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单词 平和
释义

平和

Chinese

Etymology 1

 
flat; level; equal
flat; level; equal; to make the same score; to tie; to draw; calm; peaceful
 
mix together; peace; harmony
mix together; peace; harmony; and; with; union; cap (a poem); respond in singing; soft; warm
simp. and trad.
(平和)		平和
anagram和平

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pínghé
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄏㄜˊ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): ping4 wo4
  • Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phiàng-fò / phìn-fò
  • Min Dong (BUC): bìng-huò
  • Min Nan (POJ): pêng-hô / pêng-hô͘
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: pínghé
      • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄏㄜˊ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: pínghé
      • Wade–Giles: pʻing2-ho2
      • Yale: píng-hé
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyngher
      • Palladius: пинхэ (pinxɛ)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pʰiŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: ping4 wo4
      • Yale: pìhng wòh
      • Cantonese Pinyin: ping4 wo4
      • Guangdong Romanization: ping4 wo4
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɪŋ²¹ wɔː²¹/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phiàng-fò / phìn-fò
      • Hakka Romanization System: piangˇ foˇ / pinˇ foˇ
      • Hagfa Pinyim: piang2 fo2 / pin2 fo2
      • Sinological IPA: /pʰi̯aŋ¹¹ fo¹¹/, /pʰin¹¹ fo¹¹/
Note: phiàng-fò - only "placid, polite".
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: bìng-huò
      • Sinological IPA (key): /piŋ⁵³⁻³³ (h-)ŋuo⁵³/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pêng-hô
      • Tâi-lô: pîng-hô
      • Phofsit Daibuun: penghooi
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /piɪŋ²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/
      • IPA (Taipei): /piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/
      • IPA (Zhangzhou): /piɪŋ¹³⁻²² ho¹³/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ho²⁴/
    • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pêng-hô͘
      • Tâi-lô: pîng-hôo
      • Phofsit Daibuun: penghoo
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔ²⁴/

Adjective

平和

  1. having a mild temperament; polite
  2. peaceful; placid
    心境平和  ―  xīnjìng pínghé  ―  peace of mind
  3. harmonious; concordant
Synonyms
  • (having a mild temperament):
edit
  • 平易 (píngyì)
  • 惠 (huì) (literary, or in compounds)
  • 柔和 (róuhé) (also of sound, voice, colour, lighting, etc.)
  • 柔順／柔顺 (róushùn)
  • 溫和／温和 (wēnhé)
  • 溫存／温存 (wēncún)
  • 溫柔／温柔 (wēnróu) (especially of a woman)
  • (peaceful):
edit
Synonyms of 平和
  • (harmonious):
edit
Synonyms of 平和

Proper noun

平和

  1. (～縣) Pinghe (a county of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)
  2. (～村) Pinghe (a rural village in Cimei, Penghu, Taiwan)

Etymology 2

 
flat; level; equal
flat; level; equal; to make the same score; to tie; to draw; calm; peaceful
 
mix together; peace; harmony
mix together; peace; harmony; and; with; union; cap (a poem); respond in singing; soft; warm
simp. and trad.
(平和)		平和
alternative forms平胡
平糊 Cantonese
anagram和平

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pínghú
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): ping4 wu4-2
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: pínghú
      • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: pínghú
      • Wade–Giles: pʻing2-hu2
      • Yale: píng-hú
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pynghwu
      • Palladius: пинху (pinxu)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pʰiŋ³⁵ xu³⁵/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: ping4 wu4-2
      • Yale: pìhng wú
      • Cantonese Pinyin: ping4 wu4-2
      • Guangdong Romanization: ping4 wu4-2
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɪŋ²¹ wuː²¹⁻³⁵/

Noun

平和

  1. (mahjong) a winning hand in which every meld is a chow, and the pair does not consist of wind or dragon tiles (in Hong Kong mahjong, the pair can consist of wind or dragon tiles)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
平和
へい
Grade: 3		わ
Grade: 3
on’yomi

First attested in the Meiji era.

Rearrangement of 和平 (wahei, “peace”), likely that 平 (hei) also means "flat", therefore switching the kanji meant "calm, equal + harmony → peace". (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

  • On’yomi
    • (Tokyo) へーわ [hèéwá] (Heiban – [0])[1]
    • IPA(key): [he̞ːɰᵝa̠]

Adjective

平(へい)和(わ) • (heiwa) -na (adnominal 平(へい)和(わ)な (heiwa na), adverbial 平(へい)和(わ)に (heiwa ni))

  1. peaceful
    平(へい)和(わ)な世(せ)界(かい)。
    Heiwa na sekai.
    A peaceful world.
  2. calm
Inflection
Inflection of 平和
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)平和だろへいわだろheiwa daro
Continuative (連用形)平和でへいわでheiwa de
Terminal (終止形)平和だへいわだheiwa da
Attributive (連体形)平和なへいわなheiwa na
Hypothetical (仮定形)平和ならへいわならheiwa nara
Imperative (命令形)平和であれへいわであれheiwa de are
Key constructions
Informal negative平和ではない
平和じゃない		へいわではない
へいわじゃない		heiwa de wa nai
heiwa ja nai
Informal past平和だったへいわだったheiwa datta
Informal negative past平和ではなかった
平和じゃなかった		へいわではなかった
へいわじゃなかった		heiwa de wa nakatta
heiwa ja nakatta
Formal平和ですへいわですheiwa desu
Formal negative平和ではありません
平和じゃありません		へいわではありません
へいわじゃありません		heiwa de wa arimasen
heiwa ja arimasen
Formal past平和でしたへいわでしたheiwa deshita
Formal negative past平和ではありませんでした
平和じゃありませんでした		へいわではありませんでした
へいわじゃありませんでした		heiwa de wa arimasen deshita
heiwa ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive平和でへいわでheiwa de
Conditional平和なら（ば）へいわなら（ば）heiwa nara (ba)
Provisional平和だったらへいわだったらheiwa dattara
Volitional平和だろうへいわだろうheiwa darō
Adverbial平和にへいわにheiwa ni
Degree平和さへいわさheiwasa
Classical conjugation of "平和なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)平和ならへいわならfeiwanara
Continuative (連用形)平和に[1]
平和なり[2]		へいわに
へいわなり		feiwani
feiwanari
Terminal (終止形)平和なりへいわなりfeiwanari
Attributive (連体形)平和なるへいわなるfeiwanaru
Realis (已然形)平和なれへいわなれfeiwanare
Imperative (命令形)平和なれへいわなれfeiwanare
Key constructions
Negative平和ならずへいわならずfeiwanarazu
Contrasting conjunction平和なれどへいわなれどfeiwanaredo
Causal conjunction平和なればへいわなればfeiwanareba
Conditional conjunction平和ならばへいわならばfeiwanaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)平和なりきへいわなりきfeiwanariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)平和なりけりへいわなりけりfeiwanarikeri
Adverbial平和にへいわにfeiwani
[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.

Noun

平(へい)和(わ) • (heiwa) 

  1. peace, a peaceful situation
    何(ど)処(こ)かに平(へい)和(わ)が有(あ)るならば、いつか花(はな)も咲(さ)く。
    Doko ka ni heiwa ga aru nara ba, itsuka hana mo saku.
    If there is peace, someday the flowers shall bloom.
  2. calm, calmness
Synonyms
  • 平(へい)安(あん) (heian)
  • 平(へい)静(せい) (heisei)
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 平(へい)和(わ)維(い)持(じ)活(かつ)動(どう) (heiwa iji katsudō)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)維(い)持(じ)軍(ぐん) (heiwa iji-gun)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)運(うん)動(どう) (heiwa undō)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)会(かい)議(ぎ) (heiwa kaigi)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)学(がく) (heiwa-gaku)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)革(かく)命(めい) (heiwa kakumei)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)義(ぎ)務(む) (heiwa gimu)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)共(きょう)存(そん) (heiwa kyōson)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)祈(き)念(ねん)像(ぞう) (Heiwa Kinen-zō)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)研(けん)究(きゅう) (heiwa kenkyū)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)憲(けん)法(ぽう) (Heiwa Kenpō)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)公(こう)園(えん) (Heiwa Kōen)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)産(さん)業(ぎょう) (heiwa sangyō)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)主(しゅ)義(ぎ) (heiwa shugi)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)条(じょう)項(こう) (heiwa jōkō)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)条(じょう)約(やく) (heiwa jōyaku)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)宣(せん)言(げん) (Heiwa Sengen)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)に対(たい)する罪(つみ) (heiwa ni tai suru tsumi)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)の鐘(かね) (Heiwa no Kane)
  • 平(へい)和(わ)部(ぶ)隊(たい) (Heiwa Butai)
  • 消(しょう)極(きょく)的(てき)平(へい)和(わ) (shōkyoku-teki heiwa)
  • 世(せ)界(かい)平(へい)和(わ) (sekai heiwa)
  • 積(せっ)極(きょく)的(てき)平(へい)和(わ) (sekkyoku-teki heiwa)
  • 武(ぶ)装(そう)平(へい)和(わ) (busō heiwa)

Proper noun

平(へい)和(わ) • (Heiwa) 

  1. a female given name
  2. a place name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
平和
ぴん
Grade: 3		ふ
Grade: 3
irregular

Borrowing from Chinese 平和 (pínghú).[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • (Irregular reading)
    • (Tokyo) ピンフ [pìńfú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
    • IPA(key): [pʲĩɰ̃ɸɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

平和(ピンフ) or 平和(ピンホー) • (pinfu or pinhō) 

  1. (mahjong) no points hand: a 役 (yaku, “winning hand”) that does not have any of the following: triplets, quads, the player's seat wind, the prevailing wind, or dragons; and the winning tile completes a two-sided wait sequence; worth 1 翻 (han, “double”)
Derived terms
  • 平(ピン)和(フ)自摸(ツモ) (pinfu-tsumo)

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Anagrams

  • 和平(わへい) (wahei)

Korean

Hanja in this term
平和

Noun

平和 • (pyeonghwa) (hangeul 평화)

  1. Hanja form? of 평화 (“peace”).
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