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单词 売る
释义

売る

Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: 2
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
賣る (kyūjitai)

Etymology

Probably from Old Japanese. First attested in a text from 810,[1] just on the cusp of the historical delineation between Old Japanese and Early Middle Japanese.

Possibly cognate with Old Japanese (u), modern Japanese 得る (eru, to obtain, to get), from the sense of getting money in exchange for the item sold.

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) [ùrú] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA(key): [ɯ̟ᵝɾɯ̟ᵝ]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "売る"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
売る[ùrú]
Imperative (命令形)売れ[ùré]
Key constructions
Passive売られるられる[ùrárérú]
Causative売らせるらせる[ùrásérú]
Potential売れるれる[ùrérú]
Volitional売ろう[ùróꜜò]
Negative売らないらない[ùránáí]
Negative perfective売らなかったらなかった[ùránáꜜkàttà]
Formal売りますりま[ùrímáꜜsù]
Perfective売ったった[ùttá]
Conjunctive売ってって[ùtté]
Hypothetical conditional売れば[ùréꜜbà]

Verb

() (uru) transitive godan (stem () (uri), past ()った (utta), kyūjitai 賣る)

Japanese verb pair
active売る
mediopassive売れる
  1. [from 810] to sell something (to agree to transfer goods)
    ()(さい)()
    yasai o uru
    to sell vegetables
  2. [from 1591] to sell someone out, to betray
    (なか)()()
    nakama o uru
    to sell out one's friend, to sell one's friend down the river
    友達(ともだち)警察(けいさつ)()
    tomodachi o keisatsu ni uru
    to turn in a friend to the police
  3. [from 1913] to agitate, to incite
    (けん)()()
    kenka o uru
    to incite a quarrel
    (なん)だ、(けん)()()ってんのか?
    Nan da, kenka utten no ka?
    What, are you looking for / asking for a fight?

Conjugation

Synonyms

  • (sell): (archaic) ひさぐ (hisagu)
  • (betray): 裏切(うらぎ) (uragiru)
  • (agree to transfer goods): ひさぐ (hisagu)

Antonyms

  • (agree to transfer goods): () (kau, to buy)

Derived terms

References

  1. ”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Further reading

  • Entry at Gogen Yurai Jiten ("Etymology Derivation Dictionary", in Japanese)
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