地獄
See also: 地狱
Chinese
earth; ground; field earth; ground; field; place; land; (subor. part. adverbial); ‑ly | prison | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (地獄) | 地 | 獄 | |
simp. (地狱) | 地 | 狱 |
Pronunciation
Noun
地獄
- (religion) hell; underworld; inferno
- (figuratively) hell on earth
Antonyms
- 天堂 (tiāntáng)
Derived terms
|
|
Descendants
Sino-Xenic (地獄):
- → Japanese: 地獄 (jigoku)
- → Korean: 지옥(地獄) (jiok)
- → Vietnamese: địa ngục (地獄)
Further reading
- Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922),
“地獄” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
地 | 獄 |
じ Grade: 2 | ごく Grade: S |
on’yomi |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 地獄 (diɪᴴ ŋɨok̚), literally “(under)ground prison”). Compare modern Min Nan reading tē-gio̍k, or Hakka thi-ngiu̍k.
Pronunciation
- On’yomi: Goon
- (Tokyo) じごく [jìgókúꜜ] (Odaka – [o])[1][2][3]
- (Tokyo) じごく [jìgókú] (Heiban – [0])[2][3]
- IPA(key): [(d͡)ʑiɡo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]
Noun
地獄 • (jigoku) ←ぢごく (digoku)?
- hell
- 地獄に堕ちる
- jigoku ni ochiru
- to fall into hell; to go to hell
- 1999 March 1, “ヘルゲート・ディーグ [Hellgate Deeg]”, in BOOSTER 1, Konami:
- おなかに地獄へ通じる扉があり、召還もできる不気味なモンスター。
- Onaka ni jigoku e tsūjiru tobira ga ari, shōkan mo dekiru bukimi na monsutā.
- A weird monster that can summon allies through the gateway to hell on its belly.
- おなかに地獄へ通じる扉があり、召還もできる不気味なモンスター。
- 地獄に堕ちる
Synonyms
- 奈落 (naraku): (Buddhism): hell
Antonyms
- 天国 (tengoku): heaven
- 天上 (tenjō): heaven
- 浄土 (jōdo): the pure land
Derived terms
- 地獄道 (jigokudō): (Buddhism): Hell; one of the six planes of existence in the cycle of samsara.
- 地獄も住処 (jigoku mo sumika, “even hell can be home”)
References
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
地 | 獄 |
Noun
地獄 • (jiok) (hangeul 지옥)
- Hanja form? of 지옥 (“hell”).
Vietnamese
Hán tự in this term | |
---|---|
地 | 獄 |
Noun
地獄
- chữ Hán form of địa ngục (“hell”).