平上去入

平上去入

Chinese

		flat; level; equal flat; level; equal; to make the same score; to tie; to draw; calm; peaceful	up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up	to go; to leave; to remove	to enter
simp. and trad. (平上去入)		平	上	去	入

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): píngshǎngqùrù

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄕㄤˇ ㄑㄩˋ ㄖㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ping⁴ soeng⁵ heoi³ jap⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: píngshǎngqùrù
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄕㄤˇ ㄑㄩˋ ㄖㄨˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyngshaangchiwruh
    • IPA ^(key): /pʰiŋ³⁵ ʂɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ping⁴ soeng⁵ heoi³ jap⁶
    • Yale: pìhng séuhng heui yahp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ping⁴ soeng⁵ hoey³ jap⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ping⁴ sêng⁵ hêu³ yeb⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /pʰɪŋ²¹ sœ̽ːŋ¹³ hɵy̯³³ jɐp̚²/

Noun

平上去入

1. (Chinese phonetics) the four tones of Middle Chinese: level, rising, departing and checked

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (平上去入):

• → Japanese: 平 (ひょう)上 (じょう)去 (きょ)入 (にゅう) (hyōjōkyonyū)

---

Japanese

Kanji in this term
平	上	去	入
ひょう Grade: 3	じょう Grade: 1	きょ Grade: 3	にゅう Grade: 1
kan’yōon	goon	kan’on	goon

Etymology

From Mandarin 平上去入 (píngshǎngqùrù).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
  • (Tokyo) ひょーじょーきょにゅう [hyòójóókyónyúú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [ço̞ːʑo̞ːkʲo̞ɲ̟ɯ̟ᵝː]

Noun

平上去入 (hiragana ひょうじょうきょにゅう, rōmaji hyōjōkyonyū, historical hiragana ひやうじやうきよにふ)

1. (phonetics) the four tones of Middle Chinese:
   1. 平声 (hyōshō, “level tone”)
   2. 上声 (jōshō, “rising tone”)
   3. 去声 (kyoshō, “departing tone”)
   4. 入声 (nisshō, “checked tone”)

See also

• 四 (し)声 (しょう) (shishō), 四 (し)声 (せい) (shisei)

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN