唯
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Translingual
Han character
唯 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 口人土 (ROG), four-corner 60014, composition ⿰口隹)
Derived characters
- 𣼲, 𪄼, 嶉, 蓶, 𬟢, 𧐌, 鷕, 雖
References
- KangXi: page 193, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3761
- Dae Jaweon: page 413, character 17
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 642, character 5
- Unihan data for U+552F
Chinese
simp. and trad. | 唯 |
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Glyph origin
Old Chinese | |
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匯 | *ɢʷrɯːlʔ, *kʰʷriːl |
擓 | *kʰʷriːl |
淮 | *ɡʷriːl |
睢 | *qʰʷel, *sqʰʷil, *qʰʷi, *qʰʷils |
嶉 | *sqʷi |
趡 | *skʰʷilʔ |
踓 | *skʰʷilʔ, *ɢʷilʔ |
雖 | *sqʰʷi |
濉 | *sqʰʷi |
倠 | *qʰʷi |
婎 | *qʰʷil, *qʰʷils |
蓶 | *ɢʷi, *ɢʷiʔ |
維 | *ɢʷi |
惟 | *ɢʷi |
唯 | *ɢʷi, *ɢʷiʔ |
濰 | *ɢʷi |
琟 | *ɢʷil |
鷕 | *ɢʷiʔ, *ɢʷiʔ |
帷 | *ɢʷril |
鵻 | *sɢʷinʔ, *tjul |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷi, *ɢʷiʔ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 隹.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *way (“be, copula, nominalizer, subordinator”); cognate with Proto-Lolo-Burmese *wəy (“to be”) > Proto-Loloish *ʔ-way²/³ (> Luquan ve³³ ~ ve⁵⁵ ("subordinator, final particle"), Lahu ve (“nominalizer; relativizer; genitivizer”), Akha ø ~ ø̀ (“subordinator; citation-form marker; terminator of utterances in declarative mood”)), Mizo ve (“also, too, as well”), Jingpho we (“present tense particle”), and possibly Tibetan [script needed] (yin, “to be”) < *wi-n (with earlier w- disappearing before -i).(STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).
Related to 惠 (OC *ɢʷiːds) (Schuessler, 2007)
Pronunciation 1
Definitions
唯
- only; alone
- because
- although
- to be
- Particle for expressing one's wish.
- 夫晉,何厭之有?既東封鄭,又欲肆其西封。不闕秦,焉取之?闕秦以利晉,唯君圖之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
- Fú Jìn, hé yàn zhī yǒu? Jì dōng fēng Zhèng, yòu yù sì qí xī fēng. Bù què Qín, yān qǔ zhī? Què qín yǐ lì jìn, wéi jūn tú zhī. [Pinyin]
- How will Jin ever be satisfied? After it has extended its eastern boundaries and annexed Zheng, it will want to freely expand its western boundaries. If it does not carve away Qin, where will it get land? Carving away at Qin to benefit Jin: this is something your lordship should consider carefully.
夫晋,何厌之有?既东封郑,又欲肆其西封。不阙秦,焉取之?阙秦以利晋,唯君图之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (alt. form 維/维, 惟) Meaningless sentence-initial particle.
- 子曰:「與其進也,不與其退也,唯何甚?人潔己以進,與其潔也,不保其往也。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE
- Zǐyuē: “Yǔ qí jìn yě, bù yǔ qí tuì yě, wéi hé shèn? Rén jiéjǐ yǐ jìn, yǔ qí jié yě, bù bǎo qí wǎng yě.” [Pinyin]
- The Master said, "I admit people's approach to me without committing myself as to what they may do when they have retired; why must one be so severe? If a man purify himself to wait upon me, I receive him so purified, without guaranteeing his past conduct."
子曰:“与其进也,不与其退也,唯何甚?人洁己以进,与其洁也,不保其往也。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Compounds
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Descendants
- → Vietnamese: duy (唯)
Pronunciation 2
Definitions
唯
- (obsolete) A polite particle used to respond to elders: yes
- 子曰:「參乎!吾道一以貫之。」曾子曰:「唯。」子出。門人問曰:「何謂也?」曾子曰:「夫子之道,忠恕而已矣。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE
- Zǐyuē: “Shēn hū! Wú dào yī yǐ guàn zhī.” Zēngzǐ yuē: “Wěi.” Zǐ chū. Ménrén wèn yuē: “Héwèi yě?” Zēngzǐ yuē: “Fūzǐ zhī dào, zhōngshù ér yǐ yǐ.” [Pinyin]
- The Master said, "Shen, my doctrine is that of an all-pervading unity." The disciple Zeng replied, "Yes." The Master went out, and the other disciples asked, saying, "What do his words mean?" Zeng said, "The doctrine of our master is to be true to the principles of our nature and the benevolent exercise of them to others, this and nothing more."
子曰:“参乎!吾道一以贯之。”曾子曰:“唯。”子出。门人问曰:“何谓也?”曾子曰:“夫子之道,忠恕而已矣。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Compounds
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Descendants
- → Japanese: 唯 (i)
References
- “唯”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
(common “Jōyō” kanji)
Readings
- Go-on: ゆい (yui, Jōyō)←ゆい (yui, historical)←ゆゐ (yuwi, ancient)
- Kan-on: い (i, Jōyō †)←ゐ (wi, historical)
- Kun: ただ (tada, 唯)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
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唯 |
ゆい Grade: S |
goon |
/juwi/ → /jui/
From Middle Chinese 唯 (MC jiuɪ).
Affix
唯 • (yui)
- only, solely
Usage notes
- Most dictionaries proscribe historical -uwi readings すゐ (suwi), ずゐ (zuwi), つゐ (tuwi), ゆゐ (yuwi), and るゐ (ruwi).
Derived terms
- 唯一 (yuiichi)
- 唯一 (yuiitsu)
- 唯我論 (yuigaron)
- 唯我独尊 (yuigadokuson)
- 唯識 (yuishiki)
- 唯心 (yuishin)
- 唯美 (yuibi)
- 唯物 (yuibutsu)
Proper noun
唯 • (Yui)
- a female given name
- a surname
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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唯 |
い Grade: S |
kan’on |
/wi/ → /i/
From Middle Chinese 唯 (MC jiuɪX).
Interjection
唯 • (i) ←ゐ (wi)?
- polite particle used to respond to elders: yes
- Synonym: はい (hai)
Derived terms
- 唯唯, 唯々 (ii)
- 唯唯諾諾, 唯々諾々 (iidakudaku)
Affix
唯 • (i) ←ゐ (wi)?
- polite particle used to respond to elders: yes
Derived terms
- 諾唯 (dakui)
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
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唯 |
ただ Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 唯 – see the following entry. | ||
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(This term, 唯, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term |
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唯 |
たった Grade: S |
irregular |
For pronunciation and definitions of 唯 – see the following entry. | ||
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(This term, 唯, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 5
Kanji in this term |
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唯 |
たんだ Grade: S |
irregular |
For pronunciation and definitions of 唯 – see たんだ. (This term, 唯, is an alternative spelling of the above terms.) |
(The following entry is uncreated: たんだ.)
Etymology 6
Kanji in this term |
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唯 |
ない Grade: S |
irregular |
For pronunciation and definitions of 唯 – see ない. (This term, 唯, is an alternative spelling of the above terms.) |
(The following entry is uncreated: ない.)
Korean
Hanja
唯 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
唯: Hán Nôm readings: dõi, dói, dúi, duỗi, duy, giói, giọi, giòe/gioè, dạ, dọi, duối
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
- Nom Foundation