou	桌
	Changle	桌
	Fuqing	桌
	Pingtan	桌
	Yongtai	桌
	Gutian	桌
	Fu'an	桌
	Ningde	桌
	Shouning	桌
	Zhouning	桌
	Fuding	桌
	Matsu	桌
Min Nan	Xiamen	桌仔, 桌
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	桌仔
	Quanzhou	桌仔, 桌
	Jinjiang	桌仔
	Nan'an	桌
	Shishi	桌仔
	Hui'an	桌
	Anxi	桌
	Yongchun	桌
	Dehua	桌囝
	Zhangzhou	桌仔, 桌
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	桌仔
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	桌
	Hua'an	桌仔
	Nanjing	桌仔
	Pinghe	桌仔
	Zhangpu	桌仔
	Yunxiao	桌仔
	Zhao'an	桌仔
	Dongshan	桌仔
	Taipei	桌仔
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	桌仔
	Kaohsiung	桌仔
	Yilan	桌仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	桌仔
	Taichung	桌仔
	Tainan	桌仔
	Hsinchu	桌仔
	Kinmen	桌, 桌仔
	Penghu (Magong)	桌
	Penang (Hokkien)	桌, 桌頂
	Singapore (Hokkien)	桌, 桌仔
	Manila (Hokkien)	桌
	Medan (Hokkien)	桌頂
	Longyan	桌
	Zhangping	桌
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	桌 big table, 桌仔 small table
	Datian	桌床, 桌仔
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	檯
	Chaozhou	床
	Shantou	床
	Shantou (Chenghai)	床
	Jieyang	床
	Haifeng	床, 床頭
	Bangkok (Teochew)	床
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	桌, 床
	Singapore (Teochew)	床
	Leizhou	床
	Wenchang	床
	Haikou	床
	Qionghai	桌
	Singapore (Hainanese)	桌
Puxian Min	Putian	床
Puxian Min	Xianyou	床
Min Zhong	Yong'an	桌頭
	Sanyuan	桌頭
	Shaxian	桌頭
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	檯
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	床
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	檯
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	桌子
Shehua	Fu'an	桌
	Fuding	桌
	Luoyuan	桌
	Sanming	檯
	Shunchang	檯
	Hua'an	檯
	Guixi (Zhangping)	檯
	Cangnan	桌
	Jingning	桌
	Lishui	桌
	Longyou	桌
	Chaozhou	檯
	Fengshun	檯
Wu	Shanghai	檯子
	Shanghai (Chongming)	檯子
	Suzhou	檯子
	Wuxi	檯子
	Danyang	檯子
	Hangzhou	桌子
	Ningbo	桌凳
	Wenzhou	桌
	Jinhua	檯桌
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	桌
Xiang	Changsha	桌子
	Loudi	桌子, 檯子
	Shuangfeng	桌子
	Quanzhou	桌子

Dialectal synonyms of 條 (“(classifier for quilts)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		條, 床
Mandarin	Beijing	條, 床
	Taiwan	條
	Jinan	床
	Xi'an	條, 床
	Wuhan	床
	Chengdu	床
	Yangzhou	床
	Hefei	床
Cantonese	Guangzhou	張, 床
	Hong Kong	張, 床
	Yangjiang	番
	Nanning	番
Gan	Nanchang	床
Hakka	Meixian	番
Jin	Taiyuan	張, 條, 根
Min Bei	Jian'ou	床
Min Dong	Fuzhou	床
Min Nan	Xiamen	領, 床
	Quanzhou	領, 床
	Zhangzhou	領, 床
	Singapore (Hokkien)	領
	Chaozhou	領
	Shantou	領
Wu	Suzhou	條
Wu	Wenzhou	條, 床
Xiang	Changsha	鋪, 床
Xiang	Shuangfeng	床

Compounds

Derived terms from 床

一床三放
上下床 (shàngxiàchuáng)
上床 (shàngchuáng)
下床
交床
供床
倒枕捶床
停床
冰床 (bīngchuáng)
冷床
剪床
匟床
匡床
匣床
印床 (yìnchuáng)
吃床腿
吊床 (diàochuáng)
坐床
墨床
女床
安床
家庭病床 (jiātíng bìngchuáng)
小床 (xiǎochuáng)
尿床 (niàochuáng)
岩床
帆布床
床上 (chuángshàng)
床上功夫
床上安床 (chuángshàng'ānchuáng)
床上施床 (chuángshàngshīchuáng)
床下安床 (chuángxià'ānchuáng)
床位 (chuángwèi)
床公床婆
床包 (chuángbāo)
床子
床尾 (chuángwěi)
床屋
床板 (chuángbǎn)
床架 (chuángjià, “bed frame”)
床楞
床榻 (chuángtà)
床母
床沿
床笠 (chuánglì)
床笫 (chuángzǐ)
床笫之私 (chuángzǐzhīsī)
床罩 (chuángzhào)
床蓐
床褥 (chuángrù)
循衣摸床
怯床
打枕捶床
扶床
抱角床
押床

拉床
拔步床
拖床
捵床捵席
捶床拍枕
植床
椎床倒枕
榻床
水床
水晶床
河床 (héchuáng)
海床 (hǎichuáng)
灶床
牙床 (yáchuáng)
病床 (bìngchuáng)
眠床 (miánchuáng)
石床
碌架床
磨床
笭床
羊肉床子
胡床 (húchuáng)
苗床 (miáochuáng)
著床／着床 (zhuóchuáng)
藜床
虎床
象床 (xiàngchuáng)
起床 (qǐchuáng, “to get up”)
跋步床
踏床
踏步床
陪床的
鼓床
榨床
一床一臥／一床一卧
一床兩好／一床两好
下床氣／下床气
倒枕搥床／倒枕捶床
同床各夢／同床各梦
同床異夢／同床异梦 (tóngchuángyìmèng)
單人床／单人床 (dānrénchuáng)
坐床富貴／坐床富贵
坐床撒帳／坐床撒帐
坦腹東床／坦腹东床
夜雨對床／夜雨对床
對床夜語／对床夜语
對床風雨／对床风雨
床單／床单 (chuángdān, “bed sheet”)
床帳／床帐 (chuángzhàng)
床幃／床帏
床腳／床脚
床蝨／床虱 (chuángshī)
床鋪／床铺 (chuángpù, “bed”)
床頭／床头 (chuángtóu)
床頭人／床头人

床頭櫃／床头柜 (chuángtóuguì)
床頭金盡／床头金尽
彈簧床／弹簧床 (tánhuángchuáng)
懶床／懒床
捉奸見床／捉奸见床
捶床搗枕／捶床捣枕
搗枕搥床／捣枕捶床
據床指麾／据床指麾
東床／东床 (dōngchuáng)
東床坦腹／东床坦腹
東床嬌婿／东床娇婿
東床嬌客／东床娇客
東床快婿／东床快婿
樂床／乐床
機床／机床 (jīchuáng)
櫺床／棂床
沖床／冲床 (chōngchuáng)
沙發床／沙发床 (shāfāchuáng)
溫床／温床 (wēnchuáng)
瓦灶繩床／瓦灶绳床
疊床架屋／叠床架屋 (diéchuángjiàwū)
砂礫礦床／砂砾矿床
礤床兒／礤床儿 (cǎchuángr)
礦床／矿床 (kuàngchuáng)
禪床／禅床
筆床／笔床 (bǐchuáng)
繡床／绣床
繩床／绳床
繩床瓦灶／绳床瓦灶
臥床／卧床 (wòchuáng)
臥病在床／卧病在床 (wòbìngzàichuáng)
臨床／临床 (línchuáng)
臨床實驗／临床实验
臨床經驗／临床经验
臨床醫學／临床医学 (línchuáng yīxué)
行軍床／行军床
認床／认床 (rènchuáng)
賴床／赖床 (làichuáng)
車床／车床 (chēchuáng)
軟床／软床
轄床／辖床
鉋床／刨床
銑床／铣床 (xǐchuáng)
鋪床／铺床 (pūchuáng)
鋸床／锯床
鏇床子／旋床子
鏜床／镗床
鑽床／钻床
雞骨支床／鸡骨支床 (jīgǔzhīchuáng)
靈床／灵床
頂子床／顶子床
風雨對床／风雨对床
魚床子／鱼床子
龍床／龙床 (lóngchuáng)
龍門刨床／龙门刨床

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (床):

→ Japanese: 床(しょう) (shō)
→ Korean: 상(床) (sang)

Others:

→ Bouyei: xaangz (“bed”)
→ Zhuang: congz (“bed”)
→ Proto-Vietic: *k-ɟəːŋ (“bed”)
- Vietnamese: giường
- Chut: kəcɨːŋ²

Japanese

Kanji

床

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: じょう (jō)^{←じやう (zyau, historical)}
Kan-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
Kan’yō-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
Kun: ゆか (yuka, 床, Jōyō); とこ (toko, 床, Jōyō); ゆかしい (yukashii, 床しい)

Compounds

同(どう)床(しょう) (dōshō): sharing a bed

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
床
ゆか Grade: S
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. Attested in the 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki), completed in 720 and one of the earliest works written in Japanese (see Wikipedia:Nihon Shoki), with a meaning of bed.

According to the 和句解 (Wakuge), published in 1668 by early Edo-period scholar Matsunaga Teitoku (松永貞徳; see Wikipedia:ja:松永貞徳), derives from ゆか (yuka) as the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) stem of the verb 行く (yuku, “to go”) of an original meaning similar to "not going", in reference to a place where one sits down to rest.

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) ゆか [yùká] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [jɯ̟ᵝka̠]

Noun

床(ゆか) • (yuka)

the floor (the bottom surface of a room)
床(ゆか)を掃(は)く
yuka o haku
to sweep the floor
a bed
(theater) a raised area of a stage where a presenter or musician sits
a raised platform erected along the Kamo River in Kyōto in summer, used as an outdoor tea shop or restaurant

Antonyms

(floor): 天(てん)井(じょう) (tenjō): ceiling

Coordinate terms

(floor): 壁(かべ) (kabe): wall

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
床
とこ Grade: S
kun’yomi

⟨to₂ko₂⟩ → /toko/

From Old Japanese. Cognate with 所 (tokoro, “place”). Attested since at least the Nara period, appearing in the Man'yōshū, completed in 759.[3][4]

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) とこ [tòkó] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [to̞ko̞]

Noun

床(とこ) • (toko)

a raised platform roughly 30cm tall used in dirt-floored rooms as a seat
a raised area on which to sleep: a bed
a sickbed
the floor
tatami mats
the seat of an oxcart
short for 床間 / 床の間 (toko no ma): an alcove with a raised floor along one wall of a traditional Japanese living room
an alcove with a raised floor used as a study: see 付書院 (tsuke shoin)
a box seat, such as at a parade, theater, or stadium
short for 床店 (tokomise): a stall with a raised floor used as a store
short for 床屋 (tokoya): a barbershop, from how such shops were historically often tokomise
short for 床船梁 (toko funabari), 舵床 (kajidoko): the large wooden beam at the very aft of a traditional wood-hulled Japanese ship, upon which the rudder is seated
the heel of a plough; the part of the bottom of a plough that touches the ground and guides the ploughshare
short for 苗床 (naedoko): a seedbed
short for 鉄床, 金床 (kanatoko): an anvil

Synonyms

(sickbed): 病(びょう)床(しょう) (byōshō), 病(びょう)褥(じょく) (byōjoku)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
床
しょう Grade: S
kan’yōon

Alternative spelling
牀

/ʑau/ → /ɕau/ → /ɕɔː/ → /ɕoː/

From Middle Chinese 床 (MC d͡ʒɨɐŋ). Devoicing apparently occurred after borrowing.

Pronunciation

Kan’yōyomi

(Tokyo) しょー [shóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕo̞ː]

Noun

床(しょう) • (shō)

sickbed

Counter

床(しょう) • (-shō) ^{←しやう (syau)^?}

beds

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 20, poem 4331), text here

Korean

Hanja

床 (eumhun 평상 상 (pyeongsang sang))

Hanja form^? of 상 (“bed, couch; framework, chassis”).

Vietnamese

Han character

床: Hán Nôm readings: sàng, giàn, giường, sường, giàng, rương

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[KDJ-3] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[4] . 759, Man'yōshū (book 20, poem 4331), text here