寝る
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 寝 |
| ね Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 寢る (kyūjitai) |
Etymology
From Old Japanese 寝 (nu).
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) ねる [nèrú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
- (Mishima) ねる [néꜜrù] (Atamadaka – [1])[3]
- IPA(key): [ne̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "寝る"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 寝る | ねる | [nèrú] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 寝ろ | ねろ | [nèró] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 寝られる | ねられる | [nèrárérú] |
| Causative | 寝させる | ねさせる | [nèsásérú] |
| Potential | 寝られる | ねられる | [nèrárérú] |
| Volitional | 寝よう | ねよー | [nèyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 寝ない | ねない | [nènáí] |
| Negative perfective | 寝なかった | ねなかった | [nènáꜜkàttà] |
| Formal | 寝ます | ねます | [nèmáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 寝た | ねた | [nètá] |
| Conjunctive | 寝て | ねて | [nèté] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 寝れば | ねれば | [nèréꜜbà] |
Verb
寝る • (neru) intransitive ichidan (stem 寝 (ne), past 寝た (neta))
- to sleep
- to go to bed
- (と～) to sleep with, to have sexual intercourse with
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:性交する
- 2003 April 22, Hirokane, Kenshi, “ＳＴＥＰ２ さよならはダンスの後に [Step 2: Only Say Goodbye after the Dance]”, in ヤング島耕作 [Young Shima Kōsaku], volume 1 (fiction), Tōkyō: Kōdansha, →ISBN, page 42:
- おまえ中井と寝たのか？
- Omae Nakai to neta no ka?
- Did you sleep with Nakai?
- おまえ中井と寝たのか？
- to lie down
- (of miso, sake, etc.) to ripen, to ferment, to cure
Conjugation
Conjugation of "寝る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 寝 | ね | ne | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 寝 | ね | ne | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 寝る | ねる | neru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 寝る | ねる | neru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 寝れ | ねれ | nere | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 寝よ¹ 寝ろ² | ねよ¹ ねろ² | neyo¹ nero² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 寝られる | ねられる | nerareru | |
| Causative | 寝させる 寝さす | ねさせる ねさす | nesaseru nesasu | |
| Potential | 寝られる 寝れる³ | ねられる ねれる³ | nerareru nereru³ | |
| Volitional | 寝よう | ねよう | neyō | |
| Negative | 寝ない 寝ぬ 寝ん | ねない ねぬ ねん | nenai nenu nen | |
| Negative continuative | 寝ず | ねず | nezu | |
| Formal | 寝ます | ねます | nemasu | |
| Perfective | 寝た | ねた | neta | |
| Conjunctive | 寝て | ねて | nete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 寝れば | ねれば | nereba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
Synonyms
- (to sleep): 眠る (nemuru)
- (to go to bed): 就寝する (shūshin suru)
- (to lie down): 横たわる (yokotawaru)
Related terms
- 寝かす (nekasu)
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
- Uwano, Zendo (2002-10-31), “見島方言の用言のアクセント調査報告 [A Report on the Accentual Surveys of Verbs and Adjectives in the Mishima Dialect]”, in 環太平洋の「消滅に瀕した言語」にかんする緊急調査研究 [Endangered languages of the Pacific Rim], ISSN 1346-082X