妍

See also: 姸

妍	U+598D, 妍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-598D

← 妌
[U+598C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

妎 →
[U+598E]

Translingual

Han character

妍 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 女一廿 (VMT), four-corner 4144₀, composition ⿰女开)

Derived characters

𡌎

References

KangXi: page 256, character 9

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6075

Dae Jaweon: page 520, character 8

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1029, character 7

Unihan data for U+598D

Chinese

trad.		妍
simp. ^#		妍
alternative forms		姸

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (幵) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
笄	*kŋeː
枅	*kŋeː
蚈	kŋeː, ŋ̊ʰeːn
羿	*ŋeːs
栞	*ŋ̊ʰaːn
雃	ŋaːn, ŋ̊ʰeːn
詽	ŋreːn, tŋ̊ʰeːn
揅	*ŋeːn
幵	*kŋeːn
鳽	kŋeːn, ŋeːn, ŋ̊ʰreːŋ, ŋreːɡ
豣	kŋeːn, ŋeːns
麉	kŋeːn, ŋ̊ʰeːn
趼	kŋeːnʔ, ŋeːn, *ŋeːns
汧	ŋ̊ʰeːn, ŋ̊ʰeːns
岍	*ŋ̊ʰeːn
研	ŋɡeːn, ŋeːns
妍	*ŋeːn
訮	*hŋeːn
鈃	*ɡeːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋeːn) : semantic 女 + phonetic 幵 (OC *kŋeːn).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yán (yan²)
(Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jin⁴
Min Dong (BUC): ngiĕng
Min Nan (Teochew, Peng'im): ngiêng⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): 'nyi (T1)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yán
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yán
  - Wade–Giles: yen²
  - Yale: yán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yan
  - Palladius: янь (janʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jin⁴
  - Yale: yìhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jin⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yin⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːn²¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ngiĕng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋieŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ngiêng⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngiêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋieŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: 'nyi (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʔn̠ʲi⁵³/

Middle Chinese: /ŋen/

Rime
Character	妍
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	五堅切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋen/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋen/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɛn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɛn/
Li Rong	/ŋen/
Wang Li	/ŋien/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋien/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jin⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ˤe[r]/
(Zhengzhang): /*ŋeːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	妍
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yán
Middle Chinese	‹ ngen ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ]ˁe[r]/
English	beautiful
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	妍
Reading #	1/1
No.	6172
Phonetic component	幵
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	姸
Old Chinese	/*ŋeːn/

Definitions

妍

^⁜ beautiful

Usage notes

Besides compounds, this character is also frequently used in personal names now.

Compounds

不辨妍媸
妍倡
妍唱
妍媚
妍媸
妍暖
妍皮痴骨
妍蒨

嫶妍
捧心妍
暄妍 (xuānyán)
妍麗／妍丽
桃李爭妍／桃李争妍
桃柳爭妍／桃柳争妍
爭奇鬥妍／争奇斗妍
爭妍／争妍 (zhēngyán)

爭妍獻媚／争妍献媚
爭妍鬥奇／争妍斗奇
爭妍鬥豔／争妍斗艳 (zhēngyándòuyàn)
百花爭妍／百花争妍 (bǎihuāzhēngyán)
盡態極妍／尽态极妍
纖妍／纤妍
豐妍／丰妍
鮮妍／鲜妍

References

“妍”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

妍

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): けん (ken), げん (gen)

Kun: うつくしい (utsukushii)

Korean

Hanja

妍 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

妍: Hán Nôm readings: ngơn

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.