員

See also: 员 and 貝

員	U+54E1, 員 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-54E1

← 哠
[U+54E0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

哢 →
[U+54E2]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

員 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 口月山金 (RBUC), four-corner 6080₆, composition ⿱口貝)

Derived characters

傊塤㜏𡻖𠅳愪損溳隕𣗼殞熉䐣䁚磒𧜘縜䠝𧷝𡃋韻
勛𠺯鄖䚋𧷺䫟鶰蒷𧶏䆬篔霣圓

References

KangXi: page 189, character 31

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3633

Dae Jaweon: page 409, character 19

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 628, character 6

Unihan data for U+54E1

Chinese

trad.		員
simp.		员
alternative forms		貟／贠𪔅

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 員
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (員) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
員	ɢon, ɢun
圓	*ɢon
塤	*qʰon
損	*sqʰuːnʔ
縜	*ɢun
隕	*ɢunʔ
殞	*ɢunʔ
溳	ɢunʔ, ɢun
磒	*ɢunʔ
霣	*ɢunʔ
愪	ɢunʔ, ɢun
勛	*qʰun
鄖	*ɢun
篔	*ɢun
貟	ɢun, ɢuns
韻	*ɢʷɯns

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : a 〇 indicating the top edge of a 鼎 (“ding”) - round.

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yuán (yuan²)
(Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˊ
(Chengdu, SP): yuan²
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): йүан (yüan, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): jyun⁴
(Taishan, Wiktionary): yon³
Gan (Wiktionary): yon⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yèn / yàn
(Meixian, Guangdong): yan²
Jin (Wiktionary): ye¹
Min Bei (KCR): ṳ̌ing
Min Dong (BUC): uàng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): îⁿ / oân / goân
(Teochew, Peng'im): uêng⁵ / uang⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): hhyoe (T3)
Xiang (Wiktionary): yenn²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yuán
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yuán
  - Wade–Giles: yüan²
  - Yale: ywán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuan
  - Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɥɛn³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: yuan²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: uan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yan²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: йүан (yüan, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yæ̃²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jyun⁴
  - Yale: yùhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yun⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: yon³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jᵘɔn²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: yon⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yɵn³⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yèn
  - Hakka Romanization System: ienˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yan²
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yàn
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)ianˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yan²
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯an¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yan²
  - Sinological IPA: /ian¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ye¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ye¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̌ing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yiŋ²¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: uàng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: îⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: înn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: vii
  - IPA (Taipei): /ĩ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ĩ²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oân
  - Tâi-lô: uân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oaan
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /uan¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /uan²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /uan²³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: goân
  - Tâi-lô: guân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: goaan
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡuan²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɡuan²⁴/

Note:

îⁿ - vernacular;
oân, goân - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: uêng⁵ / uang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uêng / uâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ueŋ⁵⁵/, /uaŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

uêng5 - Chaozhou;
uang5 - Shantou.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: hhyoe (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦyø²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: yenn²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yẽ¹³/

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷ<r>en/
(Zhengzhang): /*ɢon/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	員
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yuán
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwen ›
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷ<r>en/
English	circle; round
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	員
Reading #	1/2
No.	16199
Phonetic component	員
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	貟
Old Chinese	/*ɢon/
Notes	甲金文象鼎口爲圓初文

Definitions

員

member
personnel; staff member
^† Original form of 圓／圆 (yuán, “circle; round”).

Compounds

Derived terms from 員

主任委員／主任委员
乘務員／乘务员 (chéngwùyuán)
乘員／乘员 (chéngyuán)
作業員／作业员 (zuòyèyuán)
供銷員／供销员
保育員／保育员 (bǎoyùyuán)
傳譯員／传译员 (chuányìyuán)
傷員／伤员 (shāngyuán)
充員戰士／充员战士
全員／全员 (quányuán)
兩棲演員／两栖演员
公務人員／公务人员 (gōngwù rényuán)
公務員／公务员 (gōngwùyuán)
公教人員／公教人员
公職人員／公职人员
兵員／兵员 (bīngyuán)
出納員／出纳员 (chūnàyuán)
列車員／列车员
助選員／助选员
動作演員／动作演员
動員／动员 (dòngyuán)
動員令／动员令 (dòngyuánlìng)
動員召集／动员召集
動員戡亂／动员戡乱
動員演習／动员演习
動員計畫／动员计画
勤務員／勤务员 (qínwùyuán)
勤雜人員／勤杂人员
吏員／吏员
品管員／品管员
員丘山／员丘山
員司／员司
員外／员外 (yuánwài)
員外郎／员外郎
員山／员山 (Yuánshān)
員工／员工 (yuángōng)
員弁／员弁
員林／员林 (Yuánlín)
員警／员警 (yuánjǐng)
員貝／员贝 (Yuánbèi)
員領／员领
員額／员额
售票員／售票员 (shòupiàoyuán)
售貨員／售货员 (shòuhuòyuán)
團員／团员 (tuányuán)
報幕員／报幕员 (bàomùyuán)
增廣生員／增广生员
外務員／外务员
外籍球員／外籍球员
大員／大员 (dàyuán)
妥員／妥员
委員／委员 (wěiyuán)
委員制／委员制
委員會／委员会 (wěiyuánhuì)
學員／学员 (xuéyuán)
守門員／守门员 (shǒuményuán)
官員／官员 (guānyuán)
官員祇候／官员祇候
專員／专员 (zhuānyuán)
專業人員／专业人员 (zhuānyè rényuán)
屬員／属员
巡邊員／巡边员
工場動員／工场动员
工業動員／工业动员

常務委員／常务委员 (chángwù wěiyuán)
幅員／幅员 (fúyuán)
幕員／幕员
幹員／干员 (gànyuán)
店員／店员 (diànyuán)
廢員／废员
廩膳生員／廪膳生员
弟子員／弟子员
從業人員／从业人员 (cóngyè rényuán)
從業員／从业员 (cóngyèyuán)
復員／复员 (fùyuán)
情報員／情报员
成員／成员 (chéngyuán)
戰鬥人員／战斗人员
戲劇演員／戏剧演员
打字員／打字员 (dǎzìyuán)
承審員／承审员
技術人員／技术人员 (jìshù rényuán)
技術員／技术员 (jìshùyuán)
投遞員／投递员 (tóudìyuán)
指導員／指导员 (zhǐdǎoyuán)
採購員／采购员 (cǎigòuyuán)
探員／探员
接待員／接待员 (jiēdàiyuán)
推銷員／推销员 (tuīxiāoyuán)
播報員／播报员 (bōbàoyuán)
播音員／播音员 (bōyīnyuán)
操作員／操作员 (cāozuòyuán)
政務委員／政务委员
救火員／救火员
救生員／救生员 (jiùshēngyuán)
教員／教员 (jiàoyuán)
教職員／教职员 (jiàozhíyuán)
方面官員／方面官员
景員／景员
替身演員／替身演员
會員／会员 (huìyuán)
會員國／会员国
服務員／服务员 (fúwùyuán)
查帳員／查帐员
查票員／查票员 (chápiàoyuán)
校對員／校对员 (jiàoduìyuán)
業務員／业务员
武員／武员
派員／派员 (pàiyuán)
派用人員／派用人员
海員／海员 (hǎiyuán)
海員節／海员节
消防員／消防员 (xiāofángyuán)
演員／演员 (yǎnyuán)
演藝人員／演艺人员
潛水員／潜水员 (qiánshuǐyuán)
營業員／营业员 (yíngyèyuán)
特型演員／特型演员
特派員／特派员 (tèpàiyuán)
特約演員／特约演员
球員／球员 (qiúyuán)
生員／生员 (shēngyuán)
病員／病员 (bìngyuán)
監察委員／监察委员
研究員／研究员 (yánjiūyuán)
社員／社员 (shèyuán)
神職人員／神职人员 (shénzhí rényuán)

科員／科员
科員政治／科员政治
稅務人員／税务人员
種子球員／种子球员
稽查員／稽查员 (jīcháyuán)
空服員／空服员 (kōngfúyuán)
立法委員／立法委员 (lìfǎ wěiyuán)
管理員／管理员 (guǎnlǐyuán)
組員／组员 (zǔyuán)
縣議員／县议员
總動員／总动员 (zǒngdòngyuán)
翻譯員／翻译员 (fānyìyuán)
考試委員／考试委员
聘用人員／聘用人员
聯絡員／联络员
職員／职员 (zhíyuán)
職員錄／职员录
股員／股员
能員／能员
船員／船员 (chuányuán)
行員／行员
裁判員／裁判员 (cáipànyuán)
裁員／裁员 (cáiyuán)
補員／补员
要員／要员 (yàoyuán)
觀察員／观察员
記分員／记分员
訪員／访员
評判員／评判员
評議員／评议员
試飛員／试飞员
話務員／话务员
課員／课员
調查員／调查员 (diàocháyuán)
諜報人員／谍报人员
警員／警员 (jǐngyuán)
譯員／译员 (yìyuán)
議員／议员 (yìyuán)
輔導員／辅导员 (fǔdǎoyuán)
辦事員／办事员 (bànshìyuán)
通信員／通信员 (tōngxìnyuán)
通訊員／通讯员 (tōngxùnyuán)
通譯員／通译员 (tōngyìyuán)
運動員／运动员 (yùndòngyuán)
部員／部员 (bùyuán)
郵務員／邮务员
郵遞員／邮递员 (yóudìyuán)
醫務人員／医务人员
醫護人員／医护人员
閣員／阁员 (géyuán)
附學生員／附学生员
陪觀員／陪观员
隊員／队员 (duìyuán)
隨員／随员 (suíyuán)
雇員／雇员
領位員／领位员
領航員／领航员 (lǐnghángyuán)
飛行員／飞行员 (fēixíngyuán)
館員／馆员 (guǎnyuán)
駝員／驼员
高級官員／高级官员
黨員／党员 (dǎngyuán)
黨員大會／党员大会

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yún (yun²)
(Zhuyin): ㄩㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wan⁴
Min Nan (Teochew, Peng'im): ung⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): hhyn (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yún
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yún
  - Wade–Giles: yün²
  - Yale: yún
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yun
  - Palladius: юнь (junʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wan⁴
  - Yale: wàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐn²¹/
Min Nan
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ung⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ûng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: hhyn (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦʏɲ²³/

Middle Chinese: /ɦɨun/

Rime
Character	員
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	王分切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨun/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiun/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦun/
Li Rong	/ɣiuən/
Wang Li	/ɣĭuən/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯uən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yún
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wan⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷə[n]/
(Zhengzhang): /*ɢun/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	員
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yún
Middle Chinese	‹ hjun ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷə[n]/
English	(a particle)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	員
Reading #	2/2
No.	16215
Phonetic component	員
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	雲
Old Chinese	/*ɢun/
Notes	貟字注説文作員

Definitions

員

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

Derived terms from 員

伍員乘潮／伍员乘潮

伍員抉目／伍员抉目

伍員鞭屍／伍员鞭尸

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yùn (yun⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄩㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wan⁶
Min Nan (Teochew, Peng'im): ung⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yùn
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yùn
  - Wade–Giles: yün⁴
  - Yale: yùn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yunn
  - Palladius: юнь (junʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wan⁶
  - Yale: wahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: wen⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐn²²/
Min Nan
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ung⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ŭng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uŋ³⁵/

Definitions

員

a surname

References

“員”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

員

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: うん (un); えん (en)^{←ゑん (wen, historical)}
Kan-on: いん (in, Jōyō)^{←ゐん (win, historical)}; えん (en)^{←ゑん (wen, historical)}
Kun: かず (kazu, 員); いな (ina)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
員
いん Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 員 (MC ɦɨun).

Pronunciation

On’yomi

(Tokyo) いん [íꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA^(key): [ĩɴ]

Noun

員(いん) • (in) ^{←ゐん (win)^?}

(literary) member

Derived terms

員(いん)に備(そな)わるのみ (in ni sonawaru nomi)

Suffix

員(いん) • (-in) ^{←ゐん (win)^?}

member
公(こう)務(む)員(いん) ― kōmuin ― public sector workers, civil servants

Affix

員(いん) • (in) ^{←ゐん (win)^?}

member

Derived terms

員(いん)外(がい) (ingai)
員(いん)数(ず) (inzu), 員(いん)数(ずう) (inzū), 員(いん)数(じゅ) (inju)
委(い)員(いん) (iin)
委(い)員(いん)会(かい) (iinkai)
委(い)員(いん)長(ちょう) (iinchō)
学(がく)芸(げい)員(いん) (gakugeiin)
議(ぎ)員(いん) (giin)
人(じん)員(いん) (jin'in)
党(とう)員(いん) (tōin)
定(てい)員(いん) (teiin)
役(やく)員(いん) (yakuin)

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 員 (MC *hjwen). Recorded as Middle Korean 貟 (貟)/원 (wen) (Yale: wen) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource員 (eumhun 인원 원 (inwon won))

Hanja form^? of 원 (“person, personnel, employee, member”).

Compounds

충원 (充員, chung'won)
의원 (議員, uiwon)
직원 (職員, jigwon)
동원 (動員, dong'won)
위원 (委員, wiwon)
교원 (敎員, gyowon)
인원 (人員, inwon)
정원 (定員, jeong'won)
대원 (隊員, daewon)
전원 (全員, jeonwon)
사원 (社員, sawon)
선원 (船員, seonwon)
관원 (官員, gwanwon)
당원 (黨員, dang'won)
감원 (減員, gamwon)
공무원 (公務員, gongmuwon)
구성원 (構成員, guseong'won)
종업원 (從業員, jong'eobwon)
승무원 (乘務員, seungmuwon)
회사원 (會社員, hoesawon)
총동원 (總動員, chongdong'won)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

員: Hán Việt readings: vân[1], viên[1]
員: Nôm readings: von[2]

chữ Hán form of viên (“person, member, staff, personnel”).

Derived terms

人員 (nhân viên)
公訴員 (công tố viên)
動員 (động viên)
向引員 (hướng dẫn viên)
同應舉員 (đồng ứng cử viên)
員外 (viên ngoại)
員職 (viên chức)
團員 (Đoàn viên)
委員 (ủy viên/uỷ viên)
學員 (học viên)
官員 (quan viên)
專員 (chuyên viên)
專員留貯 (chuyên viên lưu trữ)
屬員 (thuộc viên)
應員 (ứng viên)
應舉員 (ứng cử viên)
成員 (thành viên)
技術員 (kĩ thuật viên)
接員 (tiếp viên)
教員 (giáo viên)
會員 (hội viên)
檢察員 (kiểm sát viên)
派員 (phái viên)
清查員 (thanh tra viên)
生員 (sinh viên)
發言員 (phát ngôn viên)
編輯員 (biên tập viên)
訓練員 (huấn luyện viên)
訪員 (phóng viên)
議員 (nghị viên)
通譯員 (thông dịch viên)
運動員 (vận động viên)
隊員 (Đội viên)
隨員 (tùy viên/tuỳ viên)
電話員 (điện thoại viên)
黨員 (đảng viên)
黨員 (Đảng viên)
鼓動 (cổ động)
鼓動員 (cổ động viên)

References

Trần (1999).
Hồ (1976).

[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[Trần_(1999)-2] Trần (1999).

[btcn-3] Hồ (1976).