嚴肅

See also: 严肃

Chinese

		(air or water) tight; stern; serious (air or water) tight; stern; serious; strict; severe	Gansu; respectful
trad. (嚴肅)		嚴	肅
simp. (严肃)		严	肃

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yánsù
(Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˊ ㄙㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jim⁴ suk¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngiàm-siuk / ngiàm-siu̍k
Min Dong (BUC): ngièng-sé̤ṳk
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): giâm-sok / giâm-siok
(Teochew, Peng'im): ngiam⁵ sog⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): nyi soq (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yánsù
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ ㄙㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yánsù
  - Wade–Giles: yen²-su⁴
  - Yale: yán-sù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yansuh
  - Palladius: яньсу (janʹsu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn³⁵ su⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jim⁴ suk¹
  - Yale: yìhm sūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jim⁴ suk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: yim⁴ sug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːm²¹ sʊk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiàm-siuk / ngiàm-siu̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngiamˇ xiug` / ngiamˇ xiug
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngiam² xiug⁵ / ngiam² xiug⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /ɲi̯am¹¹ ɕi̯uk̚²/, /ɲi̯am¹¹ ɕi̯uk̚⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ngièng-sé̤ṳk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋieŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^(s-)nøyʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: giâm-sok
  - Tâi-lô: giâm-sok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: giamsog
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡiam²⁴⁻²² sɔk̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: giâm-siok
  - Tâi-lô: giâm-siok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: giamsiog
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡiam¹³⁻²² ɕiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡiam²³⁻³³ ɕiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɡiam²⁴⁻²² ɕiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɡiam²⁴⁻¹¹ ɕiɔk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ngiam⁵ sog⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngiâm sok
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋiam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sok̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: nyi soq (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲi²² sʊʔ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: /ŋɨɐm sɨuk̚/

Rime
Character	嚴	肅
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	嚴 (145)	東 (4)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	語𩏩切	息逐切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨɐm/	/sɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋiɐm/	/siuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiɐm/	/siuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɨam/	/suwk̚/
Li Rong	/ŋiɐm/	/siuk̚/
Wang Li	/ŋĭɐm/	/sĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ɐm/	/si̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yán	su
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jim⁴	suk¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋ(r)am siwk/
(Zhengzhang): /*ŋam sɯwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	嚴	肅
Reading #	1/1	1/5
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yán	sù
Middle Chinese	‹ ngjæm ›	‹ sjuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋ(r)am/	/*siwk/
English	stern, majestic	solemn, severe
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嚴	肅
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	3692	12125
Phonetic component	敢	肅
Rime group	談	覺
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	嚴	肅
Old Chinese	/*ŋam/	/*sɯwɢ/

Adjective

嚴肅

solemn; stately; serious
特區應嚴肅處理公務員違規事件。 [MSC, trad.]
特区应严肃处理公务员违规事件。 [MSC, simp.]
Tèqū yīng yánsù chǔlǐ gōngwùyuán wéiguī shìjiàn. [Pinyin]
Special administrative regions should seriously punish civil servants who violate regulations.
earnest; serious

Synonyms

(solemn):

edit

Synonyms of 嚴肅

尊重 (zūnzhòng)
矜持 (jīnchí)
厲害／厉害 (lìhài)
嚴／严 (yán)
嚴厲／严厉 (yánlì)
嚴峻／严峻 (yánjùn)
嚴正／严正 (yánzhèng)

嚴酷／严酷 (yánkù)
整肅／整肃 (zhěngsù)
正經／正经 (zhèngjīng)
淩厲／凌厉 (línglì) (literary)
莊重／庄重 (zhuāngzhòng)
鄭重／郑重 (zhèngzhòng)

(earnest):

edit

Synonyms of 嚴肅

不苟 (bùgǒu) (formal)
密切 (mìqiè)
小心 (xiǎoxīn)
慎密 (shènmì)
慎重 (shènzhòng)
板正 (bǎnzhèng)
精心 (jīngxīn)
鞠躬 (jūgōng) (literary)
仔細／仔细 (zǐxì)
嚴／严 (yán)
嚴謹／严谨 (yánjǐn)
審慎／审慎 (shěnshèn) (formal)

慘淡／惨淡 (cǎndàn)
正經／正经 (zhèngjīng)
當心／当心 (dāngxīn)
精細／精细 (jīngxì)
細心／细心 (xìxīn)
細膩 (Min)
認真／认真 (rènzhēn)
謹嚴／谨严 (jǐnyán)
謹慎／谨慎 (jǐnshèn)
較真／较真 (jiàozhēn) (colloquial)
過細／过细 (guòxì)

Verb

嚴肅

to make serious or severe
to strictly enforce

Derived terms

嚴肅音樂／严肃音乐

嚴處／严处 (yánchǔ)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
嚴	肅
げん Jinmeiyō	しゅく Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 嚴肅 – see the following entry.

【厳粛げんしゅく】

[adjective] grave, solemn, serious

[noun] solemnity, seriousness

(This term, 嚴肅, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
嚴	肅

Noun

嚴肅 • (eomsuk) (hangeul 엄숙)

Hanja form^? of 엄숙 (“solemnity; graveness; seriousness”).