孀
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Translingual
Han character
孀 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+17, 20 strokes, cangjie input 女一月山 (VMBU), four-corner 41463, composition ⿰女霜)
References
- KangXi: page 273, character 43
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6885
- Dae Jaweon: page 542, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1090, character 7
- Unihan data for U+5B40
Chinese
| trad. | 孀 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 孀 | |
| alternative forms | 霜 㜀 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (相) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 相 | *slaŋ, *slaŋs |
| 廂 | *slaŋ |
| 湘 | *slaŋ |
| 緗 | *slaŋ |
| 箱 | *slaŋ |
| 葙 | *slaŋ |
| 想 | *slaŋʔ |
| 霜 | *sraŋ |
| 孀 | *sraŋ |
| 鸘 | *sraŋ |
| 驦 | *sraŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sraŋ) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 霜 (OC *sraŋ).
Etymology
Zhang (2000) relates it to 喪 (OC *smaːŋ, “mourning; funeral”), 喪 (OC *smaːŋs, “to lose”) and 霜 (OC *sraŋ, “frost (which causes loss)”). However, Schuessler (2007) considers these three words etymologically unrelated.
Pronunciation
Definitions
孀
- widow
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 寡婦 (“widow”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 寡, 寡婦, 寡妻, 嫠, 嫠婦, 孀, 孀妻, 孀婦, 遺孀, 孤孀, 孤嫠, 寡嫠 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 寡婦, 孤孀 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 寡婦, 半邊人兒, 半邊人 |
| Taiwan | 寡婦 | |
| Ulanhot | 寡婦 | |
| Tongliao | 寡婦 | |
| Chifeng | 寡婦 | |
| Bayanhot | 寡婦 | |
| Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 寡婦 | |
| Harbin | 寡婦 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 寡婦兒 | |
| Jinan | 寡婦 | |
| Luoyang | 寡婦 | |
| Wanrong | 寡婦 | |
| Xi'an | 寡婦 | |
| Yinchuan | 寡婦 | |
| Lanzhou | 寡婦 | |
| Xining | 寡婦 | |
| Ürümqi | 寡婦 | |
| Wuhan | 寡婦 | |
| Chengdu | 寡母子, 寡母兒, 寡婦 | |
| Guiyang | 寡婆, 寡婦 | |
| Guilin | 寡婦 | |
| Guanyang | 寡婆子 | |
| Liuzhou | 寡母婆, 寡婦婆, 寡婦 | |
| Yangzhou | 半邊人, 寡婦 | |
| Xinghua | 半邊人 | |
| Nanjing | 寡婦 | |
| Hefei | 寡婦 | |
| Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 女寡婦 | |
| Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 女寡婦 | |
| Dagudi (Maliba) | 寡婦 | |
| Reshuitang (Longling) | 寡婦婆 | |
| Mae Salong (Lancang) | 老寡婦 | |
| Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 寡婦 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 寡母婆, 寡婆 |
| Hong Kong | 寡母婆 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 寡婦婆 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 守寡婆 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 守寡婆 | |
| Taishan | 寡婆 | |
| Dongguan | 守寡婆 | |
| Yangjiang | 寡婦婆 | |
| Xinyi | 寡母婆 | |
| Hepu (Lianzhou) | 寡母婆 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 寡母婆 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 寡婦 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 寡婦, 半邊人 |
| Lichuan | 寡婦 | |
| Pingxiang | 寡婦, 寡婦婆 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 寡婦 |
| Yudu | 寡婦婆 | |
| Hong Kong | 守寡婆 | |
| Sabah (Longchuan) | 寡婦婆 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 守寡婆 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 寡婦, 寡婦老嫗 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 寡婦 |
| Xinzhou | 寡婦, 守寡哩 | |
| Taibus (Baochang) | 寡婦 | |
| Linhe | 寡婦 | |
| Jining | 寡婦 | |
| Hohhot | 寡婦 | |
| Baotou | 寡婦 | |
| Dongsheng | 寡婦 | |
| Haibowan | 寡婦 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 守寡嫲 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 孀居儂, 孀居 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 守寡儂, 守寡的, 守寡查某 |
| Quanzhou | 守寡儂 | |
| Zhangzhou | 守寡儂 | |
| Chaozhou | 守寡個 | |
| Shantou | 寡婦 | |
| Bangkok (Teochew) | 寡婦 | |
| Chiang Mai (Teochew) | 寡婦 | |
| Hat Yai (Teochew) | 寡婦 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 寡婦 | |
| Wenchang | 守節 | |
| Haikou | 死老公個 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Sanxiang | 寡婆 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 寡母婆 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 孤孀, 寡婦 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 寡婦, 單邊人 | |
| Suzhou | 孤孀 | |
| Wuxi | 寡婦 | |
| Danyang | 寡婦 | |
| Hangzhou | 寡婦 | |
| Ningbo | 孤孀老𡢿, 孤孀 | |
| Wenzhou | 守寡老人兒, 守寡老安人, 單邊人 | |
| Jinhua | 寡婦 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 寡婦 |
| Loudi | 寡婦 | |
| Shuangfeng | 單身寡婦, 寡婦 | |
Compounds
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Japanese
Kanji
孀
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)
- widow
Readings
- On (unclassified): そう (sō)
- Kun: やもめ (yamome)
Korean
Hanja
孀 (eum 상 (sang))
- widow
Vietnamese
Han character
孀: Hán Nôm readings: sương
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
- Nom Foundation