孤苦

孤苦

Chinese

		lone; lonely	bitter; intensely; miserable bitter; intensely; miserable; painful
trad. (孤苦)		孤	苦
simp. #(孤苦)		孤	苦

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gūkǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨ ㄎㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gu¹ fu²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kû-khú
• Min Nan (POJ): ko͘-khó͘

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: gūkǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨ ㄎㄨˇ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gukuu
    • IPA ^(key): /ku⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gu¹ fu²
    • Yale: gū fú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gu¹ fu²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gu¹ fu²
    • IPA ^(key): /kuː⁵⁵ fuː³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kû-khú
    • Hakka Romanization System: gu´ ku`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gu¹ ku³
    • IPA: /ku²⁴ kʰu³¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko͘-khó͘
    • Tâi-lô: koo-khóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ko'qor
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ³³ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɔ⁴¹/

Adjective

孤苦

1. orphaned and wretched