嚏

嚏

See also: 嚔

嚏 U+568F, 嚏 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-568F ← 嚎 [U+568E] CJK Unified Ideographs 嚐 → [U+5690]

Translingual

Han character

嚏 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 口十月人 (RJBO), four-corner 6408₁, composition ⿰口疐)

References

• KangXi: not present, would follow page 212, character 19
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4493
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 695, character 16
• Unihan data for U+568F

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		嚏
2nd round simp.		⿰氵⿹兯丿
alternative forms		⿰口⿳十冖疋 2nd round simp. (1981)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (疐) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
啑	*sraːb, *tiːɡs
疐	*tiːɡs, *tiɡs
嚏	*tiːɡs
懥	*tiɡs, *tjiɡs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːɡs) : semantic 口 + phonetic 疐 (OC *tiːɡs, *tiɡs).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tì (ti⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tai³, dai³
• Jin (Wiktionary): ti³
• Min Dong (BUC): té
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): tè

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ti³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tì
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tì
    • Wade–Giles: tʻi⁴
    • Yale: tì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tih
    • Palladius: ти (ti)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: tai³, dai³
    • Yale: tai, dai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tai³, dai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: tei³, dei³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɐi̯³³/, /tɐi̯³³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: ti³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰxi⁴⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: té
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɛi²¹³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tè
    • Tâi-lô: tè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dex
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /te⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /te²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ti³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thì
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi²¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: /tei^H/

Rime
Character	嚏
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	都計切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/teiH/
Pan Wuyun	/teiH/
Shao Rongfen	/tɛiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tɛjH/
Li Rong	/teiH/
Wang Li	/tieiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/tieiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dai3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[t]ˤi[t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tiːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	嚏
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tì
Middle Chinese	‹ tejH ›
Old Chinese	/*[t]ˁi[t]-s/ (< *t.lˁ-?)
English	sneeze
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嚏
Reading #	1/1
No.	17391
Phonetic component	疐
Rime group	至
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	帝
Old Chinese	/*tiːɡs/

Definitions

嚏

1. to sneeze

Compounds

阿嚏 (ātì) 鼽嚏 (qiútì)

噴嚏／喷嚏 (pēntì) 嚏噴／嚏喷 (tìpen)

打噴嚏／打喷嚏 (dǎ pēntì) 打嚏噴／打嚏喷 (dǎ tìpen)

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Japanese

Kanji

嚏

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. sneeze

Readings

• Go-on: たい (tai)
• Kan-on: てい (tei)
• Kun: くさめ (kusame, 嚏); くしゃみ (kushami, 嚏); はなひる (hanahiru, 嚏ひる); ひる (hiru, 嚏る)

Compounds

• 嚏(はなひり)の木(き) (hanahiri no ki)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
嚏
くさめ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Kanji in this term
嚏
くしゃみ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Noun

嚏(くしゃみ) or 嚏(くさめ) or 嚏(くっさめ) • (kushami or kusame or kussame) 

1. Alternative spelling of 嚔 (kushami, kusame, kussame): a sneeze; a response to someone sneezing

Usage notes

This term is often spelled in hiragana.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
嚏
ふ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Verb

嚏(ふ) • (fu) intransitive ^†nidan

1. (obsolete) Alternative spelling of 嚔 (fu): to sneeze

Derived terms

• 嚏(ひ)る (hiru)

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Korean

Hanja

嚏 • (che) (hangeul 체, revised che, McCune–Reischauer ch'e)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

嚏: Hán Nôm readings: xì

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation