塌

塌	U+584C, 塌 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-584C

← 塋
[U+584B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

塍 →
[U+584D]

Translingual

Han character

塌 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土日尸一 (GASM), four-corner 4612₇, composition ⿰土𦐇)

References

KangXi: page 235, character 4

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5322

Dae Jaweon: page 472, character 31

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 471, character 13

Unihan data for U+584C

Chinese

trad.		塌
simp. ^#		塌

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (蹋) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
傝	tʰoːms, tʰaːb
搨	tʰoːb, taːb
蹹	*doːb
榻	*tʰaːb
遢	*tʰaːb
鰨	*tʰaːb
毾	*tʰaːb
塌	*tʰaːb
溻	*tʰaːb
蹋	*daːb
躢	*daːb
闒	*daːb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaːb) : semantic 土 (“dirt”) + phonetic 𦐇 ()

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): tā (ta¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄊㄚ
(Chengdu, SP): ta²
Cantonese (Jyutping): taap³
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): thap / lap
(Teochew, Peng'im): tab⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tā
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ta
  - Wade–Giles: tʻa¹
  - Yale: tā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ta
  - Palladius: та (ta)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰä⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ta²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ta
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰa²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: taap³
  - Yale: taap
  - Cantonese Pinyin: taap⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: tab³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaːp̚³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thap / lap
  - Tâi-lô: thap / lap
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tab, lab
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰap̚³²/, /lap̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰap̚⁵/, /lap̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰap̚³²/, /lap̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰap̚³²/, /lap̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰap̚³²/, /lap̚³²/

Note:

thap - literary;
lap - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tab⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tha̍p
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰap̚⁴/

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːb/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	塌
Reading #	1/1
No.	12247
Phonetic component	蹋
Rime group	盍
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	榻
Old Chinese	/*tʰaːb/

Definitions

塌

to collapse; to fall down
to sink
to droop
to calm down; to settle down

Synonyms

(to collapse):

edit

Synonyms of 塌

倒冧 (Cantonese)
倒塌 (dǎotā)
坍塌 (tāntā)
垮 (kuǎ)
崩坍 (bēngtān)
崩塌 (bēngtā)

崩裂 (bēngliè)
崩陷 (bēngxiàn) (literary, Min Nan)
瓦解 (wǎjiě)
陷落 (xiànluò)
傾覆／倾覆 (qīngfù)

垮臺／垮台 (kuǎtái) (figurative)
塌臺／塌台 (tātái) (figurative)
崩敗／崩败 (Min Nan)
崩潰／崩溃 (bēngkuì)
解體／解体 (jiětǐ)

(to droop):

edit

下垂 (xiàchuí)
拖 (tuō)

耷拉 (dāla) (colloquial)

嘟嚕／嘟噜 (dūlu)

Compounds

作塌
倒塌 (dǎotā)
光塌塌
剌剌塌塌
吹起捏塌
囤塌
坍塌 (tāntā)
塌中
塌伏
塌嘴
塌心
塌拉骨
塌方 (tāfāng)

塌架
塌然
塌空 (“thap-khang”) (Min Nan)
塌趿
塌陷 (tāxiàn)
塌鼻
塌鼻子 (tābízi)
天塌地陷
天崩地塌
天摧地塌 (tiāncuīdìtā)
崩塌 (bēngtā)
拽塌

死心塌地 (sǐxīntādì)
疲塌
衰塌
鼻塌嘴歪
一塌糊塗／一塌糊涂 (yītāhútú)
塌實／塌实 (tāshi)
塌秧兒／塌秧儿
塌臺／塌台 (tātái)
塌車／塌车
塌颯／塌飒
扁塌臉／扁塌脸
軟嘴塌舌／软嘴塌舌

Japanese

Kanji

塌

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): とう (tō)

Korean

Hanja

塌 • (tap) (hangeul 탑, revised tap, McCune–Reischauer t'ap)

grind
collapse; break
drop; hang down
first ploughing of the rice field

References

Naver Hanja Dictionary: 塌

Vietnamese

Han character

塌: Hán Nôm readings: tháp

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.