將

See also: 将

將	U+5C07, 將 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C07

← 将
[U+5C06]

CJK Unified Ideographs

專 →
[U+5C08]

Translingual

Japanese	将
Simplified	将
Traditional	將

Han character

將 (Kangxi radical 41, 寸+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 女一月木戈 (VMBDI), four-corner 2724₂, composition ⿰爿⿱⿴𠂊⺀寸(GHJKV) or ⿰爿⿱⿴𠂊冫寸(T))

Derived characters

摪, 㯍, 䒂, 蹡, 鏘, 鱂, 䵁, 嶈, 蔣, 䉃, 墏, 奬, 㢡, 槳, 漿, 獎, 䊢, 螿, 醬, 䵼, 𤖛, 𫦔

Related characters

将 (Simplified Chinese and Japanese shinjitai)

Chinese

trad.		將
simp.		將/将^*
alternative forms		将𢪇𢪽𤕭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (爿) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
臧	*ʔsaːŋ
牂	*ʔsaːŋ
戕	kaːl, ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ
贓	*ʔsaːŋ
藏	zaːŋ, zaːŋs
奘	zaːŋʔ, zaːŋs
臟	*zaːŋs
將	ʔsaŋ, ʔsaŋs
漿	*ʔsaŋ
鱂	*ʔsaŋ
蔣	ʔsaŋ, ʔsaŋʔ
螿	*ʔsaŋ
槳	*ʔsaŋʔ
獎	*ʔsaŋʔ
醬	*ʔsaŋs
鏘	*sʰaŋ
蹡	sʰaŋ, ʔshaŋs
嶈	*sʰaŋ
斨	*sʰaŋ
爿	braːn, zaŋ
牆	*zaŋ
妝	*ʔsraŋ
莊	*ʔsraŋ
裝	ʔsraŋ, ʔsraŋs
壯	*ʔsraŋs
疒	rnɯːɡ, zraŋ
床	*zraŋ
牀	*zraŋ
狀	*zraŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 爿 (“bed; small table”) + semantic ⺼ (“meat”) + semantic 寸 (“hand”) – to offer meat as tribute by putting it on the table.

The ⺼ component is on its side, hence resembles 夕 with an added dot; compare 祭, 然.

Shuowen erroneously considers the phonetic component of 將 to be 醬 (OC *ʔsaŋs, “sauce”) (abbreviated).

Etymology

A conflation of two roots: “to take; to hold” and “will; be going to; near”.

“to take; to hold” (Pronunciations 1, 2 and 3): Sino-Tibetan: compare Tibetan འཆང ('chang, “to hold, to keep, to carry”).

“will; be going to; near” (Pronunciation 1): Austroasiatic: compare Khmer ចង់ (cɑng, “to want, to wish; to approach, to draw near; about to (do something), on the point of”) < Old Khmer caṅa (“to wish, to want”). Cognate with 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa, “about to; on the point of; moreover; also”) (Wu, 2015).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jiāng (jiang¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄤ
(Chengdu, SP): jiang¹
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җён (ži͡on, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): zoeng¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chiông
(Meixian, Guangdong): jiong¹
Min Bei (KCR): cióng
Min Dong (BUC): ciŏng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chiong / chiang
(Teochew, Peng'im): ziang¹
Wu (Wiktionary): jian (T1)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiang
  - Wade–Giles: chiang¹
  - Yale: jyāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiang
  - Palladius: цзян (czjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: jiang¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җён (ži͡on, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiɑŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zoeng¹
  - Yale: jēung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zêng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃœːŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chiông
  - Hakka Romanization System: jiong´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: jiong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕi̯oŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: jiong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cióng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siɔŋ⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ciŏng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suoŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiong
  - Tâi-lô: tsiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciofng
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiang
  - Tâi-lô: tsiang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciafng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiaŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ziang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siaŋ³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: jian (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiã⁵³/

Middle Chinese: /t͡sɨɐŋ/

Rime
Character	將
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	即良切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡siɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡siɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡siaŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡si̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoeng¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]aŋ/
(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	將
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiāng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsjang ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]aŋ/
English	bring
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	將
Reading #	1/2
No.	10286
Phonetic component	爿
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	將
Old Chinese	/*ʔsaŋ/

Definitions

將

will; going to
將來／将来 ― jiānglái ― future [lit. will come]
人類將滅絕嗎？／人类将灭绝吗？ ― Rénlèi jiāng mièjué ma? ― Will humans go extinct?
- 吳之將亡，賢愚所知，非今日也。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  吴之将亡，贤愚所知，非今日也。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: Chen Shou, Records of the Three Kingdoms, circa 3^rd century CE
  Wú zhī jiāng wáng, xián yú suǒ zhī, fēi jīnrì yě. [Pinyin]
  Wu will perish soon; this is known by the fools and by the wise; it is not today.
^† soon; in the near future
^† nearly; almost
1. 78th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "on the verge" (𝍓)
^† just; just now
^† certainly; surely
^† to take; to hold; to fetch
- 五花馬，千金裘。呼兒將出換美酒，與爾同銷萬古愁。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  五花马，千金裘。呼儿将出换美酒，与尔同销万古愁。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: circa 752, 李白 (Li Bai), 《將進酒》／《将进酒》
  Wǔhuāmǎ, qiānjīn qiú. Hū ér jiāng chū huàn měijiǔ, yǔ ěr tóng xiāo wàngǔ chóu. [Pinyin]
  My precious horse, and my furs worth a thousand gold pieces; call your son and have him take them out to be swapped for fine wine, and together with you I'll drown the sorrows of ten thousand ages.
^† by; by means of; with
^† also; half ... half ...; or
^† if; in the case that ...
Particle introducing the object of the verb, used in the same fashion as 把 but more formal.
將飯做好／将饭做好 ― jiāng fàn zuò hǎo ― to make the food ready
將醫生請來／将医生请来 ― jiāng yīshēng qǐng lái ― to send for a doctor
- 恨你絕情將阮放 [Hokkien, trad.]
  恨你绝情将阮放 [Hokkien, simp.]
  From: 黃敏／黄敏 (lyricist), 碎心戀
  hūn lí choa̍t-chêng chiong gún pàng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  I resented that you heartlessly let me go
^† to support; to assist
^† to advance; to go
^† to take orders; to follow
^† to see off; to send off
^† to take along; to bring
^† to use; to utilise
^† to handle; to deal with
^† to eat; to have
^† to lead; to guide
將軍／将军 ― jiāngjūn ― military general
^† to submit to; to be obedient to
^† to provide for
^† to recuperate; to maintain; to take care of one's health
^† to express; to convey
(dialectal) to incite someone to action
(dialectal, of animals) to bear (an offspring); to give birth
(chess) to check
將死／将死 ― jiāngsǐ ― to checkmate
(obsolete or dialectal) Particle placed after the verb and before a resultative phrase (進來, 起來, 進去 etc.).
走將出來／走将出来 ― zǒu jiāng chūlái ― to walk out
唱將起來／唱将起来 ― chàng jiāng qǐlái ― to start to sing
- 方陞座，殿角狂風驟起。只見一條大青蛇，從梁上飛將下來，蟠於椅上。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  方升座，殿角狂风骤起。只见一条大青蛇，从梁上飞将下来，蟠于椅上。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: c. 1330 - 1400: Luo Guanzhong, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Chapter 1 (三國演義/第001回)
  Fāng shēng zuò, diàn jiǎo kuángfēng zhòu qǐ. Zhǐ jiàn yī tiáo dà qīng shé, cóng liáng shàng fēi jiāng xiàlái, pán yú yǐ shàng. [Pinyin]
  As soon as the emperor ascended onto his throne, a gust of wind suddenly arose out of the corner of the hall. A big green snake was spotted which flew down from the rafters and coiled up on the seat.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 把 (“particle introducing the object of the verb”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		將, 把
Mandarin	Beijing	把
	Taiwan	把
	Jinan	把
	Xi'an	把
	Wuhan	把
	Chengdu	把
	Guilin	把
	Yangzhou	把
	Hefei	把, 幫
	Singapore	把
Cantonese	Guangzhou	將, 𢬿 dated
	Hong Kong	將
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	將
	Taishan	將
	Kaiping (Chikan)	將, 𢬿, 討
	Enping (Niujiang)	𢬿, 討
	Yangjiang	將
	Singapore (Guangfu)	將
Gan	Nanchang	把
Hakka	Meixian	將, 將把
	Xingning	捉到
	Huidong (Daling)	將
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	將
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	將
	Changting	將
	Wuping	拿
	Wuping (Pingyu)	捉
	Ninghua	把
	Ruijin	將
	Shicheng	拿
	Shangyou (Shexi)	拿
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	將
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	將
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	將
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	將
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	將
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	將
Jin	Taiyuan	把
Min Bei	Jian'ou	拿, 邀
Min Dong	Fuzhou	將, 共, 揢
Min Dong	Matsu	揢
Min Nan	Xiamen	將, 共
	Quanzhou	將, 共
	Zhangzhou	將, 共
	Taipei	將, 共
	Kaohsiung	將, 共
	Singapore (Hokkien)	將
	Manila (Hokkien)	共
	Chaozhou	將, 對, 個
	Shantou	將, 把將, 對
	Jieyang	個
	Singapore (Teochew)	將, 把將
	Haikou	把
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	跟
Waxiang	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	跟
Wu	Suzhou	拿
	Ningbo	搭, 把 rare
	Wenzhou	逮
Xiang	Changsha	把
Xiang	Shuangfeng	把

Usage notes

In Cantonese, when used for introducing the object of a verb, the action should involve a change or movement of the object.

Compounds

Derived terms from 將

不將／不将
即將／即将
反將／反将
國將不國／国将不国
夜漏將傳／夜漏将传
大廈將傾／大厦将倾
將事／将事
將仕郎／将仕郎
將仲子／将仲子
將作大匠／将作大匠
將來／将来
將信將疑／将信将疑
將假作真／将假作真
將假當真／将假当真
將出／将出
將功折罪／将功折罪
將功折過／将功折过
將功補過／将功补过
將功贖罪／将功赎罪
將勤補拙／将勤补拙
將匠／将匠
將命／将命
將將／将将
將就／将就
將心比心／将心比心

將息／将息
將愛／将爱
將才／将才
將攝／将摄
將晚／将晚
將本圖利／将本图利
將本求利／将本求利
將機就機／将机就机
將機就計／将机就计
將次／将次
將毋／将毋
將為／将为
將無／将无
將無同／将无同
將臨期／将临期
將艾／将艾
將蝦釣鱉／将虾钓鳖
將要／将要
將計就計／将计就计
將謂／将谓
將護／将护
將身／将身
將軍／将军
將近／将近
將進酒／将进酒

將錯就錯／将错就错
將雛／将雏
將離／将离
將順／将顺
將食／将食
將養／将养
將養／将养
干將莫邪／干将莫邪
恩將仇報／恩将仇报
我將／我将
扶將／扶将
捋臂將拳／捋臂将拳
方將／方将
日就月將／日就月将
望眼將穿／望眼将穿
無將大車／无将大车
玉山將崩／玉山将崩
相將／相将
草率將事／草率将事
行將／行将
行將就木／行将就木
計將安出／计将安出
輸將／输将
陰陽不將／阴阳不将

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jiàng (jiang⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄤˋ
(Chengdu, SP): jiang⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): zoeng³
(Taishan, Wiktionary): diang¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chiong
(Meixian, Guangdong): jiong⁴
Min Dong (BUC): cióng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chiòng / chiàng
(Teochew, Peng'im): ziang³
Wu (Wiktionary): jian (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiàng
  - Wade–Giles: chiang⁴
  - Yale: jyàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jianq
  - Palladius: цзян (czjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: jiang⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiaŋ²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zoeng³
  - Yale: jeung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zêng³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃœːŋ³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: diang¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiaŋ³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chiong
  - Hakka Romanization System: jiong
  - Hagfa Pinyim: jiong⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕi̯oŋ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: jiong⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕiɔŋ⁵³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cióng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suɔŋ²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiòng
  - Tâi-lô: tsiòng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cioxng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡ɕiɔŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕiɔŋ¹¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàng
  - Tâi-lô: tsiàng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciaxng
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiaŋ²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ziang³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiàng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siaŋ²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: jian (T2)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiã³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /t͡sɨɐŋ^H/

Rime
Character	將
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	子亮切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɨɐŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡siɐŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡siɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɨaŋ^H/
Li Rong	/t͡siaŋ^H/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭaŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡si̯aŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoeng³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]aŋ-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsaŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	將
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiàng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsjang^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]aŋ-s/
English	lead (v.); leader
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	將
Reading #	2/2
No.	10294
Phonetic component	爿
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	醬
Old Chinese	/*ʔsaŋs/

Definitions

將

^† to command; to lead
(military) general
high-ranking military officer
(xiangqi) general; king (on the black side)
(figurative) dab hand (at something); capable person

Coordinate terms

(Chinese chess pieces) 帥／帅/將／将, 仕/士, 相/象, 俥／伡/車／车, 傌／骂/馬／马, 炮/砲／炮, 兵/卒

Compounds

Derived terms from 將

上將／上将
中將／中将
主將／主将
使羊將狼／使羊将狼
偏將／偏将
健將／健将
儒將／儒将
八家將／八家将
兵不由將／兵不由将
兵多將廣／兵多将广
兵少將微／兵少将微
兵強將勇／兵强将勇
兵強將盛／兵强将盛
兵微將寡／兵微将寡
兵敗將亡／兵败将亡
兵精將勇／兵精将勇
兵荒將亂／兵荒将乱
准將／准将
出入將相／出入将相
出將入相／出将入相
別將／别将
副將／副将
勇將／勇将
參將／参将
反將計／反将计
名將／名将
呼家將／呼家将
哼哈二將／哼哈二将
執旗將／执旗将
大將／大将
天將／天将
女將／女将
客將司／客将司
家將／家将
宿將／宿将
宿將舊卒／宿将旧卒
寡將／寡将
將令／将令
將令／将令
將佐／将佐
將傍／将傍
將兵／将兵
將兵長史／将兵长史
將印／将印
將吏／将吏

將士／将士
將官／将官
將將／将将
將帥／将帅
將帶／将带
將弁／将弁
將才／将才
將指／将指
將星／将星
將校／将校
將略／将略
將相／将相
將相和／将相和
將相器／将相器
將相雙權／将相双权
將遇良才／将遇良才
將銳兵驍／将锐兵骁
將門／将门
將門／将门
將領／将领
小將／小将
幹將／干将
悍將／悍将
愛將／爱将
戰將／战将
拘神遣將／拘神遣将
拜將封侯／拜将封侯
挾人捉將／挟人捉将
捉將挾人／捉将挟人
損兵折將／损兵折将
損將折兵／损将折兵
損軍折將／损军折将
搴旗取將／搴旗取将
收軍點將／收军点将
敗兵折將／败兵折将
敗將殘兵／败将残兵
敗軍之將／败军之将
敗軍折將／败军折将
斬將奪旗／斩将夺旗
斬將搴旗／斩将搴旗
梟將／枭将
楊家將／杨家将
武將／武将
殘兵敗將／残兵败将

殘軍敗將／残军败将
殺妻求將／杀妻求将
激將／激将
激將法／激将法
爪牙之將／爪牙之将
牙將／牙将
猛將／猛将
王侯將相／王侯将相
登壇拜將／登坛拜将
登臺拜將／登台拜将
百將傳／百将传
福將／福将
築壇拜將／筑坛拜将
精兵猛將／精兵猛将
老將／老将
良將／良将
良將賢相／良将贤相
虎將／虎将
蝦兵蟹將／虾兵蟹将
裨將／裨将
覆軍殺將／覆军杀将
調兵遣將／调兵遣将
謀臣武將／谋臣武将
謀臣猛將／谋臣猛将
走馬換將／走马换将
軍多將廣／军多将广
過關斬將／过关斩将
遣兵調將／遣兵调将
邊將／边将
部將／部将
闖將／闯将
降將／降将
雄將／雄将
韓信將兵／韩信将兵
飛將／飞将
馬將／马将
馬將牌／马将牌
驍將／骁将
麻將／麻将
點兵派將／点兵派将
點將／点将
點將錄／点将录
龍城飛將／龙城飞将
龜蛇二將／龟蛇二将

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiāng (qiang¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄤ
Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciang
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiang¹
  - Yale: chyāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiang
  - Palladius: цян (cjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰjɑŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: coeng¹
  - Yale: chēung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

Definitions

將

^† to ask; to request; to invite
^† Used in 將將／将将.

Compounds

Derived terms from 將

將伯／将伯
將伯之助／将伯之助

將將／将将

將進酒／将进酒

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (將):

→ Japanese: 将(しょう) (shō)
→ Korean: 장(將) (jang)
→ Vietnamese: tướng (將), tương (將)

References

“將”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	将
Kyūjitai	將

Kanji

將

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 将)

Kyūjitai form of 将

Readings

From 將 (MC t͡sɨɐŋ, “just now; also, half... half..., or; take, hold; etc.”):

Go-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
Kun: はた (hata, 將); まさに (masani, 將に); もって (motte, 將て)

From 將 (MC t͡sɨɐŋ^H, “command, lead; commander, general; high-ranking military officer”):

Go-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
Kun: ひきいる (hikiiru, 將いる)^{←ひきゐる (fikiwiru, historical)}

Nanori readings:

Nanori: すけ (suke); すすむ (susumu); たすく (tasuku); ただし (tadashi); たもつ (tamotsu); のぶ (nobu); ひとし (hitoshi); まさ (masa); もち (mochi); ゆき (yuki)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
將
Jinmeiyō
nanori

Nominalization of verb 勝る (masaru, “to excel, rival, surpass”).

Pronunciation

(Irregular reading)

(Tokyo) まさる [màsáꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [2])
(Tokyo) まさる [màsárú] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [ma̠sa̠ɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Proper noun

將(まさる) • (Masaru) (kyūjitai, shinjitai 将)

a male given name

Korean

Alternative forms

将

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 將 (MC t͡sɨɐŋ^H, “commander”).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	쟈ᇰ〮 (Yale: cyáng)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
Text	*Gloss (hun)*	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527	자ᇰ〯슈〮 (Yale: cyǎngsywú)	쟈ᇰ〯 (Yale: cyǎng)

Pronunciation

(in 장군 (將軍, janggun)):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕa̠ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [장]
(general; commander; etc.):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕa̠(ː)ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [장(ː)]
  - Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource將 (eumhun 장수(將帥) 장 (jangsu jang))

Hanja form^? of 장 (“general; commander”). [noun]

Compounds

장교 (將校, janggyo)
장군 (將軍, janggun)
장기 (將棋, janggi)
장병 (將兵, jangbyeong)
장사 (將士, jangsa)
장상 (將相, jangsang)
장성 (將星, jangseong)
장수 (將帥, jangsu)
장졸 (將卒, jangjol)
노장 (老將, nojang)
대장 (大將, daejang)
맹장 (猛將, maengjang)
명장 (名將, myeongjang)
변장 (邊將, byeonjang)
비장 (裨將, bijang)
소장 (少將, sojang)
신장 (神將, sinjang)
양장 (良將, yangjang)
왜장 (倭將, waejang)
적장 (敵將, jeokjang)
제장 (諸將, jejang)
주장 (主將, jujang)
준장 (准將, junjang)
패장 (牌將, paejang)
항장 (降將, hangjang)
호장 (虎將, hojang)
효장 (梟將, hyojang)
효장 (驍將, hyojang)
돌격장 (突擊將, dolgyeokjang)
수문장 (守門將, sumunjang)
진영장 (鎭營將, jinyeongjang)
무장지졸 (武將之卒, mujangjijol)
왕후장상 (王侯將相, wanghujangsang)
금부나장 (禁府羅將, geumbunajang)
패군지장 (敗軍之將, paegunjijang)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 將 (MC t͡sɨɐŋ, “to take; to hold”).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	쟈ᇰ (Yale: cyàng)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
Text	*Gloss (hun)*	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527	쟈ᇰᄎᆞ〮 (Yale: cyàngchá)	쟈ᇰ (Yale: cyàng)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕa̠ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [장]

Hanja

將 (eumhun 장차(將次) 장 (jangcha jang))

Hanja form^? of 장 (“take, hold; from now on, in the future”). [affix]

Compounds

일취월장 (日就月將, ilchwiwoljang)
장래 (將來, jangnae)
장차 (將次, jangcha)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Old Japanese

Alternative forms

當

Etymology

From Proto-Japonic *pata.

Adverb

將 (pata) (kana はた)

by chance
also

Derived terms

將や (pata ya)

Descendants

Japanese: はた (hata)

Vietnamese

Han character

將: Hán Việt readings: tướng (子(tử)亮(lượng)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5], tương (資(tư)良(lương)切(thiết))[2][3][4][5]
將: Nôm readings: tướng[1][2][4][6], tương[2][3][7][4]

Noun

將 • (tướng) (tương)

chữ Hán form of tướng (“(military) general; commander”).
chữ Hán form of tướng (“(xiangqi) a piece labeled with the character 將 in black”).

Derived terms

將領 (tướng lĩnh)
將軍 (tướng quân)
大將 (đại tướng)
少將 (thiếu tướng)
中將 (trung tướng)

Adverb

將 • (tương)

chữ Hán form of tương (“soon; in the near future”).

Derived terms

將來 (tương lai)

References

Nguyễn (2014).
Nguyễn et al. (2009).
Trần (2004).
Bonet (1899).
Génibrel (1898).
Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
Hồ (1976).

[tdcndg-1] Nguyễn (2014).

[tdcntd-2] Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-3] Trần (2004).

[bonet-4] Bonet (1899).

[genibrel-5] Génibrel (1898).

[taberd-6] Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

[btcn-7] Hồ (1976).

將

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

Related characters

Further reading

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

Synonyms

Usage notes

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

Coordinate terms

Compounds

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

Compounds

Descendants

References

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Etymology

Pronunciation

Proper noun

Korean

Alternative forms

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Hanja

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Hanja

Compounds

References

Old Japanese

Alternative forms

Etymology

Adverb

Derived terms

Descendants

Vietnamese

Han character

Noun

Derived terms

Adverb

Derived terms

References