墮
See also: 堕 and 墜
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Translingual
| Traditional | 墮 |
|---|---|
| Shinjitai | 堕 |
| Simplified | 堕 |
Han character
墮 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 弓月土 (NBG) or X弓月土 (XNBG), four-corner 74104, composition ⿱隋土)
Derived characters
- 𡃏, 𭐄, 𣟁, 𥶴
Related characters
- 堕 (Japanese shinjitai and simplified Chinese)
References
- KangXi: page 239, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5481
- Dae Jaweon: page 478, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 484, character 3
- Unihan data for U+58AE
Chinese
| trad. | 墮 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 堕 | |
| alternative forms | 𫝡 隓 obsolete 墯 𡐦 dur (doe6) Cantonese, nonstandard | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (隓) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 鬌 | *ʔl'oːlʔ, *l'oːlʔ, *l'ol |
| 隋 | *l̥ʰoːlʔ, *l'oːlʔ, *ljol |
| 墮 | *l̥ʰoːlʔ, *l'oːlʔ, *hlol |
| 媠 | *l̥ʰoːlʔ, *l'oːls |
| 橢 | *l̥ʰoːlʔ |
| 嫷 | *l̥ʰoːls, *l'oːlʔ |
| 毻 | *l̥ʰoːls, *l̥ʰoːds |
| 堶 | *l'oːl |
| 憜 | *l'oːlʔ |
| 惰 | *l'oːlʔ, *l'oːls |
| 嶞 | *l'oːlʔ |
| 髓 | *slolʔ |
| 瀡 | *slolʔ, *slols |
| 隨 | *ljol |
| 隓 | *hlol |
| 隳 | *hlol |
| 撱 | *lolʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰoːlʔ, *l'oːlʔ, *hlol) : phonetic 隋 (OC *l̥ʰoːlʔ, *l'oːlʔ, *ljol) + semantic 土.
Pronunciation 1
Definitions
墮
- to fall; to sink
- to degenerate
- 故上悖日月之明，下爍山川之精，中墮四時之施，惴耎之蟲，肖翹之物，莫不失其性。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Gù shàng bèi rìyuè zhī míng, xià shuò shānchuān zhī jīng, zhōng duò sìshí zhī shī, zhuìnuò zhī chóng, xiàoqiào zhī wù, mòbù shī qí xìng. [Pinyin]
- It is just as if, above, the brightness of the sun and moon were darkened; as if, beneath, the productive vigour of the hills and streams were dried up; and as if, between, the operation of the four seasons were brought to an end: in which case there would not be a single weak and wriggling insect, nor any plant that grows up, which would not lose its proper nature.
故上悖日月之明，下烁山川之精，中堕四时之施，惴耎之虫，肖翘之物，莫不失其性。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (Cantonese) droopy; saggy
- Alternative form of 惰 (duò).
Usage notes
- Not to be confused with 墜／坠 (zhuì).
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 墮 – see 隳 (“to destroy; to ruin; to damage”). (This character, 墮, is a variant form of 隳.) |
Japanese
Shinjitai | 堕 |
Kyūjitai | 墮 |
Kanji
墮
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 堕)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
- On (unclassified): だ (da)
- Kun: くずれる (kuzureru); くずす (kuzusu); おちる (ochiru)
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 墮 (MC tʰuɑX).
| Historical readings |
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Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [tʰa̠(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [타(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
Wikisource墮 (eumhun 떨어질 타 (tteoreojil ta))
- Hanja form? of 타 (“to fall; to degenerate”).
Compounds
Compounds
- 타락 (墮落, tarak)
- 타옥 (墮獄, taok)
- 타태 (墮胎, tatae)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
Vietnamese
Han character
墮: Hán Nôm readings: đọa/đoạ, đụi, dọa/doạ, dụa
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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