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单词
释义

See also: and
U+5DDE, 州
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DDE

[U+5DDD]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5DDF]

Translingual

Han character

Stroke order

(Kangxi radical 47, +3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 戈中戈中 (ILIL), four-corner 32000, composition ⿻⿲丿丶(GJKV) or ⿻⿲丶丶(HT))

Derived characters

  • 㖄 洲 栦 絒 𧋀 詶 酬 銂 駲 喌

Alternative forms

  • 𠂗 刕

Descendants

References

  • KangXi: page 324, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8678
  • Dae Jaweon: page 624, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 46, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5DDE

Chinese

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms𠄓

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
ShangWestern ZhouWarring StatesShuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone scriptBronze inscriptionsBronze inscriptionsChu slip and silk scriptSmall seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) – islet in a river.

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhōu (zhou1)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄡ
  • Cantonese
    (Guangzhou, Jyutping): zau1
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ziu1
  • Gan (Wiktionary): ziu1
  • Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chû
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zu1
  • Jin (Wiktionary): zou1
  • Min Bei (KCR): ciú
  • Min Dong (BUC): ciŭ
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): chiu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ziu1
  • Wu (Wiktionary): tseu (T1)
  • Xiang (Wiktionary): zhou1

  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: zhōu
      • Zhuyin: ㄓㄡ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: jhou
      • Wade–Giles: chou1
      • Yale: jōu
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jou
      • Palladius: чжоу (čžou)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: zau1
      • Yale: jāu
      • Cantonese Pinyin: dzau1
      • Guangdong Romanization: zeo1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/
    • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
      • Wiktionary: ziu1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siu³³/
  • Gan
    • (Nanchang)
      • Wiktionary: ziu1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɨu⁴²/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chû
      • Hakka Romanization System: zu´
      • Hagfa Pinyim: zu1
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡su²⁴/
    • (Meixian)
      • Guangdong: zu1
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡su⁴⁴/
  • Jin
    • (Taiyuan)+
      • Wiktionary: zou1
      • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡səu¹¹/
  • Min Bei
    • (Jian'ou)
      • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ciú
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siu⁵⁴/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: ciŭ
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sieu⁵⁵/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiu
      • Tâi-lô: tsiu
      • Phofsit Daibuun: ciw
      • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕiu⁴⁴/
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiu³³/
      • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiu⁴⁴/
      • IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕiu⁴⁴/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiu⁴⁴/
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: ziu1
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiu
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siu³³/
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: tseu (T1)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɜ⁵³/
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: zhou1
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂəu³³/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /t͡səu³³/

  • Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕɨu/
Rime
Character
Reading #1/1
Initial () (23)
Final () (136)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)Open
Division ()III
Fanqie職流切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕɨu/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiu/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cuw/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕiu/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhōu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zau1
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tu/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tju/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhōu
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyuw ›
Old
Chinese
/*tu/
Englishislet in stream; province

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading #1/1
No.17493
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*tju/

Definitions

  1. Alternative form of (zhōu, “islet in a river”).
  2. (historical, now still used in place names) zhou (a type of historical political divisions of China, usually translated as prefecture or province)
       Yángzhōu   (historical) Yang Province; (modern) Yangzhou
  3. Short for 自治州 (zìzhìzhōu).
  4. state; canton; oblast (of some countries)

Synonyms

  • (state): (Dungan) область

See also

  • 省份 (shěngfèn), (shěng, “province”)
  • (xiàn, “county”)

Descendants

  • Lü: ᦵᦋᦲᧁᧈ (tsoew¹)
  • Manchu: ᠵᡝᠣ (jeo)
  • Mongolian: ᠵᠧᠦ (ǰēü), жүү (žüü)
  • Khotanese: -cū
    • Old Turkic: 𐰲𐰆𐰉 (čub¹)

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: (su)
  • Kan-on: しゅう (shū, Jōyō)しう (siu, historical)
  • Kun: (su, , Jōyō); しま (shima, )

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
しゅう
Grade: 3
kan’on

From Middle Chinese (MC t͡ɕɨu).

Noun

(しゅう) (shū) しう (siu)?

  1. first-level administrative division of some countries, such as: (1) state of the United States, Australia, India, Nigeria and Germany; (2) province of Canada; (3) canton of Switzerland; etc.
  2. used in place names, usually associated with (historical) political divisions
Compounds
  • ()()(しゅう) (jichishū)
  • (どう)(しゅう)(せい) (dōshūsei)
  • (きゅう)(しゅう) (Kyūshū)
  • (ほん)(しゅう) (Honshū)
  • (ごう)(しゅう) (Gōshū)
  • ()(しゅう) (Bishū)
  • (ちょう)(しゅう) (chōshū)
  • (おう)(しゅう) (ōshū)
  • ()() (zasu)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
しゅう
Grade: 3
kan’on
Alternative spelling
(dated)

is a daiyōji replacing .

Suffix

(しゅう) (-shū) しう (siu)?

  1. continent
  2. used in place names
Compounds
  • (おう)(しゅう) (Ōshū, Europe)
  • (まん)(しゅう) (Manshū, Manchuria)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
【す】H
[noun] sandbank, sandbar
Alternative spellings
,
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 고을 주 (go'eul ju))

  1. Hanja form? of (state; province).

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: châu, chu

  1. state, province
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