寂

寂

寂 U+5BC2, 寂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BC2 ← 寁 [U+5BC1] CJK Unified Ideographs 寃 → [U+5BC3]

Translingual

Han character

寂 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十卜火水 (JYFE), four-corner 3094₇, composition ⿱宀叔)

Derived characters

• 𬿟, 𢠭, 漃, 𫴇

References

• KangXi: page 288, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7200
• Dae Jaweon: page 569, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 938, character 4
• Unihan data for U+5BC2

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		寂
alternative forms		䆥 𡧘 𡧯 𡧴 𡨁 䆥 𡧘 𡧯 𡧴 𡨁 𡨜 𢚍 𥤽 𥥒 𧧌

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (尗) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
椒	*ʔsliw
茮	*ʔsliw
踧	*l'ɯːwɢ, *ʔslɯwɢ
蔋	*l'ɯːwɢ
惄	*nɯːwɢ
戚	*sʰlɯːwɢ
慼	*sʰlɯːwɢ
鏚	*sʰlɯːwɢ
慽	*sʰlɯːwɢ
磩	*sʰlɯːwɢ
寂	*zlɯːwɢ
嘁	*ʔsluːb
墄	*sʰlɯːɡ
摵	*srɯːɡ, *ʔslɯwɢ, *srɯwɢ
督	*ʔl'uːwɢ
錖	*ʔl'uːwɢ
裻	*ʔl'uːwɢ, *sluːwɢ
傶	*ʔslɯːwɢ
蹙	*ʔslɯwɢ
槭	*ʔslɯwɢ
縬	*ʔslɯwɢ, *ʔsrɯwɢ
顣	*ʔslɯwɢ
敊	*l̥ʰɯwɢ
琡	*ʔljɯwɢ, *l̥ʰjɯwɢ
俶	*l̥ʰjɯwɢ
埱	*l̥ʰjɯwɢ
淑	*ɦljɯwɢ
婌	*ɦljɯwɢ
尗	*hljɯwɢ
叔	*hljɯwɢ
掓	*hljɯwɢ
菽	*hljɯwɢ
鮛	*hljɯwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zlɯːwɢ) : semantic 宀 (“house”) + phonetic 叔 (OC *hljɯwɢ)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jì, jí

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ, ㄐㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zik⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sit
• Min Nan (POJ): che̍k / chia̍k / chi̍p / siok / chi̍t / chiauh / chih

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jì
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jì
    • Wade–Giles: chi⁴
    • Yale: jì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
    • Palladius: цзи (czi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jí
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jí
    • Wade–Giles: chi²
    • Yale: jí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
    • Palladius: цзи (czi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zik⁶
    • Yale: jihk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzik⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: jig⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɪk̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sit
    • Hakka Romanization System: xid`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xid⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /ɕit̚²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: che̍k
    • Tâi-lô: tsi̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zek
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiɪk̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɪk̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chia̍k
    • Tâi-lô: tsia̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciak
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiak̚²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍p
    • Tâi-lô: tsi̍p
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cip
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕip̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕip̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siok
    • Tâi-lô: siok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siog
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɕiɔk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍t
    • Tâi-lô: tsi̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cit
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕit̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiauh
    • Tâi-lô: tsiauh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciauq
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiauʔ³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chih
    • Tâi-lô: tsih
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciq
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiʔ⁵/

Note:

• che̍k/chia̍k - literary;
• chi̍p/chi̍t/siok - colloquial variants;
• chiauh/chih - vernacular (e.g 靜寂寂／静寂寂).

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• Middle Chinese: /d͡zek̚/

Rime
Character	寂
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	青 (127)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	前歷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zek̚/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zek̚/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zɛk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zɛjk̚/
Li Rong	/d͡zek̚/
Wang Li	/d͡ziek̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱiek̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zik6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-[d]ˤiwk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*zlɯːwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	寂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzek ›
Old Chinese	/*s-[d]ˁiwk/
English	quiet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	寂
Reading #	1/1
No.	11734
Phonetic component	尗
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	寂
Old Chinese	/*zlɯːwɢ/

Definitions

寂

1. still; silent; quiet
2. lonely; solitary

Compounds

不甘寂寞 (bùgānjìmò) 侘寂 冥寂 冷寂 (lěngjì) 嗼寂 (mòjì) 孤寂 (gūjì) 寂寂 寂寞 (jìmò) 寂寥 (jìliáo) 寂然 (jìrán) 寂若死灰 寞天寂地 寥寂 岑寂 (cénjì)

幽寂 悲寂 慧寂 普寂 本寂 枯寂 (kūjì) 死寂 (sǐjì) 沉寂 (chénjì) 湛寂 示寂 圓寂／圆寂 (yuánjì) 寂寂無名／寂寂无名 寂寂無聞／寂寂无闻 (jìjìwúwén) 寂歷／寂历

寂滅／寂灭 寂若無人／寂若无人 寂靜／寂静 (jìjìng) 淵思寂慮／渊思寂虑 澄思寂慮／澄思寂虑 禪寂／禅寂 臨寂／临寂 萬籟俱寂／万籁俱寂 (wànlàijùjì) 視端容寂／视端容寂 解悶破寂／解闷破寂 闃寂／阒寂 (qùjì) 闃寂無聲／阒寂无声 靜寂／静寂 (jìngjì)

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01035
• “寂”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

寂

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. loneliness
2. quietly
3. mellow
4. mature
5. death of a priest

Readings

• Go-on: じゃく (jaku, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: せき (seki, Jōyō ^†)
• Kun: さびしい (sabishii, 寂しい, Jōyō); さび (sabi, 寂, Jōyō); さびれる (sabireru, 寂れる, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 寂寥(せきりょう) (sekiryō)
• 静寂(せいじゃく) (seijaku)
• 寂(さび)しい (sabishii), 寂(さみ)しい (samishii)
• 寂寞(せきばく) (sekibaku)

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Korean

Hanja

寂 (eum 적 (jeok))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

寂: Hán Nôm readings: tịch, chệt, tạch

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.