坎坷
Chinese
pit; threshold | |||
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simp. and trad. (坎坷) | 坎 | 坷 | |
alternative forms | 坎軻/坎轲 埳坷 埳軻/埳轲 轗軻/𫐘轲 堿坷 坎軻/坎轲 埳坷 埳軻/埳轲 轗軻/𫐘轲 堿坷 㙳坷 輡軻/輡轲 坎碣 (-khia̍t/khiat) Min Nan 嵁硈 (-khia̍t/khiat) Min Nan |
Etymology
Coined by Han dynasty's scholar Yang Xiong in his 《河東賦》 "Hedong Rhapsody", included in Book of Han:
- 濊南巢之坎坷兮,易豳岐之夷平。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Book of Han, circa 1st century CE
- Huì Náncháo zhī kǎnkě xī, yì Bīn Qí zhī yípíng. [Pinyin]
- Filthy are Nanchao's roughs; lively are Bin's and Qi's flats.
𰛦南巢之坎坷兮,易豳岐之夷平。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation
Adjective
坎坷
- (of a road) bumpy
- 踏平坎坷,成大道;鬥罷艱險,又出發,又出發。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 1986, 閻肅 Yan Su (lyricist) & 許鏡清 Xu Jingqing (composer),《敢問路在何方》 "Dare I ask where is the road?"
- Tà píng kǎnkě, chéng dàdào; dòubà jiānxiǎn, yòu chūfā, yòu chūfā. [Pinyin]
- Trampling the roughs flat, into the great road; fighting and overcoming hardships and dangers, then starting again. Starting again.
踏平坎坷,成大道;斗罢艰险,又出发,又出发。 [MSC, simp.]
- (figuratively, of life) hard; rough; ill-fated; unfortunate; unfavoured
Synonyms
- (bumpy): 不平 (bùpíng)
- (hard): (literary) 乖舛 (guāichuǎn)
Derived terms
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