大和

大和

Chinese

		big; great; huge big; great; huge; large; major; wide; deep; oldest; eldest; doctor	mix together; peace; harmony mix together; peace; harmony; and; with; union; cap (a poem); respond in singing; soft; warm
simp. and trad. (大和)		大	和

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Dàhé

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄜˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): daai⁶ wo⁴
• Min Nan (POJ): tāi-hô

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Dàhé
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄜˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Dàhé
    • Wade–Giles: Ta⁴-ho²
    • Yale: Dà-hé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Dahher
    • Palladius: Дахэ (Daxɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: daai⁶ wo⁴
    • Yale: daaih wòh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: daai⁶ wo⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: dai⁶ wo⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taːi̯²² wɔː²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi-hô
    • Tâi-lô: tāi-hô
    • Phofsit Daibuun: daixhooi
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tai²²⁻²¹ ho²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹⁻²² ho²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai²²⁻²¹ ho¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tai³³⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tai³³⁻²¹ hɤ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /dɑi^H|dɑ^H  ɦuɑ/

Rime
Character	大	大	和
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	定 (7)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)	歌 (94)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	I	I
Fanqie	徒蓋切	唐佐切	戸戈切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/ɦuɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/ɦuɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/ɣuɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dajH/	/daH/	/ɦwa/
Li Rong	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/ɣuɑ/
Wang Li	/dɑiH/	/dɑH/	/ɣuɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑiH/	/dʱɑH/	/ɣuɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dài	duò	huó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	daai6	do6	wo4

Proper noun

大和

1. (Chinese history) an era during the Tang dynasty, from 827 through 835 CE
2. (Chinese history) an era during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, from 929 through 935 CE
3. (Vietnamese history) an era during the reign of Lê Nhân Tông, from 1443 through 1453
4. (～鄉) Dahe (a township in Bazhou district, Bazhong, Sichuan, China)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (大和):

• → Japanese: 大(だい)和(わ) (Daiwa)

Etymology 2

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大和(やまと) (yamato).

Proper noun

大和

1. Yamato (ancient name for Japan)
2. (～市) Yamato (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)
3. (～號) (historical) Yamato (a World War II battleship)
4. (～級) Yamato class Battleship
5. (～國) Yamato Province, a former province in Japan, generally equivalent Nara Prefecture
6. An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 大和, Yamato

Derived terms

大和人 (dàhérén) 大和族 (dàhézú)

大和高田 (Dàhégāotián)

See also

• 日本 (Rìběn)
• 倭 (wō)

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
大	和
やまと
Grade: 1	Grade: 3
irregular

Alternative spellings
倭 和

⟨yamato₂⟩: [jamatə] → /jamato/

From older 邪馬台 (yamatai). From Old Japanese 大和 (yamato₂), from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Originally a geographical region in Nara, came to refer to all of Nara, and eventually to the country as a whole: Japan.

Chinese texts often used the word 倭 (“dwarf, midget”) to refer to the people of the Japanese archipelago, possibly because they were actually smaller, or more likely as an insult. This character came to be used in early Japanese texts, such as the Man'yōshū poetry compilation, with a kun'yomi or native-Japanese reading of Yamato to refer to Japan in general.

This 倭 character also has an on'yomi or borrowed Chinese reading of wa. During the reign of Empress Genmei (707–715), the 倭 character with an original Chinese meaning of “midget, dwarf” was replaced with the 和 character that is also read wa, but instead has the more favorable meaning of “harmony”, in spellings of the native Japanese term Yamato. The 和 character also has a kun'yomi of yawa, which would have been yaba in ancient times, suggesting another possible phonetic reason to use 和 to spell Yamato (on a softening of the “b”: yaba → yama). The 大 character meaning “great” was then prefixed to this.[1] The resulting kanji compound 大和 can also be read with a kun'yomi of Ōyamato[2][3] (see below).

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) や​まと [yáꜜmàtò] (Atamadaka – [1])[4][5]
• IPA^(key): [ja̠ma̠to̞]

Proper noun

大和(やまと) • (Yamato) 

1. a town in the Shikinoshimo district in the Yamato Province of Japan, generally equivalent to modern Tenri area
2. A city in Kanagawa Prefecture
3. one of the old provinces that made up Japan, generally equivalent to modern Nara prefecture
4. the country of Japan
5. 大和: a World War II battleship
6. 大和: a male given name
7. 大和: a surname

Synonyms

• (Japan): 日本 (Nihon, Nippon)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• (Japan): 大和人 (yamatobito)
• (Japan): 大和文 (yamatobumi)
• (Japan): 大和魂 (yamato damashii)
• (Japan): 大和琴 (yamatogoto)
• (Japan): 大和言葉 (yamato kotoba)
• (Japan): 大和名 (yamato na)
• (Japan): 大和撫子 (yamato nadeshiko)
• (Japan): 大和島 (yamatoshima)
• (Japan): 大和女 (yamatome)
• (Japan): 大和民族 (yamato minzoku)
• (Japan): 大和文字 (yamato moji)

Descendants

• → Chinese: 大和 (Dàhé)

See also

• 奈良(なら) (Nara)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
大	和
おお Grade: 1	やまと Grade: 3
kun’yomi	irregular

Alternative spellings
大倭 大日本

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[6]

Compound of 大 (ō, “great, big”) +‎ 大和 (Yamato, “the ancient Yamato kingdom; Japan”). The kanji spelling is an example of ateji (当て字).

Pronunciation

• (Irregular reading)
• IPA^(key): [o̞ːja̠ma̠to̞]

Proper noun

大(おお)和(やまと) • (Ōyamato) ^{←おほやまと (ofoyamato)?}

1. (historical) one of the old provinces that made up Japan, generally equivalent to modern Nara prefecture
2. (poetic) the country of Japan

See also

• 奈良(なら) (Nara)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
大	和
だい Grade: 1	わ Grade: 3
on’yomi

Appears to be a borrowing from Middle Chinese 大和 (MC dɑi^H|dɑ^H ɦuɑ|ɦuɑ^H).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• IPA^(key): [da̠iɰᵝa̠]

Proper noun

大(だい)和(わ) • (Daiwa) 

1. an era in history:
   1. (Chinese history) an era during the Tang dynasty, from 827 through 835 CE
   2. (Chinese history) an era during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, from 929 through 935 CE
   3. (Vietnamese history) an era during the reign of Lê Nhân Tông, from 1443 through 1453
2. a place:
   1. A neighborhood of Takatsuki, Osaka Prefecture.
   2. A township in Bazhong, Sichuan, China.

References

1. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
2. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
4. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
5. 1960, Tetsuo Hirayama (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
6. c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 3, poem 475), text here

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Kunigami

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *yamato, from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Cognate with Japanese 大和 (Yamato).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jamatuː/

Proper noun

大和 (hiragana やまと゚ぅー, rōmaji Yamatū)

1. Japan

Derived terms

• 大和言葉

 

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Miyako

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *yamato, from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Cognate with Japanese 大和 (Yamato).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jamatu/

Proper noun

大和 (hiragana やまとぅ, rōmaji Yamatu)

1. Japan

Derived terms

• 大和人
• 大和口
• 大和名
• 大和瓜
• 大和酒

 

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Okinawan

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
大	和
Grade: 1	Grade: 3
Irregular

Alternative spellings	倭 和 日本

From Proto-Ryukyuan *yamato, from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Cognate with mainland Japanese 大和 (Yamato).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jamatu/

Proper noun

大和 (hiragana やまとぅ, rōmaji Yamatu)

1. Japan, mainland Japan in contrast to Okinawa
2. Satsuma, Japan

Usage notes

• Because 大和 (Yamatu) may also refer to Satsuma, 大大和 (Ufuyamatu) is used to clearly refer to mainland Japan in contrast to Okinawa.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• (Japan): 大和 (やまとぅ)口 (ぐち) (yamatuguchi)
• (Japan): 大和 (やまとぅ)酒 (じゃき) (yamatujaki)
• (Japan): 大 (うふ)大和 (やまとぅ) (Ufu Yamatu)
• (Japan): 大和 (やまとぅ)世 (ゆー) (yamatu-yū)
• (Japan): 大和 (やまとぅ)嫁 (ゆみ) (yamatuyumi)
• (Japan): 大和 (やまとぅ)ん人 (ちゅ) (yamatunchu)

Proper noun

大和 (hiragana うふやまとぅ, rōmaji Ufuyamatu)

1. Alternative form of 大大和 (“Japan, Mainland Japan in contrast to Okinawan”).

References

• “やまとぅ【大和・倭】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
• 沖縄語辞典 (Okinawago Jiten, “Okinawan Dictionary”)‎, 1963
• “ヤマト（やまと）” in Okinawan Dialect Dictionary - Ajima.

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Yaeyama

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *yamato, from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Cognate with Japanese 大和 (Yamato).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jamatu/

Proper noun

大和 (hiragana やまとぅ, rōmaji Yamatu)

1. Japan

Derived terms

• 大和物言

 

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Yonaguni

Alternative forms

• 倭

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *yamato, from Proto-Japonic *yamatə. Cognate with Japanese 大和 (Yamato).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /damatu/

Proper noun

大和 (hiragana だまとぅ, rōmaji Damatu)

1. Japan

Derived terms

• 大和物言

 

References

• “だまとぅ【大和・倭】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.