嚮

嚮

See also: 向

嚮 U+56AE, 嚮 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56AE ← 嚭 [U+56AD] CJK Unified Ideographs 嚯 → [U+56AF]

Translingual

Han character

嚮 (radical 30, 口+16, 19 strokes, cangjie input 女中竹月口 (VLHBR), four-corner 2722₇, composition ⿱鄉向)

References

• KangXi: page 213, character 38
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4565
• Dae Jaweon: page 436, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 698, character 8
• Unihan data for U+56AE

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Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (鄉) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
曏	*qʰjaŋʔ, *qʰjaŋs, *qʰaŋʔ, *qʰaŋs
鄉	*qʰaŋ
薌	*qʰaŋ
膷	*qʰaŋ
響	*qʰaŋʔ
饗	*qʰaŋʔ
蠁	*qʰaŋʔ, *qʰaŋs
嚮	*qʰaŋʔ, *qʰaŋs
卿	*kʰraŋ

Etymology 1

trad.		嚮
simp.		向*

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiàng (xiang⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hoeng³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: xiàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤˋ
    • Wade–Giles: hsiang⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shianq
    • IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: hoeng³
    • Yale: heung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hoeng³
    • Guangdong Romanization: hêng³
    • IPA ^(key): /hœ̽ːŋ³³/

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• Middle Chinese: /hɨɐŋ^H/▼

Rime
Character	嚮
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許亮切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨɐŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/hiɐŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/xiɑŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hɨaŋH/
Li Rong	/xiaŋH/
Wang Li	/xĭaŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯aŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiàng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰaŋ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰaŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	嚮
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiàng
Middle Chinese	‹ xjangH ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰaŋ-s/
English	to face, approach
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嚮
Reading #	2/2
No.	13606
Phonetic component	鄉
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	向
Old Chinese	/*qʰaŋs/
Notes	鄉轉註分化字

Definitions

嚮

1. toward
2. facing; against
3. direction
4. approaching
5. to guide
6. in the past

Compounds

嚮導／向导 (xiàngdǎo) 嚮導犬／向导犬 嚮往／向往 (xiàngwǎng)

嚮慕／向慕 (xiàngmù) 嚮明／向明 嚮晦／向晦

女生外嚮／女生外向 心嚮往之／心向往之

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiǎng (xiang³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hoeng²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: xiǎng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤˇ
    • Wade–Giles: hsiang³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheang
    • IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: hoeng²
    • Yale: héung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hoeng²
    • Guangdong Romanization: hêng²
    • IPA ^(key): /hœ̽ːŋ³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /hɨɐŋ^X/▼

Rime
Character	嚮
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許兩切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨɐŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/hiɐŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/xiɑŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hɨaŋX/
Li Rong	/xiaŋX/
Wang Li	/xĭaŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯aŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiǎng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰaŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嚮
Reading #	1/2
No.	13602
Phonetic component	鄉
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	響
Old Chinese	/*qʰaŋʔ/

Definitions

嚮

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Japanese

Kanji

嚮

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. guide, lead
2. favor, prefer

Readings

• Go-on: こう (kō)^{←かう (kau, historical)}
• Kan-on: きょう (kyō)^{←きやう (kyau, historical)}
• Kun: むかう (mukau, 嚮かう)^{←むかふ (mukafu, historical)}; さきに (sakini)

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Korean

Hanja

嚮 • (hyang) (hangeul 향, revised hyang, McCune–Reischauer hyang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

嚮 (hướng, hưởng)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.