寄

寄

寄 U+5BC4, 寄 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BC4 ← 寃 [U+5BC3] CJK Unified Ideographs 寅 → [U+5BC5]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

寄 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十大一口 (JKMR), four-corner 3062₁, composition ⿱宀奇)

References

• KangXi: page 288, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7203
• Dae Jaweon: page 569, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 937, character 1
• Unihan data for U+5BC4

---

Chinese

simp. and trad.		寄

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (奇) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
奇	*kral, *ɡral
畸	*kral
剞	*kral, *kralʔ
羇	*kral
掎	*kral, *kralʔ, *kʰrals
攲	*kral, *kralʔ, *kʰral
躸	*kral
踦	*kralʔ, *kʰral
寄	*krals
徛	*krals, *ɡralʔ
欹	*kʰral, *qral
崎	*kʰral, *ɡɯl
觭	*kʰral, *kʰralʔ
碕	*kʰral, *kʰralʔ, *ɡral, *ɡɯl
綺	*kʰralʔ
婍	*kʰralʔ
騎	*ɡral, *ɡrals
琦	*ɡral
鵸	*ɡral
錡	*ɡral, *ɡralʔ, *ŋɡralʔ
輢	*ɡrals, *qralʔ, *qrals
齮	*ŋɡralʔ
犄	*qral
猗	*qral, *qralʔ
椅	*qral, *qralʔ
旖	*qral, *qralʔ
陭	*qral, *qrals
檹	*qral
漪	*qral
倚	*qralʔ, *qrals

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *krals) : semantic 宀 (“house”) + phonetic 奇 (OC *kral, *ɡral) ― living away from home.

Etymology

"to commit to one's charge" (Lunyu), "to entrust, communicate" (Liji), > "send (a letter)"

Possibly Sino-Tibetan. Compare Burmese ခိုက် (hkuik, “bring”) & Mizo khai (“to give, to present”)

"translator, interpreter" > "an alternate name used for the Dongyi tribes during the Ming Dynasty"

Behr (2004) proposes that 寄 (OC *krals) and its variant 羈 (OC *kral) (used by Gao You when annotating Lüshi Chunqiu) both transcribed an undelrying foreign word.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jì (ji⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gei³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ki
• Min Dong (BUC): gié
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): kià / kì

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gia³

• Wu (Wiktionary): ji (T2)

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jì
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jì
    • Wade–Giles: chi⁴
    • Yale: jì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
    • Palladius: цзи (czi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gei³
    • Yale: gei
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gei³
    • Guangdong Romanization: géi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kei̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ki
    • Hakka Romanization System: gi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ki⁵⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gié
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiɛ²¹³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kià / kì
    • Tâi-lô: kià / kì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiax, kix
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kia²¹/, /ki²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kia⁴¹/, /ki⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kia²¹/, /ki²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kia¹¹/, /ki¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kia²¹/, /ki²¹/

Note:

• kià - vernacular;
• kì - literary.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gia³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kià
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kia²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: ji (T2)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: /kˠiᴇ^H/

Rime
Character	寄
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	支 (13)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居義切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiᴇH/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚiɛH/
Shao Rongfen	/kiɛH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kjiə̆H/
Li Rong	/kjeH/
Wang Li	/kǐeH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kie̯H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gei3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.[k](r)aj-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*krals/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	寄
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jì
Middle Chinese	‹ kjeH ›
Old Chinese	/*C.[k](r)aj-s/
English	entrust to
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	寄
Reading #	1/1
No.	9984
Phonetic component	奇
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	寄
Old Chinese	/*krals/

Definitions

寄

1. to entrust (with a task)
2. to depend on; to adhere to
3. to live away from home
4. to place (temporarily); to put; to deposit
5. to express or convey (one's feelings) through a medium, such as the thing one describes, composes or paints
6. to transmit (an item) on behalf of another person; to send (now chiefly through mail); to post
7. to use temporarily; to borrow
8. to grant; to gift; to bestow
9. (historical) government official in charge of translating from and into the speech of non-Chinese ethnic groups in China's east (Dongyi)

   • 達其志，通其欲：東方曰寄，南方曰象，西方曰狄鞮，北方曰譯。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     达其志，通其欲：东方曰寄，南方曰象，西方曰狄鞮，北方曰译。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

     Dá qí zhì, tōng qí yù: dōngfāng yuē jì, nánfāng yuē xiàng, xīfāng yuē dídī, běifāng yuē yì. [Pinyin]

     To make what was in their minds apprehended, and to communicate their likings and desires, (there were officers) - in the east, called transmitters; in the south, representationists; in the west, Di-dis; and in the north, interpreters.

10. (historical) to send criminals into exile to the remote areas in the east, as a form of punishment
11. (of a relative) not biological; adopted
12. (historical) an alternate name used for the Dongyi tribes during the Ming Dynasty
13. (online gaming slang) gg, defeat
14. (Internet slang, by extension) to be defeated
15. a surname: Ji

Synonyms

• (to entrust):

edit

Synonyms of 寄

辛苦 (xīnkǔ) (polite) 付託／付托 (fùtuō) 勞慰／劳慰 (Sichuanese, polite) 勞累／劳累 (láolèi) (polite)

囑託／嘱托 (zhǔtuō) 委託／委托 (wěituō) 寄託／寄托 (jìtuō) 打擾／打扰 (dǎrǎo) (polite)

拜託／拜托 (bàituō) (polite) 託付／托付 (tuōfù) 託管／托管 (tuōguǎn) 麻煩／麻烦 (máfan) (polite)

• (to depend on):

edit

Synonyms of 寄

仗恃 (zhàngshì) (literary, chiefly derogatory) 仰仗 (yǎngzhàng) 依 (yī) 依仗 (yīzhàng) 依倚 (Min Nan) 依恃 (yīshì) (literary) 依附 (yīfù) 依靠 (yīkào) 倚仗 (yǐzhàng) 倚倚 (Min Nan)

倚靠 (yǐkào) 借助 (jièzhù) 展品棒 (Min Nan) 怙恃 (hùshì) (literary) 指 (zhǐ) 聊 (liáo) (formal) 仰賴／仰赖 (yǎnglài) 依歸／依归 (yīguī) (literary) 依託／依托 (yītuō) 依賴／依赖 (yīlài)

倚賴／倚赖 (yǐlài) 憑／凭 (píng) 憑仗／凭仗 (píngzhàng) 憑依／凭依 (píngyī) 憑借／凭借 (píngjiè) 憑恃／凭恃 (píngshì) 憑靠／凭靠 (píngkào) 歸依／归依 (guīyī) (literary) 賴／赖 (lài) (literary, or in compounds only)

Compounds

Derived terms from 寄

人生如寄 如寄 客寄 寄下 寄主 (jìzhǔ) 寄乳 (jìrǔ) 寄予 (jìyǔ) 寄信 (jìxìn) 寄傲 寄名 寄命 寄售 寄存 (jìcún) 寄宿 (jìsù) 寄宿生 (jìsùshēng) 寄寓 (jìyù) 寄居 (jìjū) 寄居蟹 (jìjūxiè) 寄怨 寄情 (jìqíng) 寄意 (jìyì) 寄押 寄放 (jìfàng) 寄望 (jìwàng) 寄柩 寄款 寄母 (jìmǔ) 寄父 (jìfù) 寄生 (jìshēng)

寄生植物 寄生火山 寄生物 (jìshēngwù) 寄生菌 寄生蜂 (jìshēngfēng) 寄碇 寄籍 寄身 寄食 (jìshí) 戎寄 投寄 朝寄 柱石之寄 槲寄生 (hújìshēng) 浮生如寄 浮生若寄 萍寄 身寄虎吻 重寄 (chóngjì) 劉寄奴／刘寄奴 (liújìnú) 單主寄生／单主寄生 多蒙寄聲／多蒙寄声 家庭寄養／家庭寄养 (jiātíng jìyǎng) 寄人籬下／寄人篱下 (jìrénlíxià) 寄宿學校／寄宿学校 (jìsù xuéxiào) 寄懷／寄怀 寄書／寄书 (jìshū) 寄書郵／寄书邮 寄生動物／寄生动物

寄生昆蟲／寄生昆虫 寄生蟲／寄生虫 (jìshēngchóng) 寄生蟲病／寄生虫病 寄生蠅／寄生蝇 寄發／寄发 寄監／寄监 寄聲／寄声 寄興／寄兴 寄託／寄托 (jìtuō) 寄語／寄语 (jìyǔ) 寄費／寄费 寄賣／寄卖 寄跡／寄迹 寄遞／寄递 寄附鋪／寄附铺 寄頓／寄顿 寄顏無所／寄颜无所 寄養／寄养 (jìyǎng) 寄養之家／寄养之家 暢寄／畅寄 生寄死歸／生寄死归 總包寄遞／总包寄递 託孤寄命／托孤寄命 詭寄／诡寄 郵寄／邮寄 (yóujì) 郵寄炸彈／邮寄炸弹 酈寄賣友／郦寄卖友 閫寄／阃寄

Further reading

• “Entry #7160”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

---

Japanese

Kanji

寄

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. to contribute, to donate
2. to call on
3. to lodge at somebody else's house
4. to be dependent on somebody
5. to increase, to gain
6. to draw near
7. to send away

Readings

• Go-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
• Kun: よる (yoru, 寄る, Jōyō); よせる (yoseru, 寄せる, Jōyō); よせ (yose, 寄); よそる (yosoru, 寄る); よそう (yosou, 寄う); よそえる (yosoeru, 寄える); よさる (yosaru, 寄さる); よさす (yosasu, 寄さす)

Compounds

• 寄(き)付(ふ) (kifu, “donation”)
• 寄(き)贈(ぞう) (kizō, “donation”)
• 寄(き)生(せい) (kisei)
• 寄(き)与(よ) (kiyo)
• 寄(よせ)席(せき) (yoseseki)
• 寄(より)道(みち) (yorimichi)
• 年(とし)寄(より) (toshiyori)

---

Korean

Hanja

寄 (eumhun 부칠 기 (buchil gi))

1. Hanja form^? of 기 (“send, transmit, mail”).
2. Hanja form^? of 기 (“rely on”).

---

Kunigami

Kanji

寄

• Kun: ゆしーるん (寄しーるん, yushīrun)

---

Okinawan

Kanji

寄

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Kun: ゆしーん (yushīn, 寄しーん)

---

Vietnamese

Han character

寄: Hán Nôm readings: kí, gửi, ké, kẹ, ký

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Yaeyama

Kanji

寄

• Kun: ゆしぃるん (寄しぃるん, yusïrun)