寨

寨	U+5BE8, 寨 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BE8

← 寧
[U+5BE7]

CJK Unified Ideographs

審 →
[U+5BE9]

See also: 寒

Translingual

Han character

寨 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十廿金木 (JTCD), four-corner 3090₄, composition ⿱𡨄木)

Usage notes

In the Mainland stroke order standard, there is a 豎鉤 stroke in the lower part of the character. In the Taiwan and Hong Kong stroke order standards, the same stroke is a 豎 without a 鉤.

References

KangXi: page 291, character 11

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7298

Dae Jaweon: page 577, character 5

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1270, character 1

Unihan data for U+5BE8

Chinese

trad.		寨
simp. ^#		寨
2nd round simp.		𰌻
alternative forms		砦／寨

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (塞) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
賽	*slɯːɡs
塞	slɯːɡs, slɯːɡ
簺	*slɯːɡs
僿	*hljɯɡs
寨	zraːds, slɯːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zraːds, *slɯːɡ) and ideogrammic compound (會意) : phonetic 𡨄 (“to block; to block up; to jam; to plug”) + semantic 木 (“wood”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhài (zhai⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄓㄞˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zaai⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhai
Min Bei (KCR): cāi
Min Dong (BUC): câi
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chāi / chē / chēe
(Teochew, Peng'im): zê⁷
Wu (Wiktionary): za (T3); ze (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhài
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhài
  - Wade–Giles: chai⁴
  - Yale: jài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jay
  - Palladius: чжай (čžaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zaai⁶
  - Yale: jaaih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzaai⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: zai⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːi̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhai
  - Hakka Romanization System: cai
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cai⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰai̯⁵⁵/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cāi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: câi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑi²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chāi
  - Tâi-lô: tsāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zai
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sai⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sai²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chē
  - Tâi-lô: tsē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ze
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡se³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chēe
  - Tâi-lô: tsēe
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɛ²²/

Note:

chāi - literary;
chē/chēe - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zê⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsē
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡se¹¹/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: za (T3); ze (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /z̥a̱²³/, /z̥e̞²³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 寨
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂai⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡sai⁵³/ /ʈ͡ʂai⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡sai⁵³/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂɛ²¹/
	Qingdao	/ʈ͡ʂe⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂai³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡sai⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡sɛ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂɛ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ʈ͡ʂɛ¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡sai²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡sai³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡sai¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡sai²¹³/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂæ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂae⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂe̞⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sai⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡sæ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡sɛ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ze²³/ /t͡se⁵³/
	Suzhou	/ze̞³¹/
	Hangzhou	/d͡ze̞¹³/
	Wenzhou	/d͡za²²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sɛ³²⁴/ /sɛ³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡sa⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sai⁵⁵/ /t͡sai¹¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/d͡zai²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sʰai²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰai⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sai²²/
	Nanning	/t͡sai²²/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sai²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/t͡sai²²/ /t͡se²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/t͡sɑi²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/t͡sai⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/t͡se³¹/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/sai³⁵/

Middle Chinese: /d͡ʒˠai^H/, /sək̚/

Rime
Character	寨	寨
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	崇 (20)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	夬 (29)	登 (131)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	I
Fanqie	犲夬切	蘇則切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʒˠai^H/	/sək̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖ͡ʐᵚai^H/	/sək̚/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʒai^H/	/sək̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖ͡ʐaɨjs^H/	/sək̚/
Li Rong	/d͡ʒai^H/	/sək̚/
Wang Li	/d͡ʒæi^H/	/sək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɖ͡ʐʱai^H/	/sək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhài	se
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zaai⁶	sak¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*zraːds/, /*slɯːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	寨	寨
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1693	10962
Phonetic component	此	塞
Rime group	祭	職
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	寨	塞
Old Chinese	/*zraːds/	/*slɯːɡ/
Notes	集韻同柴或做砦，從塞柴省聲

Definitions

寨

stockade; stronghold; fort
stockaded village
barracks
bandit den
a surname: Zhai

Synonyms

(stockaded village): 寨子 (zhàizi)
(barracks):

edit

兵營／兵营 (bīngyíng)
營子／营子 (yíngzi)

營房／营房 (yíngfáng)
軍營／军营 (jūnyíng)

陣營／阵营 (zhènyíng)

Compounds

丁寨 (Dīngzhài)
付寨 (Fùzhài)
劫寨 (jiézhài)
周寨 (Zhōuzhài)
大寨 (Dàzhài)
寨主
寨坡 (Zhàipō)
寨子 (zhàizi)
小寨 (Xiǎozhài)
山寨 (shānzhài)
引狗入寨
押寨夫人
拔寨 (bázhài)
李寨 (Lǐzhài)

柬埔寨 (Jiǎnpǔzhài)
王寨 (Wángzhài)
老寨
迷魂寨
鹿寨 (lùzhài)
倒寨計／倒寨计
偷營劫寨／偷营劫寨
呂寨／吕寨 (Lǚzhài)
壓寨夫人／压寨夫人
大堖寨／大垴寨 (Dànǎozhài)
安營下寨／安营下寨 (ānyíngxiàzhài)
安營紮寨／安营扎寨 (ānyíngzhāzhài)
寨柵／寨栅
東寨／东寨 (Dōngzhài)

楊寨／杨寨 (Yángzhài)
煙花寨／烟花寨
煙花寨主／烟花寨主
營寨／营寨 (yíngzhài)
紮寨／扎寨 (zhāzhài)
者來寨／者来寨 (Zhělái Zhài)
萬寨／万寨 (Wànzhài)
貫寨／贯寨
邊寨／边寨 (biānzhài)
錢寨／钱寨 (Qiánzhài)
雙寨／双寨 (Shuāngzhài)
馬家寨／马家寨 (Mǎjiāzhài)
馬鞍寨／马鞍寨 (Mǎ'ānzhài)
鶯花寨／莺花寨

Japanese

Kanji

寨

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

fort

Readings

Go-on: ざい (zai)
Kan-on: さい (sai)
Kun: とりで (toride)

Korean

Hanja

寨 (eumhun 울짱, 목책 채 (uljjang, mokchaek chae))

fort
wooden fence

Vietnamese

Han character

寨: Hán Nôm readings: trại

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