尽くす
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 尽 |
| つ Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 盡くす (kyūjitai) 尽す |
Etymology
From Old Japanese [script needed] (tukusu). Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE, spelled phonetically in man'yōgana as 都久須.[1]
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) つくす [tsùkúꜜsù] (Nakadaka – [2])
- IPA(key): [t͡sɨᵝkɯ̟ᵝsɨᵝ]
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "尽くす"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 尽くす | つくす | [tsùkúꜜsù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 尽くせ | つくせ | [tsùkúꜜsè] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 尽くされる | つくされる | [tsùkúsáréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 尽くさせる | つくさせる | [tsùkúsáséꜜrù] |
| Potential | 尽くせる | つくせる | [tsùkúséꜜrù] |
| Volitional | 尽くそう | つくそー | [tsùkúsóꜜò] |
| Negative | 尽くさない | つくさない | [tsùkúsáꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 尽くさなかった | つくさなかった | [tsùkúsáꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 尽くします | つくします | [tsùkúshímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 尽くした | つくした | [tsùkúꜜshìtà] |
| Conjunctive | 尽くして | つくして | [tsùkúꜜshìtè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 尽くせば | つくせば | [tsùkúꜜsèbà] |
Verb
尽くす • (tsukusu) godan (stem 尽くし (tsukushi), past 尽くした (tsukushita))
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 尽くす |
| mediopassive | 尽きる |
- To exhaust; deplete; use up.
- 1632: Diego Collado, Dictionarium Sive Thesauri Linguae Iaponicae Compendium
- Exhaurio, is: agotar: tçucuxi, u.
- 1632: Diego Collado, Dictionarium Sive Thesauri Linguae Iaponicae Compendium
- serve, assist
Conjugation
Conjugation of "尽くす" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 尽くさ | つくさ | tsukusa |
| Continuative (連用形) | 尽くし | つくし | tsukushi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 尽くす | つくす | tsukusu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 尽くす | つくす | tsukusu |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 尽くせ | つくせ | tsukuse |
| Imperative (命令形) | 尽くせ | つくせ | tsukuse |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 尽くされる | つくされる | tsukusareru |
| Causative | 尽くさせる 尽くさす | つくさせる つくさす | tsukusaseru tsukusasu |
| Potential | 尽くせる | つくせる | tsukuseru |
| Volitional | 尽くそう | つくそう | tsukusō |
| Negative | 尽くさない | つくさない | tsukusanai |
| Negative continuative | 尽くさず | つくさず | tsukusazu |
| Formal | 尽くします | つくします | tsukushimasu |
| Perfective | 尽くした | つくした | tsukushita |
| Conjunctive | 尽くして | つくして | tsukushite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 尽くせば | つくせば | tsukuseba |
Classical conjugation of "尽くす" (サ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 尽くさ | つくさ | tukusa |
| Continuative (連用形) | 尽くし | つくし | tukusi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 尽くす | つくす | tukusu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 尽くす | つくす | tukusu |
| Realis (已然形) | 尽くせ | つくせ | tukuse |
| Imperative (命令形) | 尽くせ | つくせ | tukuse |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 尽くさず | つくさず | tukusazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 尽くせど | つくせど | tukusedo |
| Causal conjunction | 尽くせば | つくせば | tukuseba |
| Conditional conjunction | 尽くさば | つくさば | tukusaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 尽くしき | つくしき | tukusiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 尽くしけり | つくしけり | tukusikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 尽くしつ | つくしつ | tukusitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 尽くしぬ | つくしぬ | tukusinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 尽くせり 尽くしたり | つくせり つくしたり | tukuseri tukusitari |
| Volitional | 尽くさむ | つくさむ | tukusamu |
Suffix
尽くす • (-tsukusu)
- to do to exhaustion, to do something completely
- 言い尽くす
- iitsukusu
- to say completely
- 2005, LindaAI-CUE (lyrics), “エージェント夜を往く (Ējento yoru o iku) [Agent goes in the night]”, in THE IDOLM@STER [THE IDOLM@STER]:
- あなただけが使えるテクニックで
溶かしつくして- anata dake ga tsukaeru tekunikku de
tokashitsukushite - Melt me away,
with your exclusive techniques
- anata dake ga tsukaeru tekunikku de
- あなただけが使えるテクニックで
- 言い尽くす
Usage notes
Attach after the 連用形 (ren'yōkei) of a verb.
References
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 18, poem 4122)