请输入您要查询的单词：

　

单词 塵
释义

塵

See also: 尘
塵 U+5875, 塵
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5875
← 塴
[U+5874]		CJK Unified Ideographs塶 →
[U+5876]

Translingual

Han character

塵 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 戈心土 (IPG), four-corner 00214, composition ⿸鹿土)

Derived characters

  • 薼

References

  • KangXi: page 236, character 38
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5388
  • Dae Jaweon: page 475, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 482, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5875

Chinese

trad.塵
simp.尘
alternative forms𪋻
𡔚

Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 鹿 (“deer”) + 土 (“soil, dust”) – cloud of dust produced by a (group of) running deer. Ancient simplification of 𪋻, which pictures three deer on top instead of one.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-dul ~ r-tul (“dust”). Cognate with Tibetan རྡུལ (rdul, “dust, particle”).

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chén (chen2)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄣˊ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): can4
  • Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ̀n
  • Min Dong (BUC): dìng
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): tîn / thûn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ding5 / tung5
  • Wu (Wiktionary): zen (T3)
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: chén
      • Zhuyin: ㄔㄣˊ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: chén
      • Wade–Giles: chʻên2
      • Yale: chén
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chern
      • Palladius: чэнь (čɛnʹ)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: can4
      • Yale: chàhn
      • Cantonese Pinyin: tsan4
      • Guangdong Romanization: cen4
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐn²¹/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ̀n
      • Hakka Romanization System: ciinˇ
      • Hagfa Pinyim: cin2
      • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨn¹¹/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: dìng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /tiŋ⁵³/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tîn / thûn
      • Tâi-lô: tîn / thûn
      • Phofsit Daibuun: diin, tuun
      • IPA (Xiamen): /tin²⁴/, /tʰun²⁴/
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /tin²⁴/, /tʰun²⁴/
      • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tin¹³/, /tʰun¹³/
      • IPA (Taipei): /tin²⁴/, /tʰun²⁴/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tin²³/, /tʰun²³/
Note:
  • thûn - vernacular;
  • tîn - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: ding5 / tung5
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tîng / thûng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /tiŋ⁵⁵/, /tʰuŋ⁵⁵/
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: zen (T3)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /z̥əɲ²³/
  • Middle Chinese: /ɖˠiɪn/
Rime
Character塵
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)澄 (11)
Final (韻)眞 (44)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)III
Fanqie直珍切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/ɖˠiɪn/
Pan
Wuyun		/ɖᵚin/
Shao
Rongfen		/ȡien/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/ɖjin/
Li
Rong		/ȡjĕn/
Wang
Li		/ȡǐĕn/
Bernard
Karlgren		/ȡʱi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		chén
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		can4
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]rə[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*rdɯn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character塵
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		chén
Middle
Chinese		‹ drin ›
Old
Chinese		/*[d]rə[n]/
Englishdust (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character塵
Reading #1/1
No.1397
Phonetic
component		塵
Rime
group		文
Rime
subdivision		1
Corresponding
MC rime		陳
Old
Chinese		/*rdɯn/

Definitions

塵

  1. dust; dirt; ashes; cinders
    吸塵器／吸尘器  ―  xīchénqì  ―  vacuum cleaner
  2. to be streaked with dirt; to become stained
  3. trace; footprint
  4. (figurative) dirty thing
  5. (figurative) war; warfare
  6. (Buddhism) this world; mundane world; this mortal life
  7. (Buddhism) the number billionth (10–9)
  8. for a long time
  9. a surname

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 灰塵 (“dust”) [map]
Variety Location Words
edit
Classical Chinese塵, 埃, 塵埃, 坌, 塕, 坱
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)灰塵, 灰土, 塵土, 塵埃
MandarinBeijing塵土, 土, 灰
Taiwan灰塵, 塵埃, 塵土
Tianjin塵土
Chengde𡋯土
Tangshan灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 塵
Cangzhou灰, 塵土, 土
Baoding堂土
Shijiazhuang塵土
Chifeng灰, 土
Hulunbuir (Hailar)灰土, 灰, 塵土
Heihe灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
Qiqihar灰塵, 灰土
Harbin灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
Jiamusi灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
Baicheng灰塵, 灰, 灰土, 塵搭灰
Changchun灰塵, 灰, 塵土
Tonghua灰, 土
Shenyang灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
Dandong灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
Jinzhou灰塵, 塵土, 𡋯土
Dalian灰, 塵
Yantai灰, 𡋯土
Yantai (Muping)灰
Qingdao灰, 𡋯土, 土
Lijin灰, 𡋯土
Zhucheng灰
Jinan𡋯土, 土, 灰
Jining𡋯土
Luoyang灰塵, 塵土
Wanrong土
Shangqiu灰塵, 灰, 塵土
Yuanyang灰塵, 灰, 塵土
Zhengzhou灰塵, 灰
Lingbao灰
Xinyang灰
Baihe灰, 塵土
Hanzhong灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
Xi'an塵土, 土, 灰, 灰塵, 灰纖
Baoji灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
Yinchuan灰塵, 塵灰, 灰
Tianshui灰, 𡋯土
Lanzhou灰, 灰土, 塵土, 土
Dunhuang灰塵, 塵土
Xining塵土, 灰塵
Hami灰塵
Ürümqi灰, 灰灰
Wuhan灰, 灰塵
Yichang灰塵, 灰
Xiangyang灰
Tianmen灰塵, 灰, 土
Hong'an灰塵, 灰
Chengdu灰塵, 灰, 灰灰
Nanchong灰塵, 灰, 灰灰
Dazhou灰塵
Hanyuan灰塵, 灰
Xichang灰塵, 灰, 灰灰
Zigong灰, 揚塵
Chongqing灰
Guiyang灰灰, 灰, 灰塵
Zunyi灰
Bijie灰塵, 灰灰
Liping灰
Zhaotong塵灰
Dali灰
Kunming塵灰, 灰, 土, 灰灰
Mengzi灰
Guilin灰塵
Guilin (Lingui)灰塵
Liuzhou灰塵, 灰, 塳塵
Liuzhou (Luorong)灰塵
Nanning (Wuming)灰塵, 煙塵
Jishou灰塵
Changde灰塵
Anqing堂灰, 屯灰, 灰
Xuzhou灰, 𡋯土, 土
Fuyang灰塵, 灰
Wuhu灰
Yangzhou灰塵, 灰
Lianyungang堂灰, 灰
Lianshui堂灰, 灰
Nanjing灰塵, 灰, 堂灰
Hefei灰
Nantong沙灰
Singapore灰塵, 塵土
Dagudi (Maliba)灰
Reshuitang (Longling)灰
Mae Salong (Lancang)灰
Mae Sai (Tengchong)灰
CantoneseGuangzhou塵, 灰塵, 煙塵, 泥塵, 沙塵, 塳塵
Hong Kong塵, 灰塵, 灰, 塵埃, 沙塵
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)灰塵, 泥塵
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)灰塵, 煙塵
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)泥塵
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)泥塵
Macau灰塵
Guangzhou (Panyu)煙塵
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)灰塵
Guangzhou (Conghua)塵
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)灰塵
Foshan灰塵
Foshan (Shunde)灰塵
Foshan (Sanshui)灰塵
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)灰塵
Zhongshan (Shiqi)灰塵
Zhuhai (Qianshan)灰塵
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)灰塵
Zhuhai (Doumen)灰塵
Jiangmen (Baisha)灰塵
Jiangmen (Xinhui)灰塵
Taishan灰塵
Kaiping (Chikan)灰塵
Enping (Niujiang)灰塵
Heshan (Yayao)灰塵
Dongguan灰塵
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)灰塵
Qingyuan灰塵
Fogang灰塵
Yingde (Hanguang)灰塵
Yangshan灰塵
Lianshan (Butian)灰塵
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)灰塵
Shaoguan灰塵
Shaoguan (Qujiang)塵灰, 灰塵
Renhua塵灰
Lechang塵灰
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)灰塵
Sihui灰塵
Guangning灰塵
Deqing灰塵
Huaiji灰塵
Fengkai (Nanfeng)泥塵
Yunfu塳塵
Xinxing灰塵, 塵埃
Luoding灰塵
Yunan (Pingtai)灰塵
Yangjiang煙塵
Xinyi灰塵
Lianjiang灰塵, 煙塵
Nanning灰塵, 煙塵
Wuzhou灰塵, 煙塵
Yulin煙塵
Hepu (Lianzhou)灰塵, 煙塵
Hepu (Shatian)煙塵, 塵土, 灰塵
Guiping灰塵, 蚊塵
Guiping (Mule)蚊塵
Pingnan蚊塵
Mengshan (Xihe)塳塵
Guigang (Gangcheng)灰塵
Guigang (Nanjiang)灰塵
Guigang (Pingdong)灰塵
Beiliu (Tangliao)灰塵
Baise灰塵
Bobai灰塵
Lingshan灰塵
Pubei煙塵
Qinzhou灰塵
Beihai灰塵
Beihai (Nankang)泥塵
Beihai (Yingpan)煙塵
Ningming灰塵
Hengxian蚊塵
Danzhou煙塵
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)塵灰, 灰塵
Bangkok (Guangfu)灰塵
GanNanchang灰
Lichuan灰
Pingxiang灰, 灰塵
HakkaMeixian塵灰, 泥塵
Xingning塵灰
Dabu (Xihe)灰塵
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)塵灰, 煙塵, 泥塵, 沙塵
Huidong (Daling)塵灰
Dongguan (Qingxi)泥塵
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)灰塵
Zhongshan (Wuguishan)灰塵, 泥塵
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)灰塵
Wuhua (Shuizhai)灰塵
Wuhua (Huacheng)塵, 塵灰, 灰塵
Wuhua (Changbu)泥塵
Wuhua (Mianyang)塵灰
Heyuan (Bendihua)塵灰
Wengyuan塵灰
Shaoguan (Qujiang)塵灰
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)塳
Liannan塵灰
Conghua (Lütian)塵灰
Jiexi塵灰
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)揚塵
Changting塵灰, 灰塵
Yongding塵灰
Yongding (Xiayang)塵灰
Yongding (Gaobei)灰塵
Yongding (Hukeng)灰塵
Wuping塵灰
Wuping (Yanqian)塵灰
Wuping (Pingyu)塵灰
Liancheng塵灰
Liancheng (Peitian)塵灰
Liancheng (Juxi)塵灰
Liancheng (Zhongbao)塵灰
Liancheng (Laiyuan)灰塵
Ninghua塵灰, 灰塵
Qingliu塵灰
Yudu灰
Ningdu塵灰
Ruijin塵灰
Shicheng塵灰
Shangyou (Shexi)塵灰
Tonggu (Sandu)塵灰
Ganzhou (Panlong)灰塵
Dayu灰塵
Miaoli (N. Sixian)塵灰
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)塵灰
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)塵灰
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)塵灰, 塕塵
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)塵灰
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)泥粉
Hong Kong泥塵
Yangxi (Tangkou)煙塵
Yangchun (Sanjia)灰塵
Xinyi (Sihe)塳塵
Xinyi (Qianpai)塳塵
Gaozhou (Xindong)煙塵
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)泥塵, 灰塵
Huazhou (Xin'an)煙塵
Lianjiang (Shijiao)灰塵
Lianjiang (Qingping)塵煙
Mengshan (Xihe)塳塵
Luchuan泥煙
Luchuan (Daqiao)塵煙
Beiliu (Tang'an)灰塵
Mashan (Pianlian)灰塵
Sabah (Longchuan)塵灰, 泥塵
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)灰塵
Senai (Huiyang)灰塵
Singkawang塵灰
Bangkok (Meixian)塵灰
Bangkok (Fengshun)塵灰
Bangkok (Jiexi)塵灰, 泥粉
HuizhouJixi灰
Shexian灰塵, 灰
JinTaiyuan塵土, 土
Yangyuan灰, 塵土
Datong灰塵, 塵土
Xinzhou塵土, 灰塵
Lishi灰塵, 塵土
Linfen塵土
Changzhi塵灰, 灰
Linhe灰塵, 灰, 土
Jining灰塵
Hohhot灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土
Erenhot灰塵
Pingshan塵土, 土
Zhangjiakou灰土, 灰
Handan灰塵
Linzhou灰塵, 灰
Suide灰塵, 灰, 土
Min BeiJian'ou灰塵, 塵灰
Jian'ou (Dikou)塵
Zhenghe (Zhenqian)塵, 煙腸苦
Pucheng (Shibei)灰塵
Min DongFuzhou塕塵, 塗粉
Changle塕塵
Fuqing塕塵
Yongtai塗粉
Gutian塕塵
Fu'an煙霧
Ningde塕塵
Shouning塗粉
Zhouning塕塵
Fuding塕埃
Matsu塕塵
Min NanXiamen塗粉, 塕埃, 風飛沙
Quanzhou塗粉
Jinjiang塗粉
Yongchun塗粉
Zhangzhou塗粉
Zhangzhou (Changtai)塗粉
Pinghe塗粉
Zhangpu塗粉
Zhao'an塗粉
Taipei (Wanhua)塗沙粉
New Taipei (Tamsui)塗沙粉仔
Kaohsiung塗沙粉
Kaohsiung (Cijin)塗沙粉仔
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)塗粉仔
Yilan風飛沙
Yilan (Toucheng)塗粉
Changhua (Lukang)沙粉
Taichung塗沙
Taichung (Wuqi)風飛沙
Tainan塗粉, 塗沙粉, 塕埃, 風飛沙
Tainan (Anping)塗粉
Taitung風飛沙
Hsinchu風飛沙
Penghu (Magong)塗沙粉
Penghu (Xiyu)塗沙粉
Penang (Hokkien)塗粉
Singapore (Hokkien)塗粉
Zhangping (Yongfu)灰, 塗粉, 塕埃
Datian塗粉, 塕塵
Pingnan (Shangdu)灰
Chaozhou塗粉, 塕塵
Shantou塵, 塕塵, 灰塵
Jieyang塗粉, 塕塵
Bangkok (Teochew)塕塵
Johor Bahru (Teochew)塕塵
Leizhou塕塵, 塗沙粉
Wenchang塗灰
Haikou塗灰
Puxian MinPutian塗粉, 塕塵
Xianyou煙塵
Min ZhongYong'an塕塵
Sanyuan塕塵
Shaxian塕塵
Zhongshan MinShaxi (Longdu)煙塵
Sanxiang塕塵, 煙塵, 灰塵
Southern PinghuaNanning (Tingzi)坌塵, 煙塵, 灰塵
Binyang (Xinqiao)蚊塵
Northern PinghuaGuilin (Dahe)灰塵
Guilin (Chaoyang)灰塵
Guilin (Zhuyuan)灰塵
Lingchuan (Tanxia)灰塵
ShehuaFu'an煙霧
Fuding泥粉
Luoyuan煙塵
Sanming擸𢶍
Shunchang擸𢶍粉
Guixi (Zhangping)灰塵
Cangnan泥粉
Jingning火煤塵
Lishui火灰粉
Longyou灰粉
Chaozhou煙塵
Fengshun塕塵
WaxiangGuzhang (Gaofeng)灰
WuShanghai灰塵, 塳塵
Shanghai (Chongming)灰塵, 塳塵
Suzhou灰塵, 塳塵
Danyang灰塵, 灰
Hangzhou灰塵, 塳塵
Ningbo塳塵, 塳灰, 灰塵
Wenzhou坌塵, 坌塕, 塳塵
Jinhua塕, 塳塵
XiangChangsha灰
Loudi灰, 灰塵
Shuangfeng灰
Quanzhou灰塵

Compounds

Derived terms from 塵

Japanese

Kanji

塵

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: じん (jin)
  • Kan-on: ちん (chin)
  • Kun: ちり (chiri, 塵); ごみ (gomi, 塵)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
塵
ごみ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 塵 – see the following entry.
【ゴミ】
[noun] trash, rubbish, garbage
Alternative spellings
塵, 芥, ごみ
(This term, 塵, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
塵
ちり
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Noun

塵(ちり) • (chiri) 

  1. dust
    塵(ちり)は塵(ちり)に、灰(はい)は灰(はい)に
    chiri wa chiri ni, hai wa hai ni
    dust to dust, ashes to ashes
    • 2005 November 9, Watsuki, Nobuhiro, “武(ブ)装(ソウ)錬(レン)金(キン)ファイナル [Armed Alchemy: The Final Act]”, in 武(ブ)装(ソウ)錬(レン)金(キン) [Armed Alchemy], volume 9, Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:
      ガンザックオープン‼ナックルガードセット‼錬(れん)金(きん)の魔(ま)人(じん)よ　塵(ちり)と帰(かえ)れ‼
      Gan Zakku Ōpun‼ Nakkuru Gādo Setto‼ Renkin no majin yo chiri to kaere‼
      Gun Jacks, open! Knuckle Guards, set! Alchemy devil, return to the dust where you belong!!

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
塵
じん
Hyōgaiji
goon

From Middle Chinese 塵 (MC ɖˠiɪn). First attested in a Buddhist text from the 600s.[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) じ​ん [jíꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
  • IPA(key): [(d͡)ʑĩɴ]

Noun

塵(じん) • (jin) ←ぢん (din)?

  1. [from 600s] (Buddhism) impurity
  2. one billionth

References

  1. “塵”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

塵 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

塵: Hán Nôm readings: trần, chần

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
随便看

　

国际大辞典收录了7408809条英语、德语、日语等多语种在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词及词组的翻译及用法，是外语学习的有利工具。

　

Copyright © 2004-2023 idict.net All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/8/8 9:02:20