垃圾
Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (垃圾) | 垃 | 圾 | |
| simp. #(垃圾) | 垃 | 圾 | |
| alternative forms | 擸𢶍 磖磼 𧞪䙣 𧙀䙣 儠㒎 擸𢶍 磖磼 𧞪䙣 𧙀䙣 儠㒎 𦆻颯／𦆻飒 拉颯／拉飒 垃靸 垃趿 | ||
Etymology
From earlier 擸𢶍 (làsā, lèsè, “to jumble; jumble; litter”). Reduplication derived from a root (*lap or *sap) meaning "untidy, unclean".
Second syllable of the Mainland Mandarin reading lājī is irregular, resulting from the incorrect association of the rare character in its obsolete form 靸 (sǎ) with the usual pronunciation of its phonetic component (及 (jí)).
Cognate with 邋遢 (lāta, “unclean, untidy, unkempt”) (> 邋邋遢遢, 邋裡邋遢／邋里邋遢).
Pronunciation 1
Noun
垃圾
- (literally) garbage; rubbish; trash; waste; refuse; junk
- 清理垃圾 ― qīnglǐ lājī ― to clean up the rubbish
- 扔垃圾 ― rēng lājī ― to litter
- (figuratively) rubbish (a valueless thing)
- (computing, Internet, prefix) junk messages; spam; unsolicited messages
- 垃圾郵箱／垃圾邮箱 ― lājī yóuxiāng ― spam folder
- 我昨天收到了三十多條垃圾短信。 [MSC, trad.]
- Wǒ zuótiān shōudào le sānshí duō tiáo lājī duǎnxìn. [Pinyin]
- I received over 30 spam text messages yesterday.
我昨天收到了三十多条垃圾短信。 [MSC, simp.]
Synonyms
- (garbage):
Dialectal synonyms of 垃圾 (“rubbish; garbage”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 垃圾, 廢物, 廢品, 破爛 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 垃圾, 髒土 |
| Taiwan | 垃圾 | |
| Jinan | 髒器, 垃圾 | |
| Xi'an | 惡圾, 髒發 | |
| Ürümqi | 垃圾 | |
| Wuhan | 渣滓, 垃圾 | |
| Chengdu | 渣滓, 渣渣 | |
| Guiyang | 渣渣 | |
| Guilin | 垃圾 | |
| Pingle | 垃圾, 糞草 | |
| Liuzhou | 垃圾 | |
| Tianlin (Langping) | 垃圾 | |
| Yangzhou | 灰, 垃圾 | |
| Nanjing | 垃圾 | |
| Hefei | 髒, 糞草 | |
| Qimen (Anling Junhua) | 落索 | |
| Changle (Qinjiang) | 糞草 | |
| Malaysia | 垃圾 | |
| Singapore | 垃圾 | |
| Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 惡瑣 | |
| Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | ңәсуй | |
| Mae Salong (Lancang) | 糞草, 垃圾 | |
| Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 糞草 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 垃圾 |
| Hong Kong | 垃圾 | |
| Macau | 垃圾 | |
| Taishan | 垃圾 | |
| Dongguan | 垃圾 | |
| Yangjiang | 垃圾 | |
| Hepu (Lianzhou) | 垃圾 | |
| Hepu (Shatian) | 垃圾 | |
| Baise | 垃圾 | |
| Beihai | 垃圾 | |
| Beihai (Nankang) | 垃圾 | |
| Beihai (Yingpan) | 垃圾 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 垃圾 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 垃圾 | |
| Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 垃圾 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 垃圾 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 垃圾 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 垃圾 | |
| Móng Cái | 垃圾 | |
| Bangkok (Guangfu) | 垃圾 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 罯屑 |
| Pengze | 邋遢 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 垃圾 |
| Xingning | 刷 | |
| Huidong (Daling) | 垃圾 | |
| Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 垃圾 | |
| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 垃圾 | |
| Wuping | 垃圾 | |
| Wuping (Pingyu) | 垃圾, 地腳 | |
| Liancheng | 垃圾 | |
| Ninghua | 垃圾 | |
| Ruijin | 垃圾 | |
| Shicheng | 垃圾 | |
| Shangyou (Shexi) | 齷齪子 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 垃圾, 地圾 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 垃圾, 地圾 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 垃圾 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 垃圾 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 垃圾 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 垃圾 | |
| Bobai (Shahe) | 垃圾 | |
| Bobai (Longtan) | 垃圾 | |
| Bobai (Lingping) | 垃圾 | |
| Kuching (Hepo) | 垃圾 | |
| Bangkok (Jiexi) | 垃圾 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 垃圾 |
| Qimen (Anling Minhua) | 垃圾 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 惡圾 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 垃圾 |
| Pucheng (Shibei) | 垃圾 | |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 糞掃 |
| Fuqing | 糞掃 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 糞掃, 霎洗 |
| Quanzhou | 糞掃, 霎洗, 垃圾 | |
| Zhangzhou | 糞掃, 垃圾 | |
| Dongshan | 糞掃 | |
| Taipei | 垃圾仔, 垃儳仔, 糞掃 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 糞掃 | |
| Kaohsiung | 垃圾仔, 糞掃 | |
| Yilan | 垃圾仔, 糞掃 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 垃圾仔, 糞掃 | |
| Taichung | 糞掃 | |
| Tainan | 垃圾仔, 糞掃 | |
| Hsinchu | 糞掃 | |
| Kinmen | 糞掃, 垃圾 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 糞掃 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 垃圾, 儳飽 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 垃圾, 糞掃 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 糞掃, 垃圾 | |
| Chaozhou | 杜糞, 垃圾 | |
| Shantou | 垃圾 | |
| Shantou (Chaoyang) | 垃圾 | |
| Bangkok (Teochew) | 垃圾 | |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 垃圾, 糞事 |
| Fuding (Aoyao) | 圾屑 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 垃圾 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 垃圾 |
| Suzhou | 垃圾 | |
| Danyang | 垃圾 | |
| Hangzhou | 垃圾 | |
| Ningbo | 垃圾, 臘塞 | |
| Wenzhou | 糞掃, 垃圾 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 屑子 |
| Xiangxiang | 屑子 | |
| Shuangfeng | 屑子 | |
Derived terms
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Adjective
垃圾
- (colloquial) very bad; rubbish
- 電影太垃圾了！／电影太垃圾了！ ― Diànyǐng tài lājī le! ― This movie is so shit!
Synonyms
edit
Synonyms of 垃圾
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Pronunciation 2
Adjective
垃圾
- (Min Nan, Hakka) dirty; unhygienic
- (Hakka) haunted
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 髒 (“dirty”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 污, 穢, 污穢 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 骯髒, 污穢 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 髒, 腌臢 |
| Taiwan | 髒, 骯髒 | |
| Langfang | 髒 | |
| Cangzhou | 邋遢 | |
| Baoding | 骯髒 | |
| Shijiazhuang | 髒 | |
| Daming | 陳 | |
| Harbin | 埋汰 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 髒, 邋乎, 埋汰 | |
| Jinan | 髒, 窩囊, 腌臢 | |
| Luoyang | 齷齪, 邋遢 | |
| Wanrong | 髒, 日髒, 骯髒 | |
| Xi'an | 髒, 骯髒 | |
| Yinchuan | 髒 | |
| Lanzhou | 髒 | |
| Xining | 骯髒, 髒 | |
| Ürümqi | 髒 | |
| Wuhan | 拉瓜, 賴 | |
| Chengdu | 髒, 齷齪, 邋遢 | |
| Guiyang | 髒 | |
| Kunming | 邋遢 | |
| Liuzhou | 邋遢, 污糟, 涴 | |
| Xuzhou | 骯髒, 腌臢 | |
| Yangzhou | 髒, 邋遢 | |
| Nanjing | 髒 | |
| Hefei | 髒, 膿糟, 拾弄 | |
| Singapore | 骯髒 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 污糟, 邋遢, 揦鮓 |
| Hong Kong | 污糟, 邋遢, 揦鮓 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 邋遢, 骯屎 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 骯屎 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 揦鮓 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 垠 | |
| Macau | 污糟 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 污糟, 邋遢 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 邋遢, 揦鮓 | |
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 污糟, 邋遢 | |
| Foshan | 污糟, 邋遢 | |
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 污糟 | |
| Foshan (Shunde) | 污糟 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 污糟 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 污糟 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 邋遢 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 邋遢 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 揦鮓 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen) | 揦鮓 | |
| Jiangmen (Baisha) | 揦鮓, 邋遢 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 揦鮓 | |
| Taishan | 邋遢, 揦鮓 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 邋遢, 揦鮓 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 邋遢 | |
| Heshan (Yayao) | 邋遢 | |
| Dongguan | 賴濕, 鹹濕 | |
| Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 垠 | |
| Yangjiang | 失引, 污糟, 揦鮓 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 污糟, 揦鮓 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 腌臢 |
| Lichuan | 邋遢 | |
| Pingxiang | 雷堆, 雷賴, 齷齪 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 漚紐, 穢 |
| Xingning | 累贅 | |
| Huidong (Daling) | 囉嗦 | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 囉嗦 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 囉嗦 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 烏數 | |
| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 烏奴 | |
| Liannan | 邋遢 | |
| Jiexi | 垃圾 | |
| Changting | 齷齪 | |
| Wuping | 屙糟 | |
| Wuping (Pingyu) | 屙糟 | |
| Liancheng | 屙糟 | |
| Ninghua | 齷齪 | |
| Yudu | 屙糟 | |
| Ruijin | 屙糟 | |
| Shangyou (Shexi) | 垃圾 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 屙糟, 垃圾 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 屙糟, 垃圾 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 屙糟, 垃圾 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 屙糟, 垃圾 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 屙糟, 垃圾 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 屙糟, 垃圾 | |
| Hong Kong | 漚紐, 累贅, 囉嗦 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 活柴, 污糟 |
| Shexian | 邋遢, 污糟 | |
| Tunxi | 遢邋 | |
| Xiuning | 遢邋 | |
| Yixian | 邋遢 | |
| Qimen | 邋遢 | |
| Wuyuan | 邋遢 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 日髒, 髒, 腌臢 |
| Xinzhou | 日髒 | |
| Zhangjiakou | 髒 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 污喏, 垃圾 |
| Jian'ou (Dikou) | 污喏 | |
| Jianyang | 污喏 | |
| Wuyishan | 垃圾 | |
| Pucheng (Shibei) | 垃圾 | |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 垃渣, 濫𡞟, 懶露, 五鹵, 齷齪 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 流瘍, 流死瘍, 垃圾, 腌臢, 驚儂, 垃儳, 穢涗, 塕埃 |
| Quanzhou | 腌臢, 兇, 驚儂, 穢涗, 塕埃 | |
| Zhangzhou | 腌臢, 垃圾, 淤漬, 驚儂, 垃圾鬼, 穢涗, 塕埃 | |
| Taipei | 垃圾, 垃儳, 癩𰣻爛癆, 驚儂 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 垃圾, 腌臢, 癩𰣻, 驚儂 | |
| Kaohsiung | 垃圾, 垃儳, 腌臢, 癩𰣻, 驚儂 | |
| Yilan | 垃圾, 垃儳, 腌臢, 癩𰣻爛癆, 驚儂 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 垃圾, 癩𰣻爛癆, 驚儂 | |
| Taichung | 垃圾 | |
| Taichung (Wuqi) | 垃圾 | |
| Tainan | 垃圾, 垃儳, 腌臢, 癩𰣻, 癩𰣻爛癆, 驚儂 | |
| Taitung | 垃圾 | |
| Hsinchu | 垃圾, 腌臢, 癩𰣻 | |
| Kinmen | 垃圾, 腌臢, 驚儂, 垃儳, 癩𰣻 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 垃圾, 腌臢, 驚儂, 垃儳, 癩𰣻 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 垃儳 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 流瘍, 垃儳, 垃圾, 厚穢 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 腌臢 | |
| Chaozhou | 垃圾, 鏖糟, 凄疑 | |
| Shantou | 垃圾, 鏖糟, 凄疑 | |
| Shantou (Chaoyang) | 垃圾 | |
| Jieyang | 垃圾, 鏖糟, 凄疑 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 凄疑 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 垃圾, 邋遢 | |
| Leizhou | 邋滯 | |
| Wenchang | 尻髒 | |
| Haikou | 尻髒 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 污盧 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 齷齪 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 齷齪, 鏖糟 dated |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 邋遢, 齷齪 | |
| Suzhou | 齷齪, 邋遢, 污糟 | |
| Wuxi | 污糟, 齷拉 | |
| Danyang | 髒 | |
| Hangzhou | 埲, 邋遢 | |
| Ningbo | 膩腥, 鏖糟, 淟汰, 邋遢 dated | |
| Wenzhou | 鏖糟, 髒 | |
| Jinhua | 遮捏, 鏖糟 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 邋遢, 邋糊 |
| Shuangfeng | 派老, 邋遢 | |
Derived terms
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Further reading
- “Entry #3792”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.