嘲笑う
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 嘲 | 笑 |
| あざ Grade: S | わら Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi | |
Etymology
Compound of 嘲 (aza, “something off-color or not quite right”, compounding element found in terms such as 嘲る (azakeru, “to ridicule, to jeer at”) and 欺く (azamuku, “to deceive”), cognate with 痣 (aza, “bruise”)) + 笑う (warau, “laugh”).[1]
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) あざわらう [àzáwáráꜜù] (Nakadaka – [4])[2]
- IPA(key): [a̠za̠ɰᵝa̠ɾa̠ɯ̟ᵝ]
Alternative forms
- 嘲う (azawarau) (rare)
Verb
嘲笑う (godan conjugation, hiragana あざわらう, rōmaji azawarau, historical hiragana あざわらふ)
- to laugh at, to sneer at, to deride, to mock, to scorn, to ridicule
Conjugation
Conjugation of "嘲笑う" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 嘲笑わ | あざわらわ | azawarawa |
| Continuative (連用形) | 嘲笑い | あざわらい | azawarai |
| Terminal (終止形) | 嘲笑う | あざわらう | azawarau |
| Attributive (連体形) | 嘲笑う | あざわらう | azawarau |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 嘲笑え | あざわらえ | azawarae |
| Imperative (命令形) | 嘲笑え | あざわらえ | azawarae |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 嘲笑われる | あざわらわれる | azawarawareru |
| Causative | 嘲笑わせる 嘲笑わす | あざわらわせる あざわらわす | azawarawaseru azawarawasu |
| Potential | 嘲笑える | あざわらえる | azawaraeru |
| Volitional | 嘲笑おう | あざわらおう | azawaraō |
| Negative | 嘲笑わない | あざわらわない | azawarawanai |
| Negative continuative | 嘲笑わず | あざわらわず | azawarawazu |
| Formal | 嘲笑います | あざわらいます | azawaraimasu |
| Perfective | 嘲笑った | あざわらった | azawaratta |
| Conjunctive | 嘲笑って | あざわらって | azawaratte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 嘲笑えば | あざわらえば | azawaraeba |
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN