基本

基本

Chinese

		base; foundation; basic base; foundation; basic; radical (chemistry)	roots or stems of plants; origin; source roots or stems of plants; origin; source; this; the current; root; foundation; basis; (a measure word)
simp. and trad. (基本)		基	本

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jīběn

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧ ㄅㄣˇ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): gei¹ bun²

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): gei¹ bon²

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kî-pún
• Min Dong (BUC): gĭ-buōng
• Min Nan (POJ): ki-pún
• Wu (Wiktionary): ji pen (T1)

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: jīběn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ ㄅㄣˇ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jibeen
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiběn
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi˥ pən˨˩˦꜕꜖⁽꜕꜖꜓⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gei¹ bun²
    • Yale: gēi bún
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gei¹ bun²
    • Guangdong Romanization: géi¹ bun²
    • IPA ^(key): /kei̯˥ puːn˧˥/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: gei¹ bon²
    • IPA ^(key): /kei˧ pᵘɔn˥/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kî-pún
    • Hakka Romanization System: gi´ bun`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gi¹ bun³
    • IPA: /ki˨˦ pun˧˩/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gĭ-buōng
    • IPA ^(key): /ki˥⁻˥˧ ^(p-)βuoŋ˧/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki-pún
    • Tâi-lô: ki-pún
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ki'puon
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ki˦˦꜕꜕ pun˥˧/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ki˧˧ pun˥˥˦/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki˦˦꜕꜕ pun˥˧/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ki˦˦꜔꜔ pun˥˧/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki˦˦꜔꜔ pun˦˩/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: ji pen (T1)
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi˥ pəɲ˨˩/

---

• Middle Chinese: /kɨ  puən^X/▼

Rime
Character	基	本
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	居之切	布忖切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨ/	/puənX/
Pan Wuyun	/kɨ/	/puonX/
Shao Rongfen	/kie/	/puənX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɨ/	/pwənX/
Li Rong	/kiə/	/puənX/
Wang Li	/kĭə/	/puənX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki/	/puənX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jī	běn

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*k(r)ə  C.pˤə[n]ʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kɯ  pɯːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	基	本
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jī	běn
Middle Chinese	‹ ki ›	‹ pwonX ›
Old Chinese	/*k(r)ə/	/*C.pˁə[n]ʔ/
English	base (n.)	tree trunk
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	基	本
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9930	473
Phonetic component	其	本
Rime group	之	文
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	姬	本
Old Chinese	/*kɯ/	/*pɯːnʔ/

Noun

基本

1. basis; root; fundament

Synonyms

edit

來源／来源 (láiyuán) 出處／出处 (chūchù) 本源 (běnyuán) 根本 (gēnběn) 根源 (gēnyuán)

根頭／根头 (Min Nan) 源頭／源头 (yuántóu) (figuratively) 濫觴／滥觞 (lànshāng) (literary) 起源 (qǐyuán)

Adjective

基本

1. basic; fundamental; elementary; rudimentary

   基本假設 / 基本假设  ―  jīběn jiǎshè  ―  basic assumption

   馬克思主義基本原理 [MSC, trad.]
   马克思主义基本原理 [MSC, simp.]

   mǎkèsīzhǔyì jīběn yuánlǐ [Pinyin]

   the basic principles of Marxism

2. important; essential; main

Synonyms

• (basic): 基礎／基础 (jīchǔ)
• (important):

edit

根本 (gēnběn) 重大 (zhòngdà)

重要 (zhòngyào) 關鍵／关键 (guānjiàn)

Adverb

基本

1. overall; on the whole; generally; more or less; in the main

Synonyms

edit

基本上 (jīběnshàng) 大致上 (dàzhìshang)

大體上／大体上 (dàtǐshang) 總的來說／总的来说 (zǒngdeláishuō)

Derived terms

基本上 (jīběnshàng) 基本功 (jīběngōng) 基本單位／基本单位 基本國策／基本国策 基本法 (jīběnfǎ)

基本相互作用 (jīběn xiānghù zuòyòng) 基本矛盾 基本粒子 (jīběn lìzǐ) 基本詞彙／基本词汇 基本點／基本点 (jīběndiǎn)

---

Japanese

Kanji in this term
基	本
き Grade: 5	ほん Grade: 1
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
  • (Tokyo) きほん [kìhóń] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [kʲihõ̞ɴ]

Noun

基本 (hiragana きほん, rōmaji kihon)

1. foundation, basis, standard
2. (martial arts) kihon

Compounds

• 基本的 (きほんてき) (kihonteki): fundamental, standard, basic
• 基本給 (きほんきゅう) (kihonkyū): basic salary
• 基本財産 (きほんざいさん) (kihonzaisan): endowment
• 基本数 (きほんすう) (kihonsū): monoploid number

References

1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

---

Korean

Hanja in this term
基	本

Noun

基本 • (gibon) (hangeul 기본)

1. Hanja form^? of 기본 (“basis, foundation”).

---

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
基	本

Noun

基本

1. Hán tự form of cơ bản (“basic; essential; fundamental”).

Adverb

基本

1. Hán tự form of cơ bản (“basically; essentially”).