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单词
释义

U+54EA, 哪
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-54EA

[U+54E9]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+54EB]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(Kangxi radical 30, +7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 口尸手中 (RSQL), four-corner 67027, composition口那)

References

  • KangXi: page 190, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3651
  • Dae Jaweon: page 410, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 623, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+54EA

Chinese

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Written as before the 20th century.

It is generally considered to be the fusion of 奈何 (OC *naːls ɡaːl, “how”) (Wang, 1990; Sun, 1992; Shimura, 1995), usually citing Gu Yanwu's (顧炎武) commentary on Zuozhuan. Lü (1985) distinguishes between “which” (choosing among several choices), which he derives from (OC *njaɡ), and “how” (asking for something), which he considers to be a fusion of 若何 (OC *njaɡ ɡaːl, “how”).

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): nǎ, něi, nǎi (na3, nei3, nai3)
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄚˇ, ㄋㄟˇ, ㄋㄞˇ
  • Cantonese
    (Guangzhou, Jyutping): naa5
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): nai4, nai4*
  • Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): nai / nái
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ngai3
  • Min Dong (BUC):
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): ná / nó͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): na2
  • Wu (Wiktionary): 'na (T2)

  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin:
      • Zhuyin: ㄋㄚˇ
      • Tongyong Pinyin:
      • Wade–Giles: na3
      • Yale:
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: naa
      • Palladius: на (na)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /nä²¹⁴/
    • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (哪兒哪儿)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: nǎr
      • Zhuyin: ㄋㄚˇㄦ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: nǎr
      • Wade–Giles: narh3
      • Yale: nǎr
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: naal
      • Palladius: нар (nar)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /nɑɻ²¹⁴/
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: něi
      • Zhuyin: ㄋㄟˇ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: něi
      • Wade–Giles: nei3
      • Yale: něi
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: neei
      • Palladius: нэй (nɛj)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /neɪ̯²¹⁴/
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: nǎi
      • Zhuyin: ㄋㄞˇ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: nǎi
      • Wade–Giles: nai3
      • Yale: nǎi
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nae
      • Palladius: най (naj)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /naɪ̯²¹⁴/
Note:
  • nǎr - “where; wherever; everywhere”;
  • něi, nǎi - contraction of 哪一 (determiner).
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: naa5
      • Yale: náh
      • Cantonese Pinyin: naa5
      • Guangdong Romanization: na5
      • Sinological IPA (key): /naː¹³/
    • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
      • Wiktionary: nai4, nai4*
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ⁿdai²¹/, /ⁿdai²¹⁻²¹⁵/
Note:
  • nai4 - determiner;
  • nai4* - “where; wherever; everywhere”.
  • Hakka
    • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nai
      • Hakka Romanization System: nai
      • Hagfa Pinyim: nai4
      • Sinological IPA: /nai̯⁵⁵/
    • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nai / nái
      • Hakka Romanization System: nai / nai`
      • Hagfa Pinyim: nai4 / nai3
      • Sinological IPA: /nai̯⁵⁵/, /nai̯³¹/
    • (Meixian)
      • Guangdong: ngai3
      • Sinological IPA: /ŋaɪ³¹/
Note:
  • nai - determiner;
  • nái - “where”.
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê:
      • Sinological IPA (key): /nˡa³³/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī:
      • Tâi-lô:
      • Phofsit Daibuun: nar
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /nã⁵⁵⁴/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /nã⁵³/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /nã⁴¹/
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nó͘
      • Tâi-lô: nóo
      • Phofsit Daibuun: nor
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /nɔ̃⁵³/
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /nɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/
Note:
  • ná - vernacular;
  • nó͘ - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: na2
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:
      • Sinological IPA (key): /na⁵²/
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: 'na (T2)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ʔna̱³⁴/

Definitions

  1. which; what
    你更喜歡個,這個還是那個? [MSC, trad.]
    你更喜欢个,这个还是那个? [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ gèng xǐhuan ge, zhè ge háishì nà ge? [Pinyin]
    Which do you prefer: this one or that one?
    你是從個國家來的? [MSC, trad.]
    你是从个国家来的? [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ shì cóng ge guójiā lái de? [Pinyin]
    Which country are you from?
  2. any
    除星期三以外,我一天都可以來。 [MSC, trad.]
    除星期三以外,我一天都可以来。 [MSC, simp.]
    Chú xīngqīsān yǐwài, wǒ yī tiān dōu kěyǐ lái. [Pinyin]
    I can come any day except Wednesday.
  3. Indefinite determiner.
    他害怕天天會塌下來。 [MSC, trad.]
    他害怕天天会塌下来。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā hàipà tiān tiān huì tā xiàlái. [Pinyin]
    He is afraid that one day the sky will fall down.
  4. where
    你去   Nǐ qù ?   Where are you going?
  5. wherever; anywhere; everywhere
    都行。   dōu xíng.   I'm fine with going anywhere.
    • 都不想去,只想日夜在祢殿中,獻上敬拜,全心全意來愛祢。 [MSC, trad.]
      都不想去,只想日夜在祢殿中,献上敬拜,全心全意来爱祢。 [MSC, simp.]
      From: 2015, lyrics by 鄭懋柔 [Tiffany M. Cheng], 能不能 [Let Me Stay]
      dōu bùxiǎng qù, zhǐ xiǎng rìyè zài Nǐ diàn zhōng, xiànshàng jìngbài, quánxīnquányì lái ài Nǐ. [Pinyin]
      (official translation) There is no other place I would rather be than here, Lord. With all my heart, with all I am, I worship.
      (literal translation) I don't want to go anywhere, but I just want to be in Your house day and night, offering worship, loving You wholeheartedly.
  6. (rhetorical question) how (used in rhetorical questions)
    像個學生。像个学生。   xiàng ge xuéshēng.   He is nothing like a student!
    知道。   zhīdào.   How should I know?
Synonyms

Compounds

  • 哪些 (nǎxiē)
  • 哪天
  • 哪怕 (nǎpà)
  • 哪搭 (nǎdā)
  • 哪能 (nǎnéng)
  • 哪個哪个 (nǎge)
  • 哪兒哪儿 (nǎr)
  • 哪兒的話哪儿的话
  • 哪塊哪块
  • 哪家裡哪家里
  • 哪會哪会 (nai voi)
  • 哪會兒哪会儿
  • 哪樣哪样 (nǎyàng)
  • 哪裡哪里 (nǎlǐ)
  • 哪邊哪边
  • 哪門子哪门子 (nǎménzi)

See also

  • ()

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): na, nei (na5, nei5)
    (Zhuyin): ˙ㄋㄚ, ˙ㄋㄟ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): naa3, naa1
  • Min Nan (Teochew, Peng'im): na7

  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: na
      • Zhuyin: ˙ㄋㄚ
      • Tongyong Pinyin:
      • Wade–Giles: na5
      • Yale: na
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .na
      • Palladius: на (na)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /nä/
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: nei
      • Zhuyin: ˙ㄋㄟ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: ne̊i
      • Wade–Giles: nei5
      • Yale: nei
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .nei
      • Palladius: нэй (nɛj)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /neɪ̯/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: naa3, naa1
      • Yale: na, nā
      • Cantonese Pinyin: naa3, naa1
      • Guangdong Romanization: na3, na1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /naː³³/, /naː⁵⁵/
  • Min Nan
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: na7
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like:
      • Sinological IPA (key): /na¹¹/

Definitions

  1. Sentence-final particle, equivalent to (a).
    現在形勢還是很嚴峻 [MSC, trad.]
    现在形势还是很严峻 [MSC, simp.]
    Xiànzài xíngshì háishì hěn yánjùn na. [Pinyin]
    The current situation is still very grim.
    • 他見耶穌行走,就說:「看,這是神的羔羊!」 [MSC, trad.]
      他见耶稣行走,就说:“看,这是神的羔羊!” [MSC, simp.]
      From: 新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 約翰福音 (John) 1:36
      Tā jiàn Yēsū xíngzǒu, jiù shuō: “Kàn na, zhè shì Shén de gāoyáng!” [Pinyin]
      And looking upon Jesus as he walked, he saith, Behold the Lamb of God!
Usage notes

Only used after words ending in -n.

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): né, nuó
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄜˊ, ㄋㄨㄛˊ
  • Cantonese
    (Guangzhou, Jyutping): naa4, no4
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): na3
  • Hakka (Sixian, PFS):
  • Min Dong (BUC): nò̤
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ):
    (Teochew, Peng'im): na5 / la5
  • Wu (Wiktionary): no (T3)

  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin:
      • Zhuyin: ㄋㄜˊ
      • Tongyong Pinyin:
      • Wade–Giles: 2
      • Yale:
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ne
      • Palladius: нэ (nɛ)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /nɤ³⁵/
    • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: nuó
      • Zhuyin: ㄋㄨㄛˊ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: nuó
      • Wade–Giles: no2
      • Yale: nwó
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nuo
      • Palladius: но (no)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /nwɔ³⁵/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: naa4, no4
      • Yale: nàh, nòh
      • Cantonese Pinyin: naa4, no4
      • Guangdong Romanization: na4, no4
      • Sinological IPA (key): /naː²¹/, /nɔː²¹/
    • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
      • Wiktionary: na3
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ⁿda²²/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ:
      • Hakka Romanization System: naˇ
      • Hagfa Pinyim: na2
      • Sinological IPA: /na¹¹/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: nò̤
      • Sinological IPA (key): /nˡo⁵³/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī:
      • Tâi-lô:
      • Phofsit Daibuun: looi
      • IPA (Xiamen): /lo²⁴/
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /lo²⁴/
      • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lo¹³/
      • IPA (Taipei): /lo²⁴/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ²³/
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: na5 / la5
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nâ / lâ
      • Sinological IPA (key): /na⁵⁵/, /la⁵⁵/
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: no (T3)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /no²³/

Definitions

  1. Only used in 哪吒 (Nézhā).

Etymology 4

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): nà (na4)
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄚˋ

  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin:
      • Zhuyin: ㄋㄚˋ
      • Tongyong Pinyin:
      • Wade–Giles: na4
      • Yale:
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nah
      • Palladius: на (na)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /nä⁵¹/

Definitions

  1. Used to indicate something that should be noticed.

Etymology 5

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): niè (nie4)
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄝˋ

  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: niè
      • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄝˋ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: niè
      • Wade–Giles: nieh4
      • Yale: nyè
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nieh
      • Palladius: не (ne)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /njɛ⁵¹/

Definitions

  1. Used in personal names.

Etymology 6

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): nuó (nuo2)
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄨㄛˊ

  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: nuó
      • Zhuyin: ㄋㄨㄛˊ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: nuó
      • Wade–Giles: no2
      • Yale: nwó
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nuo
      • Palladius: но (no)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /nwɔ³⁵/

Definitions

  1. Only used in 哪哪.

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

  • Go-on: (na)
  • Kan-on: (da)
  • Kun: どっち (dotchi, 哪っち); どれ (dore, 哪れ); どちら (dochira, 哪ちら); どの (dono, 哪の)

Korean

Hanja

(na) (hangeul , McCuneReischauer na)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: , , na, nạ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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