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单词 就
释义

就

就 U+5C31, 就
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C31
← 尰
[U+5C30]		CJK Unified Ideographs尲 →
[U+5C32]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

就 (Kangxi radical 43, 尢+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 卜火戈大山 (YFIKU), four-corner 03914, composition ⿰京尤)

Derived characters

  • 僦 憱 噈 㩆 殧 蹴 𤎼 蹵 鷲(鹫) 㠇

References

  • KangXi: page 299, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7599
  • Dae Jaweon: page 594, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 555, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+5C31

Chinese

simp. and trad.
就

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 就
ShangWestern ZhouWarring StatesShuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone scriptBronze inscriptionsChu slip and silk scriptSmall seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
Bronze inscriptions

b08325

b08326

b08327

b08328

b08329

b08330

b08331

Small seal script

s03836

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (就) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
僦*ʔsuɡs
就*zuɡs
鷲*zuɡs
殧*zuɡs, *ʔsuɡ, *sʰuɡ
噈*ʔsuɡ
蹴*ʔsuɡ, *sʰuɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 京 + 尤. Shuowen defines it as meaning "high" (“高也”), hence 京.

Etymology

Cognate with 造 (OC *skʰuːɡs, “to proceed to”) (Wang, 1982).

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Standard)
    (Pinyin): jiù (jiu4)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄡˋ
    (Chengdu, SP): jiu4
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): зу (zu, III)
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): zau6
  • Gan (Wiktionary): qiu5
  • Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhiu
    (Meixian, Guangdong): qiu4
  • Jin (Wiktionary): jiou3
  • Min Dong (BUC): cêu
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): chiū / tio̍h / to̍h / tiō / tō
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ziu6
  • Wu (Wiktionary): xxieu (T3); jjieu (T3); xxeu (T3)
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: jiù
      • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄡˋ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: jiòu
      • Wade–Giles: chiu4
      • Yale: jyòu
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiow
      • Palladius: цзю (czju)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕjoʊ̯⁵¹/
    • (Chengdu)
      • Sichuanese Pinyin: jiu4
      • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giu
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiəu²¹³/
    • (Dungan)
      • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: зу (zu, III)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sou⁴⁴/
      (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: zau6
      • Yale: jauh
      • Cantonese Pinyin: dzau6
      • Guangdong Romanization: zeo6
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɐu̯²²/
  • Gan
    • (Nanchang)
      • Wiktionary: qiu5
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiu¹¹/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiu
      • Hakka Romanization System: qiu
      • Hagfa Pinyim: qiu4
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕʰi̯u⁵⁵/
    • (Meixian)
      • Guangdong: qiu4
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕʰiu⁵³/
  • Jin
    • (Taiyuan)+
      • Wiktionary: jiou3
      • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiəu⁴⁵/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: cêu
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siɛu²⁴²/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiū
      • Tâi-lô: tsiū
      • Phofsit Daibuun: ciu
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiu⁴¹/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiu²²/
      • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiu³³/
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tio̍h
      • Tâi-lô: tio̍h
      • Phofsit Daibuun: dioih
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɤʔ⁴/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /tioʔ⁴/
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: to̍h
      • Tâi-lô: to̍h
      • Phofsit Daibuun: doih
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤʔ⁴/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /toʔ⁴/
    • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiō
      • Tâi-lô: tiō
      • Phofsit Daibuun: dioi
      • IPA (Taipei): /tio³³/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɤ³³/
    • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tō
      • Tâi-lô: tō
      • Phofsit Daibuun: doi
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ³³/
      • IPA (Taipei): /to³³/
Note:
  • chiū - literary (“to approach, to undertake, to comply, with regard to”);
  • tio̍h/to̍h/tiō/tō - semantic (“at once, then, as soon as, exactly”, also written as 著／着).
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: ziu6
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiŭ
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siu³⁵/
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: xxieu (T3); jjieu (T3); xxeu (T3)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ʑ̥iɜ²³/, /d̥͡ʑiɜ²³/, /ʑ̥ɜ²³/
Note:
  • 3jjieu - influenced by Mandarin;
  • 3xxeu - less common.
  • Middle Chinese: /d͡zɨuH/
Rime
Character就
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)從 (15)
Final (韻)尤 (136)
Tone (調)Departing (H)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)III
Fanqie疾僦切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/d͡zɨuH/
Pan
Wuyun		/d͡ziuH/
Shao
Rongfen		/d͡ziəuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/d͡zuwH/
Li
Rong		/d͡ziuH/
Wang
Li		/d͡zĭəuH/
Bernard
Karlgren		/d͡zʱi̯ə̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		jiù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		zau6
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]u[k]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*zuɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character就
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		jiù
Middle
Chinese		‹ dzjuwH ›
Old
Chinese		/*[dz]u[k]-s/
Englishgo to

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character就
Reading #1/1
No.6994
Phonetic
component		就
Rime
group		奧
Rime
subdivision		1
Corresponding
MC rime		就
Old
Chinese		/*zuɡs/
Notes秦簡漢帛右皆從又，
下加點劃，此表京已築就。決非尤聲

Definitions

就

  1. to approach; to move towards
  2. to reach; to arrive at
  3. to undertake; to engage in
    就業／就业  ―  jiùyè  ―  to get a job; employment
  4. to succeed; to complete
  5. to comply; to follow; to accept
  6. to suffer; to be subjected to
  7. (of food) to go with
  8. with regard to; concerning
  9. even if; even though
  10. at once; right away
    我馬上就來。／我马上就来。  ―  Wǒ mǎshàng jiù lái.  ―  I'll come right away.
  11. (used for emphasis) exactly; precisely; just
    這就對了！／这就对了！  ―  Zhè jiù duì le!  ―  That's just it!
    他就住在街對面。／他就住在街对面。  ―  Tā jiù zhù zài jiē duìmiàn.  ―  He lives just across the street.
  12. only; merely; just
    我就認識一個中國人。 [MSC, trad.]
    我就认识一个中国人。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ jiù rènshí yī ge zhōngguó rén. [Pinyin]
    I only know one Chinese person.
    房間裡就一張床，一張桌子。 [MSC, trad.]
    房间里就一张床，一张桌子。 [MSC, simp.]
    Fángjiān lǐ jiù yī zhāng chuáng, yī zhāng zhuōzǐ. [Pinyin]
    There's only one bed and one table in the room.
    我工資就五千塊，他買件衣服就一萬塊。人和人的差距真是太大了。 [MSC, trad.]
    我工资就五千块，他买件衣服就一万块。人和人的差距真是太大了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ gōngzī jiù wǔ qiān kuài, tā mǎi jiàn yīfú jiù yī wàn kuài. Rén hé rén de chājù zhēn shì tài dà le. [Pinyin]
    My salary is only five thousand yuan, and he buys clothes that are as much as ten thousand yuan. The disparity between people truly is too large.
    Synonym: 只 (zhǐ)
  13. then
    我做完就會告訴你。 [MSC, trad.]
    我做完就会告诉你。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ zuòwán jiù huì gàosù nǐ. [Pinyin]
    I will tell you when I have finished.
    沒有共產黨就沒有新中國。 [MSC, trad.]
    没有共产党就没有新中国。 [MSC, simp.]
    Méiyǒu gòngchǎndǎng jiù méiyǒu xīn zhōngguó. [Pinyin]
    [If] there was no Communist Party, [then] there would be no new China
    日日就知道玩手機 [Cantonese, trad.]
    日日就知道玩手机 [Cantonese, simp.]
    jat6 jat6 zau6 zi1 dou3 waan2 sau2 gei1 [Jyutping]
    does nothing but stare at their phone all day, every day
  14. (used to express earliness) as early as; as soon as
    我一大早就起床。  ―  Wǒ yīdàzǎo jiù qǐchuáng.  ―  I'm up with the sun.
  15. as many as; as much as
  16. Used between two identical words to express indifference or resignation.
    去就去，反正在家也沒事。 [MSC, trad.]
    去就去，反正在家也没事。 [MSC, simp.]
    Qù jiù qù, fǎnzhèng zài jiā yě méi shì. [Pinyin]
    If you want to go, then go. Besides, there's nothing happening at home.
  17. Alternative form of 鷲／鹫 (jiù).

Synonyms

  • (to approach):
edit
  • 接近 (jiējìn)
  • 迫近 (pòjìn)
  • 逼倚 (Min Nan)
  • 逼近 (bījìn)
  • 攝／摄 (shè) (literary, or in compounds)
  • 湊近／凑近 (còujìn)
  • 貼近／贴近 (tiējìn)
  • 迫臨／迫临 (pòlín)
  • (to reach):
edit
  • 來到／来到 (láidào)
  • 來臨／来临 (láilín)
  • 到來／到来 (dàolái)
  • 到達／到达 (dàodá)
  • 抵達／抵达 (dǐdá)
  • 達／达 (dá) (literary, or in compounds)
  • 降臨／降临 (jiànglín)
  • (to undertake): 從事／从事 (cóngshì)
  • (to comply):
edit
  • 依從／依从 (yīcóng)
  • 服從／服从 (fúcóng)
  • 歸附／归附 (guīfù)
  • 聽從／听从 (tīngcóng)
  • 訓／训 (xùn) (literary)
  • 賓服／宾服 (bīnfú) (literary)
  • 順／顺 (shùn)
  • 順從／顺从 (shùncóng)
  • 順趁／顺趁 (Min Nan)
  • (to go with): 搭配 (dāpèi)
  • (with regard to):
edit
  • 對於／对于 (duìyú)
  • 至於／至于 (zhìyú)
  • 說到／说到 (shuōdào)
  • 關於／关于 (guānyú)
  • (even if):
edit
Synonyms of 就
  • (to complete):
edit
  • 做好 (zuòhǎo)
  • 做完 (zuòwán)
  • 做成 (zuòchéng)
  • 完成 (wánchéng)

Compounds

Derived terms from 就

See also

  • 只是 (zhǐshì)
  • 單單／单单 (dāndān)

Japanese

Kanji

就

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. concerning
  2. take position

Readings

  • Go-on: じゅ (ju, Jōyō †)
  • Kan-on: しゅう (shū, Jōyō)←しう (siu, historical)
  • Kun: つく (tsuku, 就く, Jōyō); つける (tsukeru, 就ける, Jōyō)

Compounds

  • 就(しゅう)塒(じ) (shūji, “roosting”)

Korean

Hanja

就 • (chwi) (hangeul 취)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

就: Hán Nôm readings: tựu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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