宿

宿	U+5BBF, 宿 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BBF

← 宾
[U+5BBE]

CJK Unified Ideographs

寀 →
[U+5BC0]

Translingual

Han character

宿 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十人一日 (JOMA), four-corner 3026₁, composition ⿱宀佰)

Derived characters

㜚摍㴼樎縮(缩) 䑿蹜鏥蓿䈹

References

KangXi: page 287, character 13

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7195

Dae Jaweon: page 568, character 21

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 938, character 10

Unihan data for U+5BBF

Chinese

simp. and trad.		宿
alternative forms		㝛

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (宿) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
宿	suɡs, suɡ
蓿	*suɡ
縮	*sruɡ
樎	*sruɡ
蹜	*sruɡ
摍	*sruɡ

In the oracle bone script, an ideogrammic compound (會意) : 人 (“person”) + [Term?] (“bamboo mat”) – a person resting on a mat. Sometimes a house (宀) was added.

Later the pictogram of the bamboo mat became 㐁 or 𠀬, and eventually came to be written 百.

Contrast 寒.

Etymology

“To stay overnight; lodge > night; mansion of the zodiac [i.e. the Sun's lodging stations]”: Probably related to Austroasiatic: cf. Old Khmer *ruk (“to take cover or shelter”) > Khmer ជ្រុក (cruk, “shelter; refuge”), Khmer ស្រុក (srok, “settlement; village”) (Schuessler, 2007). Benedict (1972) relates it to the Tibeto-Burman terms listed in the etymology of 夜 (OC *laːɡs, “night”), however the phonetics is difficult to reconcile in the current reconstructions.

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sù, xiǔ (su⁴, xiu³)
(Zhuyin): ㄙㄨˋ, ㄒㄧㄡˇ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): suk¹
(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhuuk²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): siuk / suk
(Meixian, Guangdong): xiug⁵
Min Bei (KCR): siu̿
Min Dong (BUC): sé̤ṳk
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): siok / sok / sek / siak
(Teochew, Peng'im): suah⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): soq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sù
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sù
  - Wade–Giles: su⁴
  - Yale: sù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suh
  - Palladius: су (su)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siǒu
  - Wade–Giles: hsiu³
  - Yale: syǒu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheou
  - Palladius: сю (sju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjoʊ̯²¹⁴/

Note:

sù - literary (all senses);
xiǔ - vernacular (classifier “night”).

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: suk¹
  - Yale: sūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: suk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: sug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊk̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhuuk²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɵk̚⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siuk / suk
  - Hakka Romanization System: xiug` / sug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xiug⁵ / sug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕi̯uk̚²/, /suk̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xiug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕiʊk̚¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: siu̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siu³³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sé̤ṳk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /søyʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siok
  - Tâi-lô: siok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siog
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɕiɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sok
  - Tâi-lô: sok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sog
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
  - Tâi-lô: sik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seg
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɕiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak
  - Tâi-lô: siak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiak̚⁵/

Note:

siok - literary;
sok - vernacular;
sek/siak - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: suah⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: suah
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /suaʔ²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: soq (T4)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /sɨuk̚/

Rime
Character	宿
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	東 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息逐切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/siuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/siuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/suwk̚/
Li Rong	/siuk̚/
Wang Li	/sĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	su
Expected Cantonese Reflex	suk¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]uk/
(Zhengzhang): /*suɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	宿
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sù
Middle Chinese	‹ sjuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]uk/
English	spend the night
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	宿
Reading #	2/2
No.	12105
Phonetic component	宿
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	肅
Old Chinese	/*suɡ/

Definitions

宿

to stay overnight; to lodge
to reside; to live; to dwell
lodge; lodging station; residence
perching bird; resting bird
to keep watch at night; to be on night duty
night; nighttime
Classifier for the number of nights: night
借宿一宿 ― jièsù yī xiǔ ― to stay for one night
to be content with
to stay; to stay behind; to delay; to stop over; to be stationed
- 宿治者削。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: The Book of Lord Shang, circa 3^rd century BCE
  Sùzhì zhě xuē. [Pinyin]
  He who procrastinates in creating order will be dismembered.
(from) last night; the previous night; overnight
(from) last year; spanning two years
the past; former times
old; longstanding
big; great; considerable
old and experienced; skilful; master
renowned person; someone of high standing
Alternative form of 夙 (sù, “usually; normally”).
predestined; preordained
宿命 ― sùmìng ― destiny [lit. predestined life]
in advance; beforehand
Alternative form of 肅／肃 (sù, “respectful; solemn”).
Alternative form of 肅／肃 (sù, “to admonish; to warn”).
Alternative form of 肅／肃 (sù, “to offer”).
(～國) (historical) The name of an ancient state located in modern-day Dongping county in Shandong province.
(～州) (historical) The name of an ancient prefecture during the Tang dynasty, located in modern-day Suzhou city in Anhui province.
(～縣) (historical) The name of an abolished county, now the Suzhou city in Anhui province.
Short for 宿州 (Sùzhōu, “Suzhou city in Anhui province”).
a surname

Compounds

Derived terms from 宿

一宿
上宿
中宿
伴宿 (bànsù)
住宿 (zhùsù)
信宿
借宿 (jièsù)
值宿 (zhísù)
停眠整宿
儤宿
同宿 (tóngsù)
名宿
外宿
存宿
安宿
宿世
宿世冤家
宿主 (sùzhǔ)
宿儒 (sùrú)
宿名
宿命 (sùmìng)
宿命通
宿善
宿因
宿墨
宿夕
宿好
宿宿 (sùsù)
宿屋
宿弊
宿心 (sùxīn)
宿志
宿怨 (sùyuàn)
宿慧
宿憾
宿料
宿昔
宿望
宿根
宿歇
宿泊
宿生 (sùshēng)
宿留
宿疾 (sùjí)

宿瘤
宿素
宿老
宿舍 (sùshè)
宿草
宿莽
宿逋
宿遇
宿酒
宿酲
宿醉 (sùzuì)
宿雨
寄宿 (jìsù)
寄宿生 (jìsùshēng)
寡宿孤辰
尊宿 (zūnsù)
弋不射宿
投宿 (tóusù)
朝餐夜宿
歇宿 (xiēsù)
止宿 (zhǐsù)
求宿
淹宿
留宿 (liúsù)
直宿
眠花宿柳
老宿
耆宿
膳宿 (shànsù)
草行露宿
通宿 (tōngxiǔ)
野宿
露宿 (lùsù)
食宿 (shísù)
一償宿願／一偿宿愿
中間宿主／中间宿主
夜宿曉行／夜宿晓行
孤眠獨宿／孤眠独宿
宿債／宿债
宿命論／宿命论 (sùmìnglùn)
宿妝／宿妆
宿學／宿学
宿學舊儒／宿学旧儒
宿將／宿将 (sùjiàng)

宿將舊卒／宿将旧卒
宿敵／宿敌 (sùdí)
宿構／宿构
宿營／宿营 (sùyíng)
宿痾／宿疴
宿緣／宿缘 (sùyuán)
宿衛／宿卫
宿諾／宿诺
宿賊／宿贼
宿遷／宿迁 (Sùqiān)
宿霧／宿雾 (Sùwù)
宿頓／宿顿
宿頭／宿头
宿願／宿愿 (sùyuàn)
宿麥／宿麦
寄宿學校／寄宿学校 (jìsù xuéxiào)
房宿錢／房宿钱
曉行夜宿／晓行夜宿
東食西宿／东食西宿
棲宿／栖宿
歸宿／归宿 (guīsù)
水宿風餐／水宿风餐
溫宿／温宿 (Wēnsù)
獨宿／独宿
眠鷗宿鷺／眠鸥宿鹭
終宿主／终宿主
經宿不歸／经宿不归 (jīng sù bù guī)
老師宿儒／老师宿儒
胸無宿物／胸无宿物
舊愛宿恩／旧爱宿恩
託宿／托宿
雙宿雙飛／双宿双飞 (shuāngsùshuāngfēi)
雙棲雙宿／双栖双宿
露宿風餐／露宿风餐
風飧露宿／风飧露宿
風餐水宿／风餐水宿
風餐雨宿／风餐雨宿
風餐露宿／风餐露宿 (fēngcānlùsù)
餐風宿水／餐风宿水
餐風宿雨／餐风宿雨
餐風宿露／餐风宿露 (cānfēngsùlù)
餐風露宿／餐风露宿
齊宿／齐宿
齋宿／斋宿

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiù (xiu⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄡˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): sau³
(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhiu¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siu
Min Dong (BUC): séu
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): siù
(Teochew, Peng'im): siu³
Wu (Wiktionary): xieu (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiù
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siòu
  - Wade–Giles: hsiu⁴
  - Yale: syòu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiow
  - Palladius: сю (sju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjoʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: sau³
  - Yale: sau
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sau³
  - Guangdong Romanization: seo³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐu̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhiu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiu³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siu
  - Hakka Romanization System: xiu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xiu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕi̯u⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: séu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɛu²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siù
  - Tâi-lô: siù
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siux
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɕiu²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiu⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕiu²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɕiu¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕiu²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: siu³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siù
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siu²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: xieu (T2)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɜ³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /sɨu^H/

Rime
Character	宿
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息救切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/siu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/siəu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/suw^H/
Li Rong	/siu^H/
Wang Li	/sĭəu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯ə̯u^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sau³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]uk-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*suɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	宿
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiù
Middle Chinese	‹ sjuw^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]uk-s/
English	"mansion" of the zodiac (where the moon is found on successive nights)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	宿
Reading #	1/2
No.	12104
Phonetic component	宿
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	秀
Old Chinese	/*suɡs/

Definitions

宿

(archaic, Chinese astronomy) constellation; “mansion” of the zodiac

Compounds

Derived terms from 宿

二十八宿 (Èrshíbā Xiù)
井宿 (Jǐngxiù)
列宿
危宿 (Wēixiù)
壁宿 (Bìxiù)
女宿 (Nǚxiù)

室宿 (Shìxiù)
星宿 (xīngxiù)
星宿海
柳宿 (Liǔxiù)
水宿
牛宿 (Niúxiù)

角宿 (Jiǎoxiù)
斗宿 (Dǒuxiù)
畢宿／毕宿 (Bìxiù)
畢宿星團／毕宿星团
虛宿／虚宿 (Xūxiù)

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sù (su⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄙㄨˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sù
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sù
  - Wade–Giles: su⁴
  - Yale: sù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suh
  - Palladius: су (su)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su⁵¹/

Definitions

宿

Only used in 宿宿 (sùsù, “walking slowly in small steps”).

Pronunciation 4

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Qī (Qi¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Qī
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Ci
  - Wade–Giles: Chʻi¹
  - Yale: Chī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Chi
  - Palladius: Ци (Ci)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

Definitions

宿

^† Alternative form of 戚 (Qī, “name of a county in the State of Wei”).

References

“宿”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

宿

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

lodging, inn
home

Readings

Go-on: すく (suku)
Kan-on: しゅく (shuku, Jōyō)
Kun: やどる (yadoru, 宿る, Jōyō); やど (yado, 宿, Jōyō); やどす (yadosu, 宿す, Jōyō)

Compounds

民(みん)宿(しゅく) (minshuku): traditional Japanese budget inn
新(しん)宿(じゅく) (Shinjuku): Shinjuku
宿(しゅく)題(だい) (shukudai): homework
宿(しゅく)命(めい) (shukumei): destiny; fate
宿(しゅく)泊(はく) (shukuhaku): lodging
野(の)宿(じゅく) (nojuku): sleeping rough; wild camping
安(やす)宿(やど) (yasuyado): cheap hotel

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
宿
やど Grade: 3
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 宿 – see the following entry.

【やど】	[noun] lodging, inn [noun] house, home

(This term, 宿, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
宿
しゅく Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 宿 (MC sɨu^H, sɨuk̚).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しゅく [shùkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕɨᵝkɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

宿(しゅく) • (shuku) ^{←しゆく (syuku)^?}

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
宿
しゅく Grade: 3
on’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 宿 – see the following entry.

【しゅく】

[noun] (historical) shuku, a class of outcast in medieval and pre-modern Kinki region

Alternative spellings
夙, 宿, 守公, 守宮

(This term, 宿, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 宿 (MC sɨuk̚).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 슉〮 (Yale: syúk) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 슉 (syuk)^訓 (Yale: syuk) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰuk̚]
Phonetic hangul: [숙]

Hanja

Wikisource宿 (eumhun 잘 숙 (jal suk))

Hanja form^? of 숙 (“sleep; lodging”).

Compounds

숙면 (宿眠, sungmyeon)
숙명 (宿命, sungmyeong)
숙소 (宿所, sukso)
숙취 (宿醉, sukchwi)
투숙 (投宿, tusuk)
혼숙 (混宿, honsuk)
숙제 (宿題, sukje)
숙원 (宿願, sugwon)
숙직 (宿直, sukjik)
숙주 (宿主, sukju)
숙적 (宿敵, sukjeok)
기숙 (寄宿, gisuk)
여숙 (旅宿, yeosuk)
앙숙 (怏宿, angsuk)
합숙 (合宿, hapsuk)
숙환 (宿患, sukhwan)
숙원 (宿怨, sugwon)
숙식 (宿食, suksik)
숙망 (宿望, sungmang)
동숙 (同宿, dongsuk)
숙변 (宿便, sukbyeon)
하숙 (下宿, hasuk)
숙객 (宿客, sukgaek)
숙박 (宿泊, sukbak, “accommodation”)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 宿 (MC sɨu^H).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 슈ᇢ〮 (Yale: syúw) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 슈 (syu)^訓 (Yale: syu) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰu(ː)]
Phonetic hangul: [수(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

宿 (eumhun 별자리 수 (byeoljari su))

Hanja form^? of 수 (“(Chinese astronomy) constellation; “mansion” of the zodiac”).

Compounds

진수 (辰宿, jinsu)
정수 (井宿, jeongsu)
수요 (宿曜, suyo)
방수 (房宿, bangsu)
누수 (婁宿, nusu)
성수 (星宿, seongsu, “Star Mansion (one of Twenty-Eight Mansions)”)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

宿: Hán Nôm readings: túc, tú

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN